SIGGRAPH '87
January 1988
$2.95 U.S. $3.95 Canada
â–Ągazine for Commodore and Commodore Amiga Users
THE MONTHLY SOFTWARE COLLECTION
FOR COMMODORE - ONLY $6.65 Commodore Microcomputers
Lots of Great Software Every Month
Review bxj Steve Levin ". . .1 highly recommend Loadstar. If you can afford only one disk service, make it Loadstar..."
Loadstar" is a collection of exciting new Commodore programs, published monthly on 5Vi-inch diskettes. Disk issues contain quality, ready-to-run Commodore 64 and 128 software: home and business, education, music, graphics, animation, utilities, tutorials, games, and bonus programs from popular software developers.
Loadstar Subscribers Say... "Loadstar contains a variety of programs that are usually not available anywhere else. The format is great!" "Being user-friendly is a big plus for LOADSTAR, and what a value!"
"I have recommended LOADSTAR to my friends and they love it."
Every issue of Loadstar contains ready-to-run software for everyone in the family. For example, Loadstar Issue #40 is contained on two disks and features all of the following
Loadstar provides an endless number of things to do with your Commodore. Subscribers enjoy more than a hundred programs every year for pennies each,
including C-64 and C-128 programs from Commodore Magazine. At only S6.65 per issue, Loadstar is your best software value.
programs:
■ All Smiles • Ohms Law * Farmer's Market ■ Error Aid • Pixel Puzzler • Dugan's Art Depot Print Shop Composite • Beginning Bytes Byte by Byte • Bit by Bit • Lullaby
The Best of Loadstar Yours FREE Loadstar will deliver three months of software
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Matches • Math Help • Window Demo 128 Auto-Answer Disabler • Sound Synthesizer
plus the complete arcade game Pensate from Pen gu in/Pol a rware, and regular monthly features
Satisfaction Guaranteed As a Loadstar subscriber, you will get software variety to make your Commodore investment pay off- plus the convenience of home delivery and our unconditional money-back guarantee. If you are not 100% satisfied with your first issue of Loadstar, you may return it for
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Available at Ualdenbooks, B. Daiton Booksellers, and fine bookstores everywhere (caverprice $9,951. Apple mid IBM PC versions also available.
Please rash The Best of Loadstar disk #3 with the first issue of my 3-month Loadstar trial subscription. Only S19.95 postage paid! (Overseas $27.95)
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LOAD/TAR
lhe new Commodore1' Amiga* 500 is
everything you never expected from a home computer. That's because we designed it to excite you. To dazzle your senses with 4096 colors and stereo sound. To unleash your creativity. To allow things you never
It animates.
dreamed possible in a home computer.
Because until now, they really weren't. Like built-in speech synthesis, so you'll always have someone to talk to. Pro-quality 3-D animation that lets even beginners put their ideas in motion. Colorful educational programs that make lessons fun and mem orable. A complete home office with powerful spreadsheet and database programs—even word processing with WordPerfect? And unlike any other home computer, the Commodore Amiga 500 can multi-task, so you can run several programs at the same time. Hook it to your VCR with an optional RF modulator, and the Commodore Amiga 500 becomes a home video production center. Paint graphics over video images. Create moving 3-D titles. Produce your own animated feature. And for pure fun, enter the incredible
It educates. It's a home office. It's a video studio. It's arcade games in stereo. It's the new Commodore Amiga 500 home computer.
world of stereo Amiga video games. With
graphics so good, major video game makers use them in their coin arcade machines. AND NOW YOU CAN SEE IT ALL. FREE.
We captured the excitement, beauty, and power of the Commodore Amiga 500 on a special VHS video cassette called The Amiga 500 Video Test Flight. If you're ready for the ride of your life, call 1-800 -87-AMIGA or contact your Commodore Amiga dealer to find out how you can get your free video demonstration.
1-800-87-AMIGA
COMMODORE
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1
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Commodore is z registered trademark of Commodore Eletironlcs. Ud. Aung* is * registered trademark. and the Amiga logo a trademaik of Commodoie-Amlga. Inc WordPerfect lsa
registered uadematk oil he WordPerfect Coipowtlon. MiiHe Midnew game screen courtesty of Electronic Ans. MaiiPlan busincssgHphit courtesy ofOxÂťi. Inc. Motorcyck anlniailonKieen courtesy of Aegis Developmenl.
The most precious treasures a fantasy gainer can find. You've looked high and low toi (hat rarest at fantasy games — ones thai
transcend mere playacting, whose spell binding plot superb execution and
playabilitycan ignite yout imagination
and propel you into a world beyond the mundane constraints ol reality.
Congratulations, you ve found them!
■ PHANTAS1E 111: THE WRATH OF
WUS is much more than a sequel to the [jestselling Phanlasie and PJiimtiisir II games from SSI li is the final Confrontation between youi hand ot six heroes and the Dark Lord Nikadenuis You'll traverse across an entire con tinent, explore treacherous dungeons, teleport to the astral Planes of Light and Darkness - all to gat her clues that will lead you to the Dark Lord and to gain the knowledge and power to des troy this evil force. New and improved features have realistic We've also enhanced the screen displays and increased speei play. If you've played Phanlasie or PHantasie if, you can transfer ihe sj set ol characters to this game Judged as cither a sequel to one the most successful fantasy series ever created, or as a complete game in its own right. Vie Wrath of Nikademta prom ises an enchanted odyssey o( endless
■ REALMS OF DARKNESS creates an immense- and foreboding world to serve as your personal exploratorium Recruit up to eight companions and guide them as the travel .moss savage
wildernesses, strange * itie-; and levels of torturous dungeons You fulfill seven different quests, each perilous - and more rewarding -
thirty must more than
the one before You can split up your party into as
many .is eight different subgroups Switch kick and forth among them and remain with any one- (01 .is long as you
wish You can also switch between a menu driven fantasy game or text adventute game In the latter mode, you can "talk" insimj;' with people and u puzzles Ri.mn may conquer the hordes
of monsters, but only brains can unravel the increasingly elaborate puzzles that block your path to ultimate glory, APPLE tl SERIES & C-64 128 \neiudt$ graphic routines from the Graphics Mti.jiiiiiH'* from [\ilitm\irt1'"
Now that you've found these prei ious irejsures. reach for them at your local computer, soil ware or game store today. And rememlvt. lor more of the
best In fantasy adventures, you won't have to search so long and hard any more Simply look K< -ol
where the
gems of fantasy gam ing .ire made. All SSI mi „ or your nwuv t*ack' tiuanwlx \V STRATEGIC SIMULATIONS,
1046 N Rengstorff Avenue "luntatn View. CA 94043 5) 964 1353
AWTASIB
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e Wrath of
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APPLE II SERIES, C-6-1
128 G ATARI S
>y STRATEGIC SIMULATIONS, INC. All
roserveti
If there are no convenient stores near you. VISA and M/C holders can order these $39 95 games by calling toll-free 800-443-0100. x335 Or send neck to SS! at the address above. (CA residents, add applicable sales tax I Please specify computer format jnd add $2 00 tor shippings handling
Commodore M
A
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A
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JANUARY 1988, Volume 9, Number 1
FEATURES ADVENTURES AT INFOCOM
74
70
Interactive fiction is the trademark of Cambridge-based Infocom. Their success is based on hard-working people dedicated to making Infocom games as great as they can be. by Russ Ceccoia
SIGGRAPH '87
74
From July 27-31, the Anaheim Convention Center was transformed into a carnival for computer graphics enthusiasts. Here's a look at the products and companies that were included in Commodore's booth. by Tim Jones
COVER STORY NED LERNER AND CHUCK YEAGER:
TAKING COMPUTER FLIGHT TO NEW HEIGHTS
66
Chuck Yeager's latest project is a Commodore 64 flight simulator from Electronic Arts, written by Ned Lerner. How was it developed, and how realistic is it? Find out all the details in this interview with Ned Lerner and Chuck Yeager. by John Jermaine
COVER PHOTO: Steven Unze Software: Advanced Flight Trainerby Electronic Arts
DEPARTMENTS LETTERS
4
NEWS
8
ADVENTURE ROAD
62
Quest for Sequels by Shay Addams
TELECOMMUNICATIONS Inside Q-Link by Robert W. Baker
64
16
GRAPHICS CONTEST ANNOUNCEMENT
77
18
GAME PROGRAMS
TIPS & TRICKS Hints for Fun and Utility Compiled by Louis F. Sander
Amiga Tips & Tricks Compiled by Tim Jones
Castrovia by Joseph M. Schwartz
78
128 USERS ONLY 128 Mode: Fuel Gauge 128 by Mark Jordan
82
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS Castle Clobber by Jack Emberley
20
Street Sports Baseball by Scott A. May
22
The Graphics Transformer by Gary V. Fields
26
Wargame Construction Set by Scott A. May
28
Aliens by John Jermaine
30 34
Cauldron byMarkCotone
AMIGA SOFTWARE REVIEWS Hardball byJefferyS. Hail
36
Faery Tale Adventure by Graham Kmsey
38
Barbarian by Gary V, Fields
40
Animator: Apprentice by Bob Lindstrom
42
Online 2.0 byGraham Kinsey
46
TECHNICAL TIPS Fastload Switch by Marshall Freedland and Luis Garcia
50
AMIGA UPDATE AmigaBASIC Tutorial by Tim Jones
88
Amiga Public Domain by Graham Kinsey
92
COMPUTER TUTOR Custom Screen Designer by Stephen Rodda
98
HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS
124
MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAMS
126
ADVERTISERS' INDEX
128
Interfacing Commodore's User Port, Part 6 How to Build a Digital Camera by John lovine
56
COMMODORE MAGAZINE
3
LETTER FROM THE EDITOR Greetings: Fd like to welcome all our new readers to Commodore Magazine, and at the same time, thank all of our old friends for helping us to grow to where we are in 1988. Whether you are young or old, a new reader or an old-timer, and whether you own a 64. a 128. an Amiga, or all three. I think that Commodore Magazine will have a lot to offer you in 1988. From news, to reviews, to type-in programs you can use, to feature stories on everything from hard drives to the SID chip, we're trying to provide you with the kind of magazine that you want. Starting with this issue, you'll notice some changes in the magazine. Ail Di
rector, Gwenn Knapp, has been hard at work on fine-tuning the design of the magazine, and this month you see our new masthead and logo on the cover. Another change is that we've expanded the software reviews section of the magazine. We've divided the review section into 64 and 128 Software Reviews and Amiga Software Reviews. This allows us to increase our coverage of the Amiga family of computers, without sacrificing our 64 and 128 coverage. It also will let you more quickly identify the reviews for your particular comput er. Also for Amiga owners, Amiga Tips & Tricks stalled appealing in October 1987, and we will continue our Amiga Public Domain and AmigaBASIC Tuto rial columns. Watch for feature stories on Desktop Publishing. Wordprocessing and Animation. For Commodore 64 and 128 owners, we are continuing our series on Inter facing Commodore's User Port by John Iovine. We've had a lot of positive feed back on this series, so we will keep it running until John runs out of ideas. Be sure to see his digital camera project in this issue. Louis Sanders' Tips & Tricks column is also continuing to be favorably received. So much in fact, that next month we are publishing a feature called "101 Tips & Tricks For Game
Players" with all of the tips coming from reader mail. Other features to watch for include Desktop Publishing on the 64. a Disk Media Buying Guide and sa lutes to Epyx on their tenth anniversary and to Electronic Arts on their fifth. Our type-in programs for the 64 and the 128 will continue to provide an assort ed bag of topics, from fractals to sprite and disk utilities to a variety of games. Last of all, let me introduce you to the new cast of characters here at Com modore Magazine. Our new Publisher, Julie Bauer is a long-time employee of Commodore Business Machines and brings an extensive marketing and ad vertising background to the magazine. Expect to start seeing more advertising in our magazine, as well as a wider distribution as she begins using her skills.
Although my position has recently changed (from Technical Editor!. I have been with the magazine for almost five years now-. I am going to try my best to keep the magazine on course with features, reviews and programs that fit your needs. Susan West recently joined us as Assistant Editor. She has a strong writing and editing background, including many years with Commodore Busi ness ^Iachines, and will make sure that quotes are properly placed and that the writing remains fresh and lively. Mike Rivera, our new Assistant Technical Editor, has a solid technical background and is now turning his expertise onto the problem mail that readers send in, as well as the type-in programs in each issue. Though the personnel changes and the magazine evolves, the goal remains
constantâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;to bring you the best Commodore-specific magazine on the market.
Commodore MAGAZINE
Publisher
Julie Bauer Assistant to the Publisher Amanda K. Wappes
Managing Editor Jim Gracely Assistant Editor Susan R. West Assistant Technical Editor Mike Rivers
Art Director Gwenn Knapp Assistant Art Director Wilson Harp Production Manager
Jo-Ellen Temple
Circulation Kenneth F. Battista Advertising Coordinator Rebecca Cotton
Advertising Representatives SOUTHEAST, SOUTHWEST AND WEST COAST Warren Langer, Spencer 0. Smith Warren Langer Associates
9320 NW 2nd Street
Coral Springs, FL 33071 Advertising Inquiries Only 305/753-4124 MIDWEST, NORTHEAST AND CANADA
Pamela Stockham 700 River Road Fair Haven, NJ 07704 201/741-5784
Commodore Magaiine. Volume 9, Number 1, January 1988. Commodore Magazine is published monthly by Commo dore Magazine Inc., 1200 Wilson Drive, West Chester, PA 19380. U.S.A. U.S. subscriber rate is $35.40 per year: Canadian subscriber rale is $45.40 per year: Overseas sub
scriber rate is $65.00 per year. Questions concerning sub scription should be directed to Commodore Magazine Subscnplion Department, Boi 651, Holmes, Pennsylvania
19043. Phone (800) 345-8112. In Pennsylvania (800) 662-2444. Copyright ÂŁ 1987 by Commodore Magazine Inc. All rights reserved. CBM, PET, VIC 20. and Commodore 64 are registered
trademarks o( Commodore Electronics Ltd. Super PET and
Jim Gracely Managing Editor
4
JANUARY 1988
CorrmotJore 128 are trademarks of Commodore Electronics Ltd. Amiga* is s registered trademark of Commodore-Amiga. ABC Membership applied for
PACKED with PROGRAMS EIGHT PROGRAMS AND MORE ON EVERY DISK. What's the opposite of "downtime"? It's UPTIME, of course. fust imagine ... a disk each and every month, delivered right to your door and packed with programs for your Commodore.
We make it easy and inexpensive. You deserve value. At UPTIME we believe in value. That's why each month 30,000 people like you enjoy a disk full of programs and information.
Make your life easier! Get more from your computer. Organize your life and be more productive with
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Subscribe now and save. You won't believe the low price! Satisfaction guar anteed or your money back. Make the very next disk yours. Fill in the coupon and return it to us, or simply call. We'll start your subscription im mediately, for immediate service/ call toll-free:
1-800-437-0033
home management programs. Expand your
knowledge with educational programs. Relax and enjoy monthly games or adventures. Make using your Commodore a snap with
anytime, day or night.
helpful tutorials and handy utilities. It's-terrific!
from
Volume 1. No. 1
Flip 'Em ■ Brain Teasers ■ Shopping Lister ■ Video Phile ■ Calendar Creator ■ File Appender ■ Nom de Plume
-v^
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^ CM12
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itC
NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS Hard Drive System for Amiga
Central Coast
C entral Coast Software has
Oomspec Communications has
announced the release of a new
Hard Drive System for the Amiga.
released two new programs for Amiga users. Precisely, a word
The system is divided into two
processor which supports
parts: the SCSI Host Adaptor,
multitasking, multiple windows,
which provides a Small Computer
keyboard macros, and on-line
Systems Interface port, battery
help, accepts documents
backup clock and autoboot
produced with PaperClip,
circuitry and the Hard Drive
SpeedScript or Pocket Writer
Chassis, which allows for
for the 641128.
physical mounting of up to two hard drives or a hard drive and
Quarterback, a fast hard disk to floppy back-up utility supports backup and restore, with
chain connectors and a fan. Comspec's Hard Drive System is
Commodore Appoints President
CcCommodore Business Machines has appointed Max Toy president
the only hard drive for the Amiga
and chief operating officer. A computer industry veteran, Mr, Toy has
diskette sequence numbering and
capable of automatically booting
held top management positions at ITT, Compaq and IBM. Most
checking. Quarterback is not
Kickstart and Workbench from
recently he was senior vice president of sales and government products of Xtra Business Systems, a division of ITT. At Compaq
copy protected.
tape streamer, SCSI controller board, power supply, SCSI daisy
the hard disk. For further information contact: Comspec
Communications, Inc.. 153 Bridgeland Arc., Unit 5, Toronto,
Ontario M6A2Y6, Canada, Telephone: (416) 785-3553.
Computer. Inc., Mr. Toy was vice president of sales. He also held a variety of sales and marketing positions with IBM Corporation. Mr. Toy's experience in establishing distribution networks and VAR programs is intended to complement the progress already made in the U.S.
Prolific Releases CAD Programs L rolific, Inc. has introduced two
CAD programs, PRO-NET and PRO-BOARD for the Amiga. The programs offer features such as
full/subdirectory/incremental automatic formatting o: diskettes, cataloging of files and
Both products are available from Central Coast Software.
Precisely sells for S79.95, Quarterback for S69.95. For more information contact:
Central Coast Software, 268 Bowie Dr., Los Osos, CA 93402, phone (805) 528-4906.
The 64 Emulator
automatic device number
T -L urn your Amiga into a
assignment and insertion of page
Commodore 64 with The 64
for reference signals. In addition
Emulator from ReadySoft Inc.
to the standard commands such as copy, move, and repeat. PRO-
your Amiga and you have access
NET offers variable template
to thousands of programs
size, selectable grid snap, grid
written for the 64. The 64
show and grid size and intelligent
Emulator supports all Amiga
zoom. The PCB layout program
disk drives and printers, and an
PRO-BOARD supports up to four layer PCB. Each product retails for $475; demo disks are available for S15 each. For more information contact Prolific, Inc.,
Insert the Emulator disk into
optional interface cable allows
you to directly connect any 64 disk drive or printer. All video
modes, color and sound are fully supported. Suggested retail price
1808W.SouthgateAve.,
for The 64 Emulator is S39.95
Fullerton. CA 92633. or call
(S59.95 with interface cable). For
(714)447-8792.
details contact: ReadySoft Inc.. P.O. Box 1222, Lewiston, NY 14092. Or call: (416) 731-4175.
The Timeworks
Desktop Publisher • Kerning: Use PUBLISHER'S kerning capability—adjustable word and letter
spacing—for a professional typeset appearance.
• Automatic Text Flow and Word Wrap: PUBLISHER automatically flows text from column to column on the same page, or carries it over to other pages.
Publisher also includes these Timeworks time-savers! • On Screen Rulers—lets you know
A full-featured desktop publishing powerhouse with word processing, page layout, and graphics. Even if you have no design skills or
your text and columns, and reposition
publishing experience, you can get
your graphics. Change your layout or
results in less than an hour with THE
experiment—almost effortlessly!
TIMEWORKS DESKTOP PUBLISHER. Use our Quick-Start Mini-Manual and go to press. It's that simple.
• Built-in Fonts: Choose from hundreds
headlines and body copy, can be made bold, italic, underlined, or reversed.
on your dot matrix printer.
For all its ability, PUBLISHER is incredibly simple to learn—refreshingly so.
PUBLISHER combines the common
sense WYSIWYG (What-You-See-lsWhat-You-Get) Display, an abundance of Help! Screens, and our Quick-Start Mini-Manual™—all designed to get
elements within l/l20th of an inch of your desired position
• Built-in Quick Keys—converts multikey commands to one keystroke
• "Undo" Capability—press a key to "undo" what you just did. Experiment without trepidation!
Serif & sans serif formats, for both
exactly how your finished documents will look. Use the program's built-in elements on each page. Once it's perfect, just press a key and print out
• Precision Placement—places
of possible typestyie combinations!
Your computer display shows you
layout tools to reposition and resize
exactly where you are on the page
Type sizes range from 9 to 36 point.
Titneworks Desktop
PUBLISHER
■ Premium Quality Printouts: PUBLISHER uses a special high density (72 x 120) printout format that gives you superior quality printouts on your
dot matrix printer. Very professional!
• Built-in Word Processor: All the features needed for standard word processing, plus most of the sophisti
vgr\
cated ones found only in more expen sive programs.
you publishing in no time! Design
• Text Importing: Import documents
Start publishing in less than an hour-
newsletters, term papers, ads, reports,
from WORDWRITER 3. WORDWRITER
at a price you can afford. The
128. PAPERCLIP WORD PRO* or any
TIMEWORKS DESKTOP PUBLISHER retails for just $49.95.
business forms, brochures, and more!
ASCII file, into columns and copy
SPECIAL FEATURES: • WYSIWYG Display: Designing and editing is a breeze with true pull-down menus, icons, and dialog boxes. And, your display screen shows you exactly what your final product will look like
when you print—What-You-See-ls-
blocks you're working with.
• Built-in Graphic Toolbox: Create lines, boxes, ovals, rules, and more; choose from 8 built-in patterns and brushes. Plus, create your own original illustra
Call 312/948-9202.
hand" feature.
• Graphics Importing: Utilize graphics
• Flexible Page Layout: With your
and illustrations from other drawing programs, including PRINT SHOP PRINT
mouse or joystick, and keyboard, you
Find it at your local dealer. Or order directly from Timeworks.
tions and designs by using the "free
What-You-Get!
can reposition, resize, and reshape
For C64 & 128 Computers (64K).
MASTER, and GEOWRITE* Then, crop and size to fit your layout. * Registered trademarks of their respective companies.
444 Lake Cook Rd., Deerfieid, IL 60015 312/948-9200 ©1987 Timeworks, Inc. Ail rights reserved.
NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS ■ NEWS • NEWS courses featuring 3D scrolling
allows two players to race each
graphics. The level of difficulty
other and view the race on side-
increases as the player
by-side windows, or a single
progresses through the courses.
player can race a computer-
released a new version of the
The Commodore 64 version
controlled biker. On-screen
TAXAID series of income tax
retails for S29.95, the Amiga
indicators include speed, RPM,
preparation programs for the
version for S39.95. For details
lap times, race position and
Commodore 64,128 and Plus/4
contact: Activision, 2350
course layout. Suggested retail
designed for home use. The new
Bayshore Pkwy., Mountain View,
price is S19.95. For details
edition includes all current
CA 94043. Or call: (415) 9600410.
contact: Broderbund Software, 17
Taxaid axaid Software, Inc. has
changes in the tax laws for tax year 1987. TAXATT) prepares IRS
Paul Dr., San Rafael, CA 949032101. Or call: (415) 492-3200.
Form 1040, Schedules A, B, C, D, E and Form 2441 (Child Care).
SATCOMM-
Calculations are automatic and tax tables are built in. The menu-
64
driven program is available for
$44.95 from Taxaid Software, Inc., 606 Second Ave., Two Harbors, MN 55616. Phone: (218)834-5012.
DatCOMM-64, a satellite tracking program for the
Commodore 64, is now available
Halls of Montezuma Ullectronic Arts has released
Halls of Montezuma, a battle history of the U.S. Marine Corp designed by SSG, for the
Commodore 64. Halls of Montezuma simulates USMC historical conflicts from the
Mexican War to Iwo Jima to Vietnam in eight pre programmed scenarios or in
scenarios that you design. Halls
of Montezuma retails for $39.95. For details contact: Electronic Arts, 1820 Gateway Dr., San Mateo, CA 94404. Or call: (415)571-7171.
from Strategic Marketing
Postcards XiCttivision has introduced a
wacky new program called Postcards with which you can combine backgrounds, clip art and captions to produce goofy postcards on your Commodore
64. Clip art creatures include insects, dinosaurs, alligators,
flamingos and wart hogs which you can transport via flying saucer, dog sled or parachute against a backdrop on the beach,
desert or moonscape. Over 100 scenes, people, animals, structures, objects and modes of transportation are included along with a built-in paint program so you can design your
own bizarre scenarios. Postcards retails for $24.95. For more information contact: Activision, 2350 Bayshore Pkwy.,
Mountain View, CA 94043. Or call: (415) 960-0410.
GeeBee Air Rally VXeeBee Air Rally, an arcadestyle air race, has been released
for the Commodore 64 and Amiga from Activision. The program offers 16 different in-air race 10
JANUARY 1988
Thunder Chopper X hunderChopp er from ActionSoft puts you at the controls of the Hughes 530MG Defender, a high-performance, scout/rescue/attack helicopter. The advanced helicopter simulation includes an on-board flight computer which provides
Resources. Inc. The program will
indicate the location of up to 15 different satellites for amateur radio operators who need to know when each is accessible and where to aim their antennas for successful communication.
SATCOMM-64 is available for $15.95 from Strategic Marketing Resources, P.O. Box 2183,
Effisville, MO 63011. For more information call: (314) 2567814.
Infiltrator II JVJLi Lindscape has released
Infiltrator H a sequel to their popular combat helicopter simulation. The successor pits recovered Captain Johnny
McGibbits against the Mad Leader in a fight-to-the-finish rematch. Infiltrator II
incorporates three land-based graphic adventures in addition to
the airborne combat mission. Suggested retail price is $34.95.
mission instructions and pilot
performance feedback. The "Heads Up Display" provides
For further details contact: Mindscape, 3444 Dundee Rd.,
automatic enemy target
Northbrook, IL 60062. Or call: (312)480-7667.
tracking/locking systems. ThunderChopper retails for
S29.95. For more information contact: ActionSoft, 201W.
Hot & Cool
Springfield Ave.. Suite 711, Champaign, IL 61820. Or call: (217)398-8388.
Superbike Challenge
Mini-Putt Xiccolade has released Mini-
E lectronic Arts has released its
second Music Creativity Library
Putt, an animated miniature golf
Disk, titled Hot & Cool Jazz for
game for the Commodore 64. Up
use with Instant Music,
to four people can play on different courses representing
DeluxeVideo and Deluxe Music Construction Set on the
latest offering from Broderbund
themes such as famous movies,
Amiga. The program contains
for the Commodore 64. The fast-
sports and countries around the
over 40 tunes in various styles
world. Mini-Putt lists for $29.95.
including Ragtime, Swing, Bebop,
For more information contact:
Latin and Fusion Jazz. Hot &
Accolade, 20813 Stevens Creek
Cool Jazz retails for S29.95. For
butuperbike Challenge is the
action arcade game lets players Face at speeds of up to 200 mph
on 12 challenging Grand Prix courses. Superbike Challenge
Blvd., Cupertino, CA 95014. Phone:(408)446-5757.
Continued on page 12
SWIFTAX... ONE GOOD REASON FOR PREPARING YOUR OWN TAXES You don't have to know much about accounting or computers to prepare your
own taxes. With Swiftax, Timeworks1 easyto-operate, menu-driven program, you'll complete your 1987 Federal income tax returns quickly and painlessly. And, our easy-to-use manual pro vides the information you'll need to keep your returns accurate and up-to-date. Features: Guides you through every step of the tax preparation process with full user prompts, and instructs you on which forms you must complete.
Prints your tax information directly onto tax forms as well as blank paper. Prints itemized lists of dividends, interest, etc., that are too long for the standard forms. Summarizes all 1987 tax law changes at the press of a key A built-in memo pad and calculator can be used simultaneously with your SWIFTAX program.
SwiftKeys provide instant access to any
forms and schedules in your tax return.
A new program disk
your tax alternatives, and
and manual can be ob tained for one additional
calculates the lowest
year at half price.
Automatically checks
amount of income tax you must pay.
Free Technical Support:
Sets up a unique Taxpayer File,
Whether you're a neophyte or experi
enabling you to make changes to your
enced computer user, Timeworks' full-
completed tax return, at a later date.
time Customer Support Technicians
commonly used supporting schedulesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;
will give you plenty of TLC. (Technical Loving Care) at no charge to you!
A,B,C,D,F,R,SE, and Forms 2106, 2441, and 8615-stores the totals, and auto matically enters this information onto your Form 1040, 1040A or 1040EZ.
Swiftax. One more powerful pro ductivity tool from Timeworks to help keep your business (and your life) in order.
Calculates and completes the most
More power for your dollar Timeworks, Inc. 444 Lake Cook Road
Deerfield, Illinois 60015 C 1983 Timeworks, Inc.
312-948-9200
*Reg. Trademark of Commocote Computer Systems.
Available for: Commodore 64 & 128 Computers* (64K, 40 Columns)
Suggested Retail Price: $49.95 At your favorite dealer now, or order from Timeworks today: 1-312-948-9202
NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS • NEWS Continued from pg. 10
more information contact:
Electronic Arts, 1820 Gateway Dr., San Mateo, CA 94404. Or call: (415)571-7171.
The Black Cauldron X he Black Cauldron, based on the Disney film of the same name, is an Electronic Arts fantasy for the Amiga set in the mythical land of Prydain. You play Taran whose mission is to locate and destroy the black cauldron made from the curses of an evil king.
Suggested retail price is S39.95. For more information contact: Electronic Arts, 1820 Gateway
Dr., San Mateo, CA 94404. Or call: (415)571-7171.
or phrases to be used at one time.
Voice Master Junior comes with the Covox Composer, which lets the user write and compose music by merely whistling a tune; it can then be edited, saved or printed out. Retail price is
S39.95. For details contact: Covox, Inc., 675 Conger St., Eugene. OR 97402. Or call: (503) 342-1271.
Aegis AudioMaster Xi£f 3gis Development, Inc. has
eleased Aegis AudioMaster, a digital sound sampling and
editing program for the Amiga. AudioMaster allows you to
manipulate any digitally sampled sound, mix sounds together, alter their waveform and save them as instruments to be used in other
Amiga music programs. Sample lengths vary according to
available memory. For example, 51SK will accommodate a two-
CompuTrainer
C ompuTrainer bicycle trainer from RacerMate connects with the
minute sample. AudioMaster's
Commodore 64 or 128 to electronically match road conditions by
suggested retail price is S59.95.
simulating hills, wind conditions and the rider's inertia by means of
For farther information write to: Aegis Development, Inc., 2210
a microprocessor-controlled eddy current brake. CompuTrainer
Wilshire Blvd., Suite 277, Santa Monica, CA 90403. Or call: (213)
commands to the Electronic Load Simulator creating an exciting
392-9972.
courses, create custom courses or randomly generate the terrain.
consists of a Brain Box with 8-bit microprocessor which, sends computer racing game in which the rider can race on famous
The Racer-Mate Challenge, an optional interactive software •■'■■ .:orms training sessions into time trials in which you
Voice Master "Junior" Uovox, Inc. has released the Voice Master' 'Junior,1' a low-
cost version of their Voice Master speech digitizer and voice
recognition device. Voice Master Junior is a self-contained unit
with built-in microphone that plugs into the joystick port. It allows hands-free desktop use. Speech or other sounds are recorded into memory and can be saved to disk. Word recognition templates enable up to 32 words
12
JANUARY 1988
Larry
E lectronic Arts has released
can race against your past performance. CompuTrainer retails for $595, Racer-Mate Challenge lists for S99.95. For more information contact: RacerMate, 3016 N.E. Blakeley St., Seattle, WA 98105. Or call: (206)524-7392.
Leisure Suit Larry in the
Land of Lounge Lizards, an
adult adventure game designed by Sierra On-Line for the Amiga. You control Larry, our hapless hero who spends a night in the fictional town of Lost Wages where he attempts to overcome
the odds and seduce the woman of his dreams. Looks, lack of money and even bad breath can complicate Larry's success, just
like in real life. Leisure Suit Larry retails for $49.95. For details contact: Electronic Arts,
1820 Gateway Dr., San Mateo, CA 94404. Or call: (415) 571-7171.
Real Estate Investor V ance Associates has released The Real Estate Investor V 1.2
for the Commodore 64 and Plus/4. The Real Estate Investor allows prospective buyers to analyze the possible financial and tax consequences of their investments. The program calculates mortgage payments, mortgage amortization, anticipated cash flow, property appreciation and income tax consequences for owneroccupied and tenant-occupied investments. The Real Estate Investor is not copy protected and is available for $25.00 from Jance Associates, Inc., P.O. Box 234, East Texas, PA 18046. Phone: (215) 398-0434.
- ~ I
\
ii
You're one of the elite... parachuting alone
behind enemy lines. The enemy controls the terrain, hidden in bunkers and machine
rear... or maybe a frontal attack will take them by surprise.
MicroProse has broken newground with All
ER,
the quality action game where tactical thinking and lightning reflexes determine your fate. Your missions will vary as much as the climate and terrain. Slip silently into position to rescue prisoners trapped in "tiger pits" from a P.O.W. camp, or throw
world. You'll be running, walking and crawling across fullscrolling, 3-D terrain. Arm yourself with an M-16 assault rifle, bayonet, LAW rocket (Light Antitank Weapon) or time bomb, but be wary of enemy submachine guns, antitank rockets, robot minitanks, minefields and flamethrowers.
:R .. More than just a great game. Ifs
caution to the wind and try to destroy a key munitions dump in
an adventure.
the desert. But watch out... enemy troops can attack from any direction.
AIRBORNE RANGER is available from a "Valued MicroProse Retailer" (VMR) near
The action is fierce as you control one soldier's battle against overwhelming odds. You'll need skill and strategy to outmaneuver your enemy, plus courage and some luck to make your escape. Along the way, search out that hid
den cache of weapons and first aid supplies... you'll probably need them.
you. Call us for locations! For Commodore 64/128, IBM-PC/compatibles and
Apple ll+/e/c. Call or write for specific machine availability, and tor MC/VISA orders if product not found locally.
SIMULATION
180 Lakefronl Drive â&#x20AC;˘ Hunl Valley. MD 21030 â&#x20AC;˘ (301) 771-1151
FINALLY, A CHALLENGING HELICOPTER Sure, our competitors have their own â&#x2013; Thfl new Kit* ol 1M art In htllcoptir iimulitlon-
versions of what they believe to be
realistic helicopter simulations. But they're either too superSIMPLE or they make helicopter flight a true
HARDSHIP. Only ThunderChopper's advanced flight systems, graphics, and game-playing strategies provide the perfect combination of challenge and fun.
-$29.95Better Engineering at a Better
Price
For Commodore
64--/128- Computers
a cm Soft
ThunderChopper puts you at the controls of an
Infrared, CO2 laser radar, and zoom television. Arma
advanced Hughes 530MG Defender. This high-
ment consists of TOW and Stinger missiles, a Hughes
performance scout/rescue/attack helicopter has the
Chain Gun, and Zunt rockets - ThunderChopper's
enhanced power and controllability not found in today's
750-horsepower jet turbine and precise controls provide
helicopters - or helicopter simulations. Thunder-
the power and maneuverability to use them all effec
Chopper's combination of power plus control lets you
tively.
land on helipads or rooftops with ease. With enough ex
perience you'll be ready to test your skills in a variety of
Superior programming and documentation design gets
dramatic escort, land and sea rescue, and combat
you up and flying in minutes. Flight techniques and
scenarios.
combat strategies by Colonel Jack Rosenow, USAF
High-speed 3D animated graphics, courtesy of Sub-
you've been looking for.
(Ret.) provide all of the helicopter action and realism LOGIC,offersuperbout-the-windowviewsinday,dusk,
and night flight modes. ThunderChopper's sophisti
From simple landing practice to the most dangerous
cated instrument panel lets you scan all vital information
combat mission, ThunderChopper is the perfect combi
at a glance. An onboard flight computer provides mis
nation of challenge and fun. ThunderChopper, truly
sion instructions and pilot performance feedback.
generations ahead of the pack!
Advanced instrumentation includes Forward-Looking
SIMULATION THAT'S ALSO FUN TO FLY!
C64 Screens shown. Other computer versions may vary.
ip Periscope!
ee Your ueaier...
And don't forget Up Periscope!, the
Or write or call for more information.
new state of the art in submarine
ThunderChopper is available on
simulation. For the ultimate in sub
disk for the Commodore 64/128 and
marine action and realism, nothing
Applell computers. Up Periscope!
else even comes close.
is available for the C64/128 and IBM PC. For direct orders please specify the program and computer version
you want. Enclose $29.95 plus
$2.00 for shipping (outside U.S. $6.25) and specify UPS or first class mail delivery. Visa, Mastercard,
American Express, and Diners Club ! 1987 AclionSolt Corporation
charges accepted.
3D graphics and special effects courtesy SubLOGIC Corp. Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 are registered trade marks of Commodore Electronics Ltd.
Apple is a registered trademark of Apple Computer. Inc. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp.
-GENERATIONS AHEAD IN STRATEGY ACTION SOFTWARE'
201 WEST SPRINGFIELD AVENUE. SUITE 711 CHAMPAIGN. IL 61B20
(217) 398-8388
Compiled by Louis F. Sander
r'his month Tips & Tricks explores new territory—literally as well as figuratively. Honduras and Chile represent our 49th and 50th contributing countries, while tips for the Amiga and PC-type computers are our first ever on these exotic and mysteri ous machines. Add to that our customary selection of type-in programs, com mercial software tips, computer room hints, on-line machinations and the like, and you have a wonderful potpourri to ring in the new year.
Ifyou'd like to share your own ideas, write them up and send them in. Many contributors use Q-Link E-Mail to LFS. More traditional folks send them, one per sheet ofpaper, with every sheet containing a return address, to: Louis F. Sander
New Year's Treat: Fire up your 64 and see how the accompany ing program works. It's the Spritemaster Snaders' way of wel coming 1988, done with their usual explosive sound, pyrotechnic graphics, and bang-up animation. You'll have to type the program in, because we aren't reveal ing what it's all about (at least not directly). But like most of Bob & David's software... "It's short and it's sweet, and it does some thing neat.'' It's a dazzling New Year's treat for you, courtesy of: Bob & David Snader Baltimore, Maryland PRINT"[CLEAR,YELLOW] HAPPY
NEW
YEAR
SNADER!":POKE :DIM
FROM
&
DAVE
M(39),N(39)
P=832:Q=1:R=255:S=54 296:V=5324 8
20
FOR
TO
38:READ
:N (J)=L:NEXT:FOR :POKE
K,L:M(J)=K
J=0
TO
4:READ
K,L
POKE
V,R-225*RND(0):Z=100*RND(0)+50
30
POKE
V+39,Q:POKE
:FOR
Y=230
:NEXT:POKE POKE :POKE
TO
Z
P+18,16 STEP-1:POKE
S,15:POKE
53281,1:FOR 53281,0:FOR
JANUARY 1988
K=0
TO
:IF
Q=8
THEN
300:NEXT:Q=Q+1
FOR
J=0
TO
Q=l
38:POKE
P+M{J),0
:POKE V+1,PEEK(V+1)+1:FOR K=0
TO
50
:NEXT:NEXT
50
POKE
S,5:POKE
55
DATA
019,040,016,017,022,016,013,
56
DATA
025,131,010,041,028,040,015,
130
S,0:GOTO
25
007
57
DATA
017,192,007,108,006,030,008,
58
DATA
004,068,009,097,011,012,012,
240
59
DATA
014,002,001,131,000,003,002,
128
60
DATA
018,056,020,056,021,064,023,
004
61
DATA
024,129,026,002,027,006,029,
62
DATA
031,068,034,068,030,008,032,
63
DATA
037,198,033,016,035,016,040,
192
032 130
64
DATA
036,016,038,016,043,130,033,
65
DATA
021,001,032,000,023,001,029,
000
001
Notes from PC Land: Here's what I've observed about my month-old PC, as compared to my long-familiar 128/Ptus4/64/VIC/PET machines: • The PC is much less fun. Commodore-land has lots more in teresting programs and lots more interesting programmers. • Though ray own machine is a $3000 AT clone, Commodore's inexpensive PC's look very, very nice, and will fill most people's needs with lots of power to spare. • The hard disk drive makes loading and saving instantaneous. Other than the price, that's the biggest tangible difference in the systems.
• Another big difference is the filenames. MS-DOS is limited to
V+K,L:NEXT
25
35
16
BOB
2040,13
15
J=0
45
P+M(J) ,N (J) :NEXT
FOR
128
Post Office Box 101011 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15237 Yes, the P.O. Box number was selected with computers in mind. (The Postmaster calls it decimal, but we know it's binary). And yes, we pay money for every tip we print. Most of them get $10. and the best get up to $50.
10
:POKE
40
J=l J=0
V+1,Y
S,0 TO TO
3:NEXT 38
eight very specific characters, while we get to work with sixteen of anything we want. • The difference in the keyboard layout is driving me insane, but I do like having four separate cursor keys. • The 80-column EGA display is great. The CGA isn't, but it's Continued on pg. 102
100 levels, 2473 ghosts, 586 scrolls -and one wicked demon Blast mad mages, mutant rats, and murderous monsters. Explore mysterious multi-level mazes. Annihilate hordes of ghosts, snappers, and dervishes to claim magical artifacts and treasure. The action won't stop until you get to the bottom of it
all - and hand Calvrak the Demon a one-way ticket to oblivion. GET YOUR
DEMON STALKERS DEMO DISK! Three wicked levels of manic arcade action. Send your name, address, and a check for $2 (to cover shipping and handling) to Demon Stalkers Demo Disk. Electronic Arts Direct Sales, P.O. Box 7530, San Mateo, CA 94403.
The deeper you ro, the harder ii got* lYnu T wur.i to bnni! iilunj: a frii-nd to lii-lp.) Elui don'l tntlt 'til you find a Slow Deulh rurse to me the
Simlls give you hints, magic, uiid the bhj;h of ihu
I [gfl the ])un|;t'un Constniction Set to design your
Mnrblr Vaults. If you'd nither, write wirai' lustor>
mm VOial nightniare .. hiiJ then indict it on your fni'iid*. With over li(K> desiEn options. Demon
of your own.
Stalkers' horrors can bv as infinite as
Save (Jumo i-omnuind.
yuur in tap nation.
ELECTRONIC ARTS速 TO PURCHASE DEMON STALKERS: Visit your retailer. Or call 800-245-4525 (in CA 800-562-1112) between 8am and 5pm Pacific time, and place a direct order on your Mastercard or VISA. Or order by mail by sending a check, money order, or VISA/Mas tercard information to the address above. C64 version is S29.95, plus $3 shipping and handling. CA residents add 6'i sales tax. Demon Swlkers is u lni(lemnrk of Electronic Arts. Commodore 64 is a registered trademark of Commodore Business Machines. Ltd.
Compiled by Tim Jones
/'(you have an item that you would like to submit for use. you can send it to: Commodore Amiga Tips 651 Outrigger Dr. Deltona.FL 32728
Amiga Date Idea: For those of us who haven't gone out and in vested in one of the various hardware clocks available for the Amiga 1000. here's an addition to the Startup-Sequence to help us speed up our boot sequences.
Because of the complex nature of AmigaDOS calls, it is possi ble to redirect the input and output of a command. By using this along with the RUN command, we can "multitask" a portion of our startup so that things progress at the best possible speed If you have an entry in your Startup-Sequence that looks like this: Date ? > NIL:
as a method of forcing yourself to reset the date and time each
time you reboot, you know that the system suspends operation until you enter the appropriate data and hit RETURN. Here's a fix for that that demonstrates a couple of features only available to the Amiga owner. Try changing the Date entry in your startup to the following: RUN DATE <CON:452'12'180/2LDD-Mi\LM-YY HHfcMM >NIL: ?
The results are quite surprising and while the new task is wait ing for you to enter the date and time, your system will continue to execute any additional instructions in your startup file. You
will find this most effective if you place it at the beginning ofthe file. If you have other time-consuming functions that block the continuation of the startup of your machine, you could insert a RUN command in front of them, increasing the boot speed of your machine even more. The best way to find out is to experi ment. If you do experiment, be sure to do it on a backup ofyour normal boot disk so that you don't mess up a working version of your Startup-Sequence. [This was submitted to me early in the series, but I lost the ad dress of the author. 1 do remember his city and state, so, ifyou think this sounds like your submission, please drop me another
18
JANUARY 1988
note and I will be glad to give you credit (and a check) for your work. - fa/7 Author Unknown
ASK for Amiga 500/2000 Owners: Here's a neat way to condi tionally install CLI commands into a RAM disk and then assign the appropriate virtual volumes. Included on the 500 2000 Workbench disk is a command called ASK. ASK allows you to make an entry into a batch file tin this case, Startup-Sequence) that prompts a user for a yes or no response. The syntax for ASK is:
ASK "Any text question in QUOTES" Then handle the response with an IF WARN statement i WARN is true if the first letter of the user's response is"Y"or"y"): IF WARN {operation} ENDIF Here's an example that I use to install my C directory into
RAM: Echo"" ASK "Install the CLI commands into RAM:Drive (Yor Nl? " IF WARN
MAKEDIR RAM:C COPY C: ALL RAM:C QUIET ASSIGN C: RAM:C ENDIF Then before the line ENDCLI > NIL:, I place the following: IF EXISTS RAM:C NEWCLI CON:540/150/100 50 CLI ENDIF
This allows me to decide whether to work in a Workbenchonly environment or to create a CLI for use with these com mands. If the commands were copied to RAM:, it is safe to as sume that I want to use a CLI environment, while a lack of Continued on pg. 114
■U2 Vl/ALl II Take command of the most modern naval task force in the world. Control an entire fleet of warships equipped
with hi-tech weaponry and surveillance systems. Yourtheater •<
Dining
BED' fress
of operations: today's hot spots like the Persian Gulf,
the Falklands and the North Atlantic. As realistic as tonight's
six o'clock news.
Hunt down the enemy with phase-array radar and ultra long-range sonar
surveillance systems. Launch Seahawk, Lynx or Seasprite helicopters for remote targeting and anti-sub warfare. Modern weapon systems include Phalanx auto-cannons, Harpoons, Exocets and Tomahawk cruise missiles.
EVERY OTHER NAVAL SIMULATION IS HISTORY. *J1*" """■">»■ JLJMrt_IJtralA*
usm
Bround-baaad EilKuom
Choose from 10 individual missions or fight a gut-wrenching campaign spanning 4 separate conflicts.
■r1
v. ;■
Command your fleet from the Combat Information Center. Take control from the bridge of any vessel or the cockpit of any helicopter.
■v.
stiltf
Configure your task force from a dozen different classes of vessels. Like Spruance destroyers, Ticonderoga
cruisers and Oliver Hazard Perry frigates. Deploy up to 16 vessels in your fleet.
Screen shots represent C64 version. Others may vary
HOW TO ORDER: Visit your retailer or call 800-245-4525 for direct VISA or MastefCard orders (in CA call 800-562-1112). The direct order price is S29.95 for the C64 version and S34.95 for the Apple version. Send a U.S. checkor money order to Electronic Arts Direct Sales. PO. Box 7530. San Mateo. CA 94403. Add S3 shipping and handling (55 lor shipping to Canada). Please allow 1-2 weeks lot U.S. delivery. C64 is a registered trademark oi Commodore Electronics Limited.
Apple is a regislered trademark of Apple Computer. TM & (& 1987 Lucasfilm Ltd. All rights reserved. Electronic Arts, authorized user.
ELECTRONIC ARTS*
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS'
Reviewed by Jack Emberly
Castle Clobber Computer:
Commodore 64
Publisher:
Thunder Mountain Division Mindscape School Software 3444 Dundee Road Xonhbrook, IL 60062 Disk S9.95
Medium: Price:
In this three-level educational adven ture, the robot Tbnk is piloted through a maze of castle rooms in search of TinkTonk Land's stolen toy chest. Mean King Gork who took the chest from the sad dened town folk, thwarts Tonk with trap doors that send him back to TinkTonk Land and menacing soldiers cart him off to "jail." But Tonk may triumph by follow ing a map of the castle and remembering the whereabouts of obstacles and locked doors. By winning games of pattern recog nition Tonk acquires keys to doors con cealing the chest. Lively sound, inventive graphics, and numerous surprises make Castle Clobber great sport for kids four to 13.1 like the systematic treatment of visu al perception skills needed for grade one reading and the critical thinking skills de manded throughout school. Level one, (for 4-7 year oldsi begins in the "Spooky Garden" leading into the up per floor of the castle. Using joystick or keyboard one guides Tonk into the castle's upper and lower rooms. Soon Tonk finds the "keys" he may hold and use should he win one of five spatial orientation games that now appeal's on screen.
Good Pre-Reading Activity
In "Odd Keys Out" the child examines 16 keys similar to the one found in the ad venture. The task is to isolate four that are different from the other twelve. "Pair the Keys" displays eight mixed keys that must be arranged in four equal sets.
In "Four in a Row" one studies 20 keys to discover four in sequence. Levels two and three add keys to each game. "Build Me Exactly" requires the child to study the color and shape of a soldier's four parts (head, body, legs, weapon I and build a similar soldier given two choices for each part. In level two there are four choices for each part; in level three the sol dier disappears and must be rebuilt from memory.
In "Who's Next" the child "analyzes" 20
JANUARY 1988
Lively sound, inventive graphics, and numerous
surprises make Castle Clobber great sport for kids four to thirteen. the height and shape of five soldiers to find the pattern which predicts the dimen sions of a sixth soldier. In level one the pattern is the same from soldier to soldier: by level three it changes from figure to fig ure. Teachers should appreciate this pain less way to introduce Bloom's taxonomy of thinking skills-analysis and synthesis. All five games will help grade ones distin guish commonly reversed "b"s and "d"s. Noting details could improve the spelling of older kids. The choice of Adventure or Games on the menu allows adults to select these activities for extended drill at their discretion.
Winning or losing games returns one to the Adventure in progress and its haz ards. At level one these consist of locked doors and Gork. The emphasis here is on visual discrimination. In level two Tonk encounters more haz ards and surprises, and a dungeon con nected by stairways. Trap doors appear suddenly to whisk him back to his start ing point. Bumping into soldiers sends him off to jail. On the good side. Tonk dis covers lanterns, shovels, and magic boxes which may help him escape darkened chambers and jail but their applications must be discovered by experimentation.
The result is problem solving by trial and error.
Useful objects may also be held and traded with Boomer, an ally should Tonk find the key to release his friend from jail. The challenge then is to locate keys, ob jects and hazards and through a planned route safely acquire the tools for victory. In level two kids in grades two through five leam to plan and follow the most ex peditious routes. In small groups debate rages on whether to first acquire useable objects, release Boomer or forge ahead in search of the chest. Thus cooperative prob lem solving becomes a major outcome of the fun. Players must succeed with level two to learn the password to level three (grade sevens love it). Here catacombs appeal- be neath the dungeon. These dark passages are connected by stairs to the two upper levels. Now trap doors may close behind Tbnk to end play. Only careful map read ing will take the adventurer to the prized toy chest. Castle Clobbers three levels of play are good educational fun for any elementary child. The program comes with back up disk and documentation containing maps and instructions. g
AKING MUSK HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER. Suddenly, you're a rock star. Screech ing, pulsating, throbbing with sound. You'ie
playing music on your computer There's on invisible band in your bedroom Your parents
don't understand you anymore—and you like it! What happened? Yesterday you didn't know a treble clef from a tuba. Today you're
creating mistake-free music on multiple in struments, You've discovered the revolution
ary program with musical intelligence. You've discovered Instant Music!"
C
Experiment with different arrangements or choose from 40 built-in songs—jazz, reg gae, even classical.
ROM SOLO EXPRESSIONS TO JAM SESSIONS. Open your concert with a bass guitar solo Then rip into a real-time rock out and
jam with the interactive band inside your computer. Play up to three instruments at
one time. And for really awesome effects, play out through a MIDI keyboard. The sound will blow your socks off!
"IT'S ONLY ROCK'N'ROLL DISK INCLUDED
REATE COLOR-CODED COMPOSITIONS.
With Instant Music you can actually see the music you're playing with color bars that
appear on your screen. Featuring over a dozen instruments to choose from, you se lect the ones you want to use. Just move your joystick or mouse to draw in lines of music. It's that simple.
You can compose, too. Instant Music lets you copy and paste, even erase your musical ideas. So improvise and synthesize. Screen shot represents C64 version
Jam-packed with over 50 rock tunes
from the '50s to Now. (Included with C64 version ONLY.)
H
OW TO ORDER:
I VISIT YOUR RETAILER OR CALL 800-245-4525 FOR DIRECT
VISA OR MASTERCARD ORDERS (IN CA CAlL 800-562-1112) THe Direct Puce is S29 95 for lhe C64 version Apple Ites and Amiga
versions S49 95 To Duy Ey mail, send check or money order lo
Electronic Arts. Direct Soles P.O Box 7530, San Mnteo. CA 94433 Add S3 tor shipping ana hcndlmg (S5 Canadian) There is a 14-dov,
money-cock guarantee on direct orders instant Music and it s Only RocknRoll are iraflemarks of Electronic Arts
INSTANT MUSIC. THE POWER TO PLAY.
ELECTRONIC ARTS
Reviewed by Scott A. May
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS"
Street Sports Baseball Computer:
Publisher:
ages), but aiming your hit requires a deft
touch. The inherent qualities of each play er must be considered. Some swing too early, some too late. Take this into account and swing according to who is at bat. Once the ball is hit. the main windowautomatically displays the fielder closest to the ball. The smaller window now shows the entire field, the path of the ball and where each fielder stands. Right be
Commodore 64 Epyx, Inc. 600 Galveston Drive P.O. Box 8020
Redwood City, CA 94063
Medium:
Price:
Disk -5^4.95
To participate in back yard sports is al
most a constitutional right for kids growing up in America. Although the set ting may differ according to region—a grassy field, vacant lot or urban side street—the fun and neighborhood cama raderie are universal. This spirit of im
promptu competition is the theme behind Strvet Sports Baseball the first in a newseries of games by Epyx. Like the real-life events they salute. Street Sports Basebcill will appeal to players of all ages and abili ties.
The games first option is the choice of two locations, a concrete parking lot or a grass field. The only difference between the two settings is the type of obstacles that litter the outfield. Going for fly balls isn't easy with obstructions like bird baths, dirt piles, bushes and puddles to contend with. The position and type of ob stacles changes fi-om one game to the next.
Games can be played against a street wise computer team or another human op ponent. Teams can be either hand-picked from scratch, recalled from previously saved groups or randomly chosen by the computer. Select new teams and you'll get to know the personal strengths and weak nesses of each player. There are 16 mem bers of the 52nd Street Hall of Fame, each a tiny terror in the neighborhood leagues. One of the nicest qualities of this game is how each player is treated individually in terms of ability. As in real life, some are better than others, but each contributes something special to the team. Each has a name and distinct personality. This is also the only computer baseball game that in cludes females in the line-up. Watch out guys, most of these girls can run circles around you!
A coin-flip determines who picks first and which team starts at bat. There are only eight players per team — the com puter handles the catcher's mitt for both 22
JANUARY 1988
fore the ball appears on-screen, a message
Getting a hit is not difficult (which is one reason why this game is perfect for all ages), but aiming your hit requires a deft touch.
sides and the pitcher covers home plate after the ball is hit. Next, each player de cides the team's field position and batting oi'der. Here is where you make the most of your talent, rag-tag as it might be. Review each player's abilities and make your as signments.
The playfield screen contains a score-
board at top and two windows showing dif ferent perspectives of the field. The larg est window displays a 3D view of the ac tion—from behind the batter's box to each position on the field—depending on the location of the ball. A smaller windowshows an overhead view of the entire field, helpful for tracking fly balls, base runners and outfielders' positions. There are only four basic pitchesfast, slow and right left curve balls, but the joystick controls the ball all the way to the plate. The large window provides the best view for pitchers to guide the ball. Pitchers will find it fun and challenging to fool batters (even the computer-con
trolled type i with quick-changing throws. Start out fast and slow it down right be fore it passes home plate, or do just the op posite. Curve balls are especially tricky to hit. but be careful—too much inside curve and you'll hit the batter, resulting in a walk. From the batter's point of view, hitting the ball is simply a matter of concentra tion. Getting a hit is not difficult i which is one reason why this game is perfect for all
is flashed indicating whether it is a fly ball or grounder. Fly balls cast a shadow on the ground. Follow the shadow, not the ball itself, and you'll make the catch most of the time. Fielding the ball is very simple, yet suc
cess depends on two factors: the fielder's abilities and the obstacles present. Run ning into a bush or slipping in a puddle causes your fielder to fall down, losing time and coordination. A butter-fingered player might also catch the ball and drop it. or let a grounder slip between his or her legs. Despite errors, most hits garner onlysingles. A home run fence can be seen in the distance, but such power hits are ex tremely rare. Throwing the ball to each base is a snap. Simply point the joystick in one of four directions—as though it were a base ball diamond—and press the fire button. Players automatically move to their as signed bases and catch the ball. When
playing the computer, one trick is to hesi tate before throwing from the outfield. The runners will continue to advance, giv ing you the chance to throw behind them and possibly force an out. Likewise, base runners will automati cally advance after a hit. unless they are on second or third with no one behind them. In this situation you can seize con trol of the runner and force him or her to run. Stealing bases is unheard of. but dur ing the heat of play, runners can "go for it" and slide into base. The game's graphics are large, colorful and cute. The animation, especially the batter and pitcher, is very well done. Sound plays an important role also, from the "thwack" of a nicely-hit ball to the oc casional honk of a nearby car horn. Street Sfxtrts Baseball is nicely paced, colorful and lots of fun for players of all ages. Like its real-life counterpart, it is in
formal, not too serious, and totally enter
taining. The only thing missing is your mother calling vou home for dinner. ra
ly,The
Stuff
-NY Times (Aug. 25.1987)
Strap yourself into Chuck Yeager's Advanced Flight Trainer' The only flight simulation co-designed by the greatest test pilot ever. And with action so fast, even experienced pilots 'auger in! The right stuff is right here. Test the limits of 14 different aircraft using Yeager's own
evaluation checklist. From the classicWWI Sopwith Camel to themach-speedSR-71 Black bird. Push the experimental XPG-12 to the edge of space.
Fly formation on Yeager's wing through Dead Man's Slalom. Catch the breathtaking fear of a Hammerhead stall, the adrenaline rush of an aileron roll, the thrill of your first Cuban 8.
Race computer opponents through white-knuckle courses. Bolt past obstacles and run narrow gates. Skim the ground at top speed, wing-
-wing with your rival. View the action from a chase plane or the tower. Seat-of-the-pants flying in the only simulation with over
forty years of experience. Yeager insisted on actual air craft specs and his own flight evaluation charts. Climb into the cockpit and see if you've got the'right stuff
HOW TO ORDER- Visit your retailer or call 800-
245-4525 for direct VISA or MasterCard orders [m CA call 800-562-1112). The direct order
price is $39.95 for the IBM version and 534.95 for the C64 version. Send a U.S. check or money order to Electronic Arts Direct Sales. PO Box 7530, San Maleo, CA 94403. Add $3 (or shipping and handling ($5 Canadian). Please allow 1-2 weeks for U.S delivery Coming for the Apple II. IBM is a registered trademark
of International Business Machines, inc. C64 is a registered trademark of Commodore Electronics Limited Software 6 1987 Ned Lerner.
PHOTO COURTESY NORTHROP AVIATION/ALLEN QUINN. Headline quote c 1987 by The New York Times Company Reprinted by permission.
ELECTRONIC ARTS 速
. So there you are, furiously working away at your Commodore 128, thinking every thing is just peachy, when all of a sudden, it hits you. That haunt ing, hollow, horrible
question that every computer
owner must inevitably face: "Is my computer up to date —or out of date?" If you use GEOS 128, that's a question you— or your grand- A children's chil dren—won't ever have to worry
about. Because GEOS 128 is the revolutionary software system designed to push your hardware to new lim its. Unleash its full power across a full 80 column screen. And expand its capabilities for years to come.
We should have installed disk brakes.
Loading up with GEOS
turns your 128 into a mousedriven maniac that loads, pro cesses and saves everything up
to seven times faster than nor
mal. Part of that's due to the GEOS diskTurbo, but most of it's due to the fact that GEOS 128 doesn't treat your 128 like aC64. You see, by recognizing your machine as a 128, GEOS 128 operates at a full 2 MHz, instead of 1 MHz. So you get twice the speed. Twice the power. And since GEOS 128 also
sort of like talking in sign language. For example, if you want a document for word-processing, you point to the icon that looks like a stack of papers. Click your mouse and bingo—you're in the file. If you want to erase the file, you drag the stack of papers over to the little waste basket and click your mouse. Poof. That's about as tough as it gets. Working within the system.
Learning where things are in GEOS is pretty simple, especially if you've ever sat behind a desk. Because that's exactly how we designed fiCifl! tit vr^n (rat rti* bB
i [* ..
supports the quicker 1571 and
1581 double-sided disk drives — and the 1750 RAM expansion unit—there's no telling how much faster that puppy will fly.
Fast and slick with mouse or stick.
1..
. 1,,
P.I.
1 .
tN ul be hw tg tactu tint tit first qwmr tdei iur.ii ^= Jim
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Using GEOS is ridiculously
simple. All you need is a mouse or joystick, and a keen ability to point and click. Everything else is pretty much a matter of read
ing menus (a technical term for "little lists of things"), or select ing icons (a technical term for "little pictures of things"). It's
GEOS 128. You keep your documents and graphics in files; everything else stays right on the desktop: the notepad, the calculator— there's even an alarm clock. In fact, the only thing our desktop
Now, we realize that's a lot to pack into one GEOS package. But as long as we're packing it in, we might as well let you know something else: There's more. doesn't have is a place to put your feet when the boss isn't around. But not only does GEOS give you a place to write and draw, it actually helps you write and draw better. Because unlike your basic office model, our desktop comes with geoWrite and geoPaint built right in. With geoWrite, your way with words leaves people speechless, as they watch you effortlessly cut, paste and move entire blocks of copy anywhere on the page. And since geoWrite comes with different fonts in a variety of styles and sizes, your docu ments become even more dazzling. With geoPaint, you can draw designs. Create with col ors. And tantalize your tastes with tons of tones and textures. Invert, rotate or mirror images.
Then place them wherever you want: either in your geoWrite document, or in your GEOS Photo Album for later use. But no matter what kind of masterpiece you create, you vVn ilo
The older it gets the better it looks.
It's true. Because there are always new GEOS applications just waiting to jump off the shelves and into your 128. Pack ages like geoDex and geoFile. for keeping addresses and data straight. Fontpack and
GEOFILE i>«
geoWrite Workshop, for tweaking text with that special,
^_
KS EEC! ia. <f» a srij (« o at «w M tt« d we.
ft; Ma, (rsa
always get to view it on a beau tiful, 80 column-wide screen. No more scrolling left to right. With GEOS 128, what you see really is what you get.
The more you put into your system, the more you get out of it.
Of course, when we say that GEOS 128 has far-reaching implications, we're not kidding around. Every GEOS 128 pack age includes free QuantumLink software, which hooks you (via modem) into a nationwide net work of Commodore people just like you. There's even a service that will Laserprint your docu ments for you.
Berkeley
n Softworks
extra touch. And, of course, geoCalc, a full-fea tured graphics spreadsheet for all you number freaks. They're just the first in a long line of GEOS applications that are constantly being devel oped to keep your 128 up to date. So if you'd rather have your 128 grow up than grow old, load up with GEOS. You owe it to yourself. You owe it to your 128. Heck, you owe it to your grandchildren. To order call 1-800-443-0100 ext. 234
GEOS 128 $69.95 (California residents add lc'c sales tax.)
$2.50 US'$5.50 Foreign for shipping and handling. Allow six weeks for delivery.
GEOS128
The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Reviewed by Gary V. Fields
The Graphics Transformer Publisher
Commudore U4 CDA. Inc.
Medium:
561 N. Main Street Yreka. CA 96097 Disk
Price:
.$#4.95
Computer:
rhe Graphics Transformer is a collec tion of graphic utilities which can convert screens nxim one drawing pro gram to another, plus a little more. Who would l>e interested in .such a product?
Anyone who uses more than one graph ic program and desires to use the draw ings or clip art designed on one with the other. Perhaps you have used Doodle! for
years but have recently purchased GEOS. Over the years you have created some im pressive graphics which you would like to incorporate in ageoWrite document or a geoPaint design. How do you translate them into files GEOS recognizes? Without a utility program like The Graphics Transformer you are out of luck â&#x20AC;&#x201D; either
you must manually recreate those graph ics or forget them. But now all you have to do is boot this program, cursor through the intuitively designed menus, and in short order the graphic is ready to be used by nearly any drawing program on the 64
market Why must a graphic be converted to be used by different drawing programs? Unfortunately there is no standard for mat for packing graphic codes for the 64 system as has been established for the Amiga. In the absence of such a standard, individual programmers have devised their own methods for storing and retriev ing code. As a result, a legion of powerful programs are on the market which are for eign to each other. The Graphics Trans former serves as a translator for those pro grams.
How does Graphics Transformer work? The entire program loads into the com puter's memory tin 20 seconds), not just a portion. After it is loaded you can remove and store the program disk. This is impor tant since you will be switching disks as you load graphics created by one drawing 26
JANUARY 1988
If you've ever tried to do graphics conversion by brute BASIC programming force,you'll understand why The Graphics Transformer is a genuine answer to a prayer. program and resaving the converted pro gram to another. Using the program is simple and logical. First you are present ed a screen which lists all the different graphic programs it is compatible with. There are over two dozen on the list, in cluding the more popular ones plus sever al 1 have never heard of: GEOS, Flexidraw Flying Colors, Kwik Paint, Comput er Eyes. Cadpak 64, Animation Station and Sahara Abstraction are but a few of the mix. To begin the conversion process you simply cursor down the list, highlight the name of the program your design was cre ated with and press RETURN. Next a conversion screen appears. Again you cur sor to highlight which program you want the file converted to. You can also convert a graphic file into a "stand alone" or
"multi" file, which I will mention in a minute.
After you've made a selection you are presented the DOS screen. Here you can read a disk directory, select and load files, convert the graphic or return to the main menu. After reading a disk's directory into memory, you simply cursor through the
listing and highlight the file (or files) you
want to convert. After the graphic is load ed, the power screen of The Graphics Transformer is displayed.
Does The Graphics Transformer have any
other unique or interesting features? Yes. Not only can you convert graphic
files to formats which alien programs can handie, but you can also create "stand alone" and "multi" files as well. With the "stand alone" option, you can convert and
save files which can be loaded and dis played independently of any graphic pro gram. To load and display a drawing you simply type: LOAD "filename".8,l and the graphic will appear on screen just as it originally appealed when it was stored to disk. The "multi'' file option allows you to re locate the graphic load to a memory loca tion you specify. This option would be use ful tor anyone designing a game program in which they would like to use their
graphics lor displays, playing fields, etc.
Is The Graphics Transformer worth buying and why? Ifyou own only one graphic program. you don't need The Graphics Transformer. But if you have collected several over the years, chances are you'll find this program invaluable. It is logically designed, does what it claims and does it quickly. My only complaint isâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Why did you guys wait so long? I've needed a utility program like this for years. g
Speed in Spades. Throttle—wide open. Joystick—back hard. Air it out, man.
GeeBee Air Rally. Airracing action that puts the wildback in the wild blue yonder. Speed in spades. One tricky turn after another. And a lot of nasty competition between you and the finish line. Buzz em. Bump 'em. Blow 'em away.
Show "em who owns the skies.
16 unique courses, 4 spe
cial events, 256 levels of difficulty.
Bailout front a midair
mishap, andyou never know where you'll end up.
GeeBee Air Rally. $29-95 suggested retail price for Commodore 64/128. $39-95 suggested retail price for Amiga™ computers.
ACTIVISION.1 Ask your software retailer or order direct: just call 800/345-2888, operator 300. A) Activision. Inc. Amigj screens shown. Stiecm
m»y vuy depending on computer lyiiem. Amigi and Commodore 64 and 12R are iradcmiiks of Commodore Electronics. Ud.
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Reviewed by Scott A. May
Wargame Construction Set
,■
and vital information are displayed on a status line near the bottom of the screen. This information is helpful for status re ports before and after an attack. At the heart of the program is the Game Editor, a comprehensive and some what intimidating look behind the scenes.
Computer: Commodore 64 Publisher: Strategic Simulations, Inc 1046 N. RengstorffAve. Mountain View, CA 94043 Medium: Disk Price: 829.95
Novice designers will find it much easier
To loyal fans of computerized battle simulations. Wargame Construction Set represents a dream that has finally come true. Play one of the eight pre-designed war games included on the disk, or
build your own versions of military con
flicts. Both diehard strategists and novice armchair generals will find a lot to like in this dynamic feature-laden program. The program's greatest asset stems fVom the talents of designer Roger Da mon, author of S.S.I.'s Panzer Grenadier, NAM and Field ofFin: Damon evokes a user-friendly style without sacrificing au thenticity — no easy task considering the complexity of most computer war games. Lush graphics, easy-to-use joystick com mands, intricate scenarios and fast gameplay characterize a typical Damon design. The author shares some of his secrets in Wargame Construction Set. resulting in a program with real long-term play value. The program consists of two pails: game scenarios and the Editor Novice players — and those unfamiliar with Da mon's style — should begin with a few tri al games. Five one-player and three twoplayer games are included to spark your imagination and display the Editor's pow erful features. The eight pre-designed games offer a wide range of styles and difficulty levels. Scenarios include historical re-enact ments ("Rommel's 88's." "First Bull
Create combat simulations from medieval conflicts to intergalactic megawars.
tion of the scenario, the number ofplay ers, map configurations, unit statistics and the overall objective. Veteran war gamers will find the users manual up to S.S.I.'s customary standard of excellence. All games consist of a series of phases that comprise one full turn. Game turns typically include Observation. Fire and Movement phases for each side. AVictory phase indicates which side is favored in the battle at the end of each turn. Finally. a Save Game phase allows players to con tinue the game at a later date. Two-player games feature additional
fire phases, depending on the scenario.
Games that support the Artillery Plot phase aliow both sides to summon off-
board artillery fire. Such force is so dam aging—often simulating atomic weapon ry—players may wish to delete this phase.
Run"), textbook military maneuvers <"Tb
Another phase unique to two-player games is Opportunity Fire. Mere a player may interrupt an opponent's Movement
turn to Beta 4" i. Wargame Construction Set is flexible enough to create combat simulations of almost any time period,
previous turn. This is a powerful defensive tactic, used against advancing armies.
Crass a River." "Fulda Gap"), fictional confrontations ["Delta Force Rescue," "Castle Siege'"i and futuristic battles ("Re
from medieval conflicts to intergalactic megawars.
Specifications for each pre-designed game are detailed in the back of the users manual. Information includes a descrip28
JANUARY 1988
phase and fire any unit reserved from the
Damons use ofjoystick controls simpli fies gameplay tremendously, especially in two-player scenarios. The joystick moves a cursor in eight directions across the smoothly-scrolling battlefield. When placed atop a player's unit, its ID number
U) alter certain aspects of a pre-designed game rather than .starting completely from scratch. Soon you will understand how each change affects different features in the game. It also gives you the unique opportunity to study how professional de signers use Wargame Construction Set to achieve desired effects. The final step be fore committing an original design to disk is to follow the editing tutorial outlined in the manual. This will take you step-bystep through the entire process, including game genre, theme, plot, map construc tion, unit design and deployment. Graph paper is recommended for sketching pre liminary map layouts. Players will soon discover two factors that will either make or break a good war game: terrain placement and unit design (both friendly and enemy). Terrain fea tures include: roads, bridges, blown bridges, trees, crests, hilltops, woods, mines, buildings and rivers. Each terrain type affects different units in terms of movement and line of sight. Players must be careful not to box off prime objectives with impassable terrain. Keep in mind that nothing you can do will cause the program to crash. Poor planning, however, can render the most attractive design virtually unplayable. Few people will get everything right the
first time out: re-editing your designs is inevitable. Always consider your final ob jective to avoid design errors. Unit design is complex, yet fascinating to experiment with. Each unit (both
friendly and enemy] contains a wealth of interactive parameters: firepower, de fense, assault, movement, strength and range. Fire type determines unit weapon ry: small arms, machine guns, anti-tank and heavy explosives. Unit types for both
sides include infantry, tanks, engineers. mortars and cannons. Friendly units can also contain trucks, helicopters and boats. Wargame Construction Set tackles a se rious game genre with unusual style and grace. Roger Damon and S.S.I, have cre
ated a masterpiece oflong-term entertain ment value.
Q
The time: 1400 hours. Some where in the Pacific. Some ill-fated coordi nates in World War II.
Jmdm.\iim
eyeball to eye ball action. This time around you'll be right in the middle of it all. You knew it wouldn't be pretty But how tough could it
Damaae Conlwl irpnrlsa hit on the starboard side. Sen d in Alpha. l--> i.~ Baker and Ckarik to to repair. repa
Ifou're at the helm, command ing the
DC tO
It sure seemed a lot easier than shelling islands, escort ing a convoy or hunting subs. Or so you
WTill it be the twin
anti-
40mm Bofors -i:i^ aircraft
guns? Or the 5"lead-spewers aft? Depth charges j or torpedoes?
Autopilot or guts? i
Any choice could be your
last, so make it good. Suddenly, you hear the ominous rumble of YOU'VE ALWAYS DREAMED OF greatest conincoming Zeroes. BEAUTIFUL MODELS. Now you can pick up an entire assaultfleet, including But now You fire, and send Radar spotf inbound Zeroes. Ready a replica Fletcher Class Destroyer, from forward gunnery positions.,Man the fiv.ar.ral[Ta^ anti-aircrafttitrrcts.They'rf coming HICJJUWCl one plummeting to look what Revell. Onvin an authentic scrambled eggs flight deck cap. Sweepstakes details ever put in a lightweight you've got. the sea, trailing a are in every box, or writefor an entry coupon. No purchase necessary. Sweep fighter. The deadly Thirteen plume of smoke. stakes ends June 15.1987. Official rules Fletcher Class Destroyer. fully-opera are available at participating dealers. On instinct, you in You've embarked on the tional, earstruct the bridge to first simulation that actually bursting battle stations to commence evasive maneuvers â&#x20AC;˘combines the intricate, worry about, all armed to the Even though, by large-scale strategy of gills. Not to mention radar. experience, you lwargamingwith Navigation. Sonar. know there's no the intensity of And half the Japanese fleet where to run. crawling up your spine. furious, Time to make some tacti Apple II& compatibles, C$41128, IBM & compatibles. cal decisions.
EPYX
64 AND 128 SORWARE REVIEWS
Reviewed by John Jermaine
Aliens Computer: Commodore 64 Publisher: Activi>ion 2350 Bayshore Parkway Mountain View. CA 94043 Medium: Disk
Price:
$34.95
Aliens, developed and marketed by Aotivision, is a special collection of six mini-games in which the player partici pates in events from the movie of the same name. The characters of Newt and Ripley are both included, and you must control the actions of Ripley in many phases of the game. The first phase of the operation chal lenges you to pilot the drop-ship as it de scends through the planet's atmosphere. This sequence isn't a true flight simulator, with complicated controls to master, but it delivers an easy-to-understand flight sim ulation which everyone should enjoy. Once the troops have landed, four ma rines are sent out to search the interior of the Atmosphere Processor Building. Un fortunately, the aliens quickly become aware of their presence, and the second game has you directing a systematic re treat of your men to the APC i Armored Personnel Carrier), This exercise can be come complicated, considering that a large enemy force is closing in on the ma rines' position. When your people have been extracted
from the area, they are driven to a new lo cation in the complex. The Operations Room Rampage takes place when the squad becomes hopelessly surrounded. You must defend your position until one of your men can cut an escape mute through a heavy steel door. This particular game forces the player to quickly analyze the situation and deal with each alien as an individual, even though yuu have to worry about eight lanes of invading creatures si multaneously. As the group leaves the Operations Room behind them. Newt suggests it might be safer to travel through the air ducts. A fourth game, the Air Duct Maze Scramble, has Newt, Ripley. and the sur viving marines desperately trying to find a route out of the building. If the team is captured, it means a slow death for every one. Each marine knows the score and has volunteered to sacrifice his own life to save the others, by detonating his gre nades when the safety of the group is 30
JANUARY 1988
Each marine has
volunteered to sacrifice his own life to save the others, by detonating his grenades when the safety of the group
is threatened.
threatened. Once again the user becomes an armchair general. During this evacua tion maneuver, an accident places Newt in the hands of the enemy. Even though the nuclear reactor of the complex will explode in 17 minutes, Rip ley disregards her own safety and sets off to rescue her young friend in the Newt Rescue Race. There are a number of things to worry about during a relatively short period of time. For one thing, you are using the range locator to find Newt. Secondly, Ripley must leave a trail of flares to show her how to get back to the elevator. As you search for the child, blast aliens that pose an immediate threat, but try to conserve your ammunition for the encounter with the queen in the alien nest. Smart players become clock watch ers and gauge their activities to the re maining time. The final challenge is a brutal One-OnOne Confrontation with the alien queen. Ripley commands a power loader during this epic battle taking place on the mili
tary transport ship. These loaders are heavy duty second bodies for their opera tors, and powerful enough to deliver a mean jab to a big bad alien spoiling for a fight. Weaken her as quickly as possible, grab the creature at the right moment, and drop her through the air lock to com plete the final task of the mission. Alien's graphics are well done and accu rately depict their big screen counter
parts. I was very pleased with the way the alien creatures looked in the games. Steve Gartwright must have had a difficult time analyzing those distinctive mugs and making them look presentable on the 64. Even though the Aliens are basically
black figures, with some white detailing added, their appearance is more than just acceptable. It's interesting to note that your foes move differently than the human beings in the program. Some aliens are faster than others, and it seems that certain "bugs" are more aggressive when you en counter them in a game. The Operations Room scene really looks sharp, while the graphics display of the flame thrower in action is equally impressive. It would have been nice if the digitized transitional screens could have contained more de tails, but they still look good, and their movie dialogue is very entertaining. You may recognize something familial* about the "Drop-Ship Maneuvers" game. It made its debut in Activision's Master of the Lamps program and challenged the user to guide a flying carpet through a se ries of mystic colored rings. This whole se quence was re-vamped for Aliens. Now the software pilot of your group has the oppor tunity to fly the drop-ship to the landing field, by maneuvering the craft through a computer graphic pipeline. As you enter
the planet's atmosphere, you feel as if you're actually flying the craft. The image on the screen shakes, a low roar is heard in the background, and the ship's hull be gins to glow, as the outer skin of the vessel makes contact with the atmosphere. Aliens also contains original theme mu sic and a nice collection of realistic sound effects. As you progress through the story line of the movie, you'll hear automatic gun fire, the unmistakable sound of feet walking across catwalks, a noise emitted by the creatures themselves, and the hyContinued on pg. 52
1987- Expanding Scenery disk
coverage; East Coast, Japan, & Europe 1986- Flight Simulator II for the 68000 computers
1985- High-performance Jet flight simulator for the IBM,
Commodore 64, and Apple II computers
1982/1983 - Microsoft Flight Simulator & Flight Simulator II
1979 - 3D graphics applied to the original FS1 Flight Simulator for
the new Apple II and TRS-80 computers
1977- SubLOGIC's 3D graphics
package in BASIC and M6800 Assembly Language
Some say our technology has helped us define the state of the art in flight simulation. We believe our ten years of dedicat ion have gotten us where we are today.
SubLOGIC's first black & white 3D graphics routines, developed in 1977, paved the way for our introduction to flight simula tion and aerial combat gaming theory. Our second-generation Flight Simulator II was so well conceived that even we find it
difficult to improve upon. Jet's spectacular land and sea battle scenarios set another classic milestone in state-of-thejart simulation gaming. Scenery concepts incorporated into SubLOGlC flight simulation products right from the start continue to
evolve as we introduce new, more beautifully detailed areas of the world to explore. And coming in 1988 - a flight control yoke for even more realism!
We invite you to help us celebrate our first decade of success, and share in our anticipation of the next ten years to come. SubLOGlC tenth-anniversary promotional shirts and posters are available at your dealer or directly from SubLOGlC. See your dealer, or write or call us for more information.
UOGIC
Corporation
713 Edgebrook Drive
Champaign IL 61820 (217) 3S9-WB2 Telex: 206995
ORDER LINE: (800) 637-4983 {excÂŤpt in i i'ito s j
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The Commodore Connection.
64 AND 128 SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Reviewed by Mark Cotone
Cauldron
latter, fairy-tale-familiar transportation choice, which will be the one most fre
Computer: Commodore iÂť4 Publisher Broderbund
quently accessed, demands some rather
17 Paid Drive
Medium: Price:
Sail Rafael. CA 94093-2101 Disk $ 29.99
Bubble, bubble, toil and trouble. Come closer. Commodore players, and sam ple a delicious new dish being served up by the designers at Broderbund. They've taken one part adventure, two parts ar
cade, a healthy dash of novelty, and blend ed it all together in Cauldron, a tempting ly fresh entertainment offering with a fla vor all its own. This satisfying recipe first reaped praises in England, where it was introduced and quickly climbed to the top-
seller status. Now it has finally arrived on our shelves, again promising to be noth ing less than a lip-smacking success. Cauldron is actually not one game but two: an acrade double feature containing both the original title and its related yet divergent sequel. Both challenges are structured around the antagonistic ten sion that has grown between the Witch Queen and the PumpKing. neighboring mortal enemies locked in an eternal pow er struggle over the land they share. In the first contest, you step into the role of the Witch Queen, an enraged old sorceress who has just been victimized by a sweeper swiper. It seems that your or ange archenemy, the PumpKing. has pil fered your precious golden broomstick, and is now keeping it under tight wraps in the far reaches of his secret subterranean lair. Physically, you are no match for the legions of muscle-brained guards sur rounding your lost treasure. But your magic is strong, and after researching through your ancient potion index, you come across the exact concoction that will render the PumpKing and his followers powerless. The game itself now develops into a nationwide solo scavenger hunt, as you comb the chimerical countryside look ing for the six scant and peculiar ingredi ents â&#x20AC;&#x201D; eye of newt, juice of toad. etc. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; that are to be mixed in the cauldron to prepare this mystical brew. On. over and under forests, mountains and seas you must search, all the while dodging a full assortment of enemy creature's who try to weaken you with their strength-sapping touch. It's a long, hard journey but an en joyable one just the same. 34
JANUARY 1988
Broderbund's taken one part
adventure, two parts arcade, a healthy dash of novelty, and blended it all together in Cauldron. The second game, a flip side follow-up entitled "The Pumpkin Strikes Back." picks up the action a few years later. As legend outlines, the Witch, after retriev ing her golden broomstick, has risen to power and initiated a vengeful iron-fisted wave of terror aimed at eliminating all who oppose her. You. in an ironic role re versal, now take control of the PumpKing's last surviving guardian. Your mis sion: to single-handedly defeat the witch and restore your fallen leader to his right ful place of honor. Again, your attack will be carried out through the magical chan
nels simmering in the all-powerful caul dron. The catch here is that the entire in ventory of required secret potion items must be obtained from your enemy's cas tle, a heavily fortified citadel where the witch herself resides. So into the jaws of death you search, axing doors, skirting hallways and avoiding soldiers until you have gathered all the necessary ingredi ents. Its a demanding quest that will take timing, practice and ingenuity, to say nothing of a little luck. The games, as described so far, would appeal' to be strict adventure contests. But I can assure you that these programs are arcade through and through, built on that high-velocity, quick-triggered foundation that all experienced joystick jockeys have come to embrace. The genre is also given a unique, almost whimiscal twist, by the designers' choice of surrogate movement. In Cauldron I your joystick-guided witch can either walk. jump, or take to the skies on the back of her broomstick. This
uncommon controller techniques to sus tain flight. Unlike other arcade contests in which an on-screen airborne vehicle can instantly dart back and forth without regard to the laws of physics, your witch's cloud duster adheres to the principle of in ertia, and will be required to first deceler ate and stop before reversing direction. Carrying out evasive maneuvers and landing patterns will demand training mid patience as you orient yourself to the feel of the ship. In Cauldron II the strange gets strang er, for your pumpkin guardian, like the rest of his species, has no arms. legs, hands or feet. The only way he can move about is by bouncing. Talk about nervewTacking! Where it would have been tough enough to sidestep the traps and terrors of the castle as a pedestrian, your
jack-o-lantern character is forced to roam the witch's headquarters like some sort of overactive, smiling basketball, ricochet ing off walls, thumping under tables and jouncing through the smallest of open ings. Control will be difficult at first, but as you learn the unexpected and unusual tricks you can perform, this novel addition augments the game's addictive appeal. Visually, Cauldron provides a crisp and colorful cartoon environment, with both stages combining the natural with the bi
zarre to create a dream-like, surrealistic atmosphere. The animation is fluid, with attention paid to even the smallest detail. The witch's clothes flap in the wind as she> soars through the moonlit sky, gargoyles turn their granite heads to follow the path of your pumpkin, and fiery lava bubbles to the surface of overheating volcanic pools. But as rich as this program's graphics are. this is not a contest that will allow for much sightseeing. In a word, this game is tough. You are given nine lives as a witch and six as a pumpkin. It will only take a novice a quick couple of minutes before he is dead and buried. Broderbund must have sensed the stiffness of the challenge, for they even included a set of maps that not only detail the worlds to be explored, but also pinpoint the exact location of all the necessary potion ingredients. Only the most seasoned arcaders will be able to make do without the extra help. For some of the inexperienced, knowing where the Continued on pg. 105
V.
This is the difference between reading an adventure and living one. Picture the most exciting text-only Adventure in your software
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GUILD OF THIEVES is the Jong-awaited sequel to THE
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REVIEWS
HardBaU! Computer: Amiga Publisher: Accolade 20813 Stevens Creek Blvd. Cupertino. CA 95014 Price: $44.95
TTardBall! from Accolade is an arcade
Reviewed by Jeffery Scott Hall
In the dugout
there's a teammate
who blows blue bubble gum from
time to time.
11 lover's baseball dream. This is one
baseball game that has great digitalized sounds, music, speech and graphics. After the title screen, you select which device is plugged into port 1—mouse or joystick. Next choose your team—All-Stars or Champs, and whether you want to be the home team or the visitors. Finally, you may choose a one-player game, two-player game or a computer vs. computer game.
HardBaU! has an on-the-diamond view point which is very nicely done. The pitch er, batter, catcher, umpire and baseball are very lifelike. Your batter faces you and the pitcher has his back to you. Did I say that the baseball was lifelike? Yes, I especially like the baseball, it is very viv idly done! Batting is done very simply—press the fire button once to activate the batter each time you're ready for a pitch, and just push the joystick (or mouse) either up, down, left or light and push the fire but ton at the same time. The way you swing depends upon which way you think the ball will go. For example, if I pitch a curve ball left, then you should swing left. In a one-player game the computer will auto matically activate his batter or pitcher, whichever the case may be. In a two-play er game, pitching is done in almost the same way as batting. To select the type of pitch you want, press the fire button with the stick held up. down, left or right. Note, the pitcher's options vary some according to who is pitching. For example, Ibmpkins has a
good Fastball! pitch. You might be won dering about the difference between a
"Fastball" and a "Fastball!" The latter has less salt and more pepper. Once you have selected the type of pitch, you may now pitch either up, down, left or tight. Sound familiar? Its a lot harder than it sounds, you must remember that, you have just se lected the type of pitch which makes it much more complicated than just a simple pitch to the strike zones. There's not too much to say about the catcher, except of course he catches the 36
JANUARY 1988
pitcher's balls. The umpire, on the other hand, has an added plus, he actually calls the strikes (not the balls), and has a real istic look to him. In the dugout there's a teammate who blows blue bubble gum from time to time. You may laugh, but this does add to the game, giving a more life-like feel. Now that we've taken a good look at the players, let's look at the ballpark. A good looking ballpark is important in a base ball game, after all. that's where all the action takes place. When I play some com,puter baseball games it seems like I am looking at tiny pixels on the screen, like you would see if you were looking out of a blimp upon the stadium below. Baseball fans will not be disappointed with the sta dium in HardBaU! You can see people in the stands inot pixels i with different facial expressions. The green grass (or turf) is veiy distinguishable from the diit. It is a nice shade of green, with good depth to it. Now, let's talk about dirt. How exciting is dirt, right? Well, if your dirt looks like grass, or tiny pixels, you don't have a real istic atmosphere. Again, HardBaU! will not disappoint you. The dirt. well, looks like dirt. It all has a 3D aspect to it. When your base runner slides head first into third base, the dirt flies up around him— this is truly a plus for the game. Now that we have looked at the people in the stadi um, grass and dirt, let's look at the struc ture of the ballpark itself. The stadium is done in a nice, light shade of blue. It has markers that are clearly distinguishable marking the 400 foot area (and others) and a nice 3D perspective. Wait until you hit that grand slam into deep center field. That will be one you won't forget for a while! Has your pitcher grown tired? Has your center fielder missed that ball once too of ten? Has your shoitstop stopped short? Then it is probably time you called in a
(gaspi substitute. To call this screen up you simply press your space bar. A screen is displayed for both All-Stars and
Champs with a list of every player cur rently in play, his name, batting average and position. To make a substitution you just move the joystick up or down to high light the person you want, then press the fire button. Now a third window will open at the bottom of the screen displaying some players for your team. To .scroll through them, press your joystick up or down. Each person's name, position and average are displayed in this window. Now you select the right player for the person being substituted. For example, let's say you're substituting a new player in the shoitstop position. You scroll through your list until you find the short stop you want Then press your fire but ton. That's it. you have just substituted a player. While playing the game, I found one small bug. I had a runner on second, two outs, one strike and three balls on the heavy hitter. I decided to bunt, and what a surprise I got! It just so happened that when I bunted, the ball fell short of where the third baseman could go. As a result. I got an in-the-park bunt homerun. Howev er, at this point the game was hung up and I had to reset the machine. It would appeal- that the players are programmed to go only so far on the field toward the catcher. On the plus side, I re-created the same situation land many others where I bunted) and cannot get it to happen again. If you are a statistics fan and would like
to create your own players and teams, this is not the game for you. However, if you love to play baseball and don't like to mess with stats, this is definitely what you're looking for. Great graphics, music, sound and speech combine to make HardBall! a grand slam. Q
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REVIEWS
Faery Tale Adventure Computer: Amiga Publisher: Micro Illusions 17408 Chatswoith Street P.O. Box 3475 Granada Hills, CA 91344 Price: $49.95 In Faery Tale Adventure, you are guid ing three brothel's in their attempt to retrieve a magical talisman that has been stolen from the village of Tambry where they live. Since the talisman's disappear ance Tambry has been attacked by strange creatures, controlled by a power ful evil Necromancer. Faery Tale begins with oldest brother, Julian, standing in the middle of Tambiy the morning after the attack. The user interface for Faery Tale is a sort of "mini-menu." positioned in a por tion of the bottom of the screen. The Items menu allows you to list all your items, search for hidden items or give an item you have to another person. The Magic menu allows you to use any magic item you have acquired during the game. The Talk menu is used for conversing with oth er characters. The Buy menu is used to purchase items in shops. The Game menu contains options for loading and saving a game in progress, plus options for pausing the game and options for turning offibn Faery Tales music or sound effects. In addition to the mini-menu, there is also a compass that tells you what direc tion you are traveling. You can even click on one of the compass points to move your character if you are using the mouse. Fa ery Tale conveniently allows you to use mouse, joystick, or keyboard for virtually all choices and actions in the game. The information part of the screen also con tains the narration scroll, which gives in formation on your character's status and actions. It aiso shows five numerical val ues that carn- vital information about your character. Bravery measures each brother's combat effectiveness. Kindness has a major role in how effectively a broth er will be able to communicate with other people (If this attribute drops very low. even the shopkeepers will refuse to do business with you!). The most unusual at tribute in Faery Tale is luck. If your char acter has anv luck left when he dies, a 38
JANUARY 1988
Reviewed by Graham Kinsey
The most unusual
attribute in Faery Tale'is luck â&#x20AC;&#x201D;if your character has any left when he
dies, a faery will
appear and bring him back to life. faery will appear and bring him back to life. She will then place him in the last "safe" spot he was located. Each brother has eight lives to "'waste." One of the two remaining numerical values, vitality, is the equivalent of the famous "hit points" figure. The final figure is how much gold you are carrying. The top two-thirds of the Faery Tale screen contains the view of your character and his surroundings. What a view it can be! All the people, objects and places in Faery Tale are represented in a 3D per spective from a top view. When outdoors, all objects cast shadows, which vary in in tensity I but not in length' depending on the time of day. Outside light varies from a bright view during the day to a nearly pitch-black view in the evening. The natu ral scenery varies greatly, from gentle plains to mountains, from lakes to thick forests, from towering mountains to ex pansive deserts.
You will see animation and graphics during a fight that are so good that made many people compare Faery Tale Adven ture to the extremely popular coin-op vid
eo game Gauntlet. While I wouldn't say that all ofFaery Tale compares equally to Gauntlet, the combat sequences in Faery Tale come admirably close to the game that many youngsters spend dozens of quarters on.
Don't be too eager to explore even- nook and cranny of Holm, for the nasties that ransacked your village last night are waiting for you! You are armed with a dagger at the beginning ofFaery Tale, but this is no substitute for bravery and pow erful magic. As a result, you will soon find out why each brother has many lives. Fortunately you have several things that can help keep you from dying for
good too quickly. Seven common magic items are found all over the place. There are glass vials to improve your vitality and jade skulls that can blast all attack ing foes out of existence! There are also items that allow for better vision, speedy
travel, and one that even temporarily stops time. All these common magic items work only once, but they can be found quite easily (especially if you can manage to take them from your foes). There are
also different weapons that you can ob tain. Four can be bought from any local merchant, although you have to be able to steal enough gold from your enemies in order to buy them in the first place I a real nasty catch-221. You can use time to your advantage, too. When your character sleeps at night he will recover from a certain amount of damage received during the day. So even if you aren't lucky enough to find glass vials (or aren't rich enough to buy them at the shops i, you do have a real chance to recover from your wounds, if you can just survive until sundown. If you refuse to al
low the brothers to eat and sleep, they will collapse from starvation or exhaustion. However, with sustenance and rest the re covery is relatively quick. The main task in Faery Tale is to re trieve the talisman from the clutches of the Necromancer. So, being a tireless ex plorer, you decide to check out even- place in the land of Holm. However, you can't just barge into every castle, crypt or keep and interrogate its occupants or search ev ery nook and cranny, because almost ev ery place is locked! Even if you do find a key, how do you know it's the right one? There are six different colored keys in Fa ery Tale, and each only opens certain types Continued on pg, 115
The wait is over...
but the excitement has just begun.
More than two years in the making, Warriors of Destiny sets the new standard fojc roleplaying games. No other game can ojjperyou as beautifully detailed a world or as exciting an adventure. Ultima V is the game for all role-playing gamers: Warriors of Destiny will enchant the novice and challenge the expert.
Highlights of Ultima V • Powerful new combat and magic systems, increasing in sophistication as your skill increases. • Over twice the graphic detail, anima tion and sound effects of earlier games. • Hundreds of truly life-like people who i carry on complex conversations and interactions with yor
,
Screen displays shown from the Apple™. OUiers may vary.
Allows (he use of Ultima IV
characters. No previous Ultima experk'net1 required.
Jiuiidlng 'B'
Reviewed by Gary V. Fields
SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Barbarian Computer: Amiga (512K Required) Publisher: Psygnoas Ltd. Distributed in U.S. by: Computer Software Service 215D Executive Drive
Price:
Addison,H, 60101 $39.95
With jaw set, teeth exposed, long hair flapping and your father's
sword in hand arbarian is a one-man search and destray mission where you control Hegor the Barbarian. The object is to fight your way into the underground lair of evil Necron and destroy him. his power and Vulcuran the dragon which protects him. The 14-page novelette which comes with the game explains that Necron is. in fact. Hegor's uncle. Before Hegor was bom, his uncle and his father, Thoron had a parting of the ways. Thoron took the path of good. Necron the path of evil. Eventually Thoron killed Necron allowing the earth to take a deep breath of relief. But wait, evil won't be written out of the scheme of things so easily. Necron some
how resurrected himself, set up a kingdom down under and released his guardian dragon Vulcuran on the earth to settle the score with Hegor's father—which he does. As the dragon retreats to its lair, Hegor takes the broadsword from his dying fa ther's hand and swears revenge. From youth to manhood he studies and trains
until he is finally ready to set out on a quest to settle the score between good and evil. That's where you come in. Clad oniy in loincloth, wrist armor and sandals you face the marshes which lead to the open ing into Necron's domain. With jaw set. teeth exposed, long hair flapping and your father's sword in hand you begin. It doesn't take more than a few steps to dis cover that there are more evils in this land than Necron and his dragon. Each step reveals new dangers, both breathing and mechanical. Barbarian creates an un earthly world where few of the creatures you encounter will look or react like any thing you have seen before. The first guardian you must outmaneuver or fillet is a two-legged, evil-faced, rubber-kneed brute which is more teeth than anything else. Next you must jump past a trapped archway, slash through a fur-coated, ani mated claw-and-jaw of destmction, dodge a demon, disperse a ghoul, retrieve an ar40
JANUARY 1988
you begin.
row. Only after all that are you ready to begin your descent into Necron's private hell—a catacomb carved out of a living volcano. This is where things really get tough. The game looks and plays like an ex pensive arcade but is actually a mixture of both arcade and graphic adventure. Rath er than having to eliminate even' oppo
nent you may, providing your reflexes are welt tuned, sidestep them. Although a joystick can be used, mouse or keyboard input is more effective. The game's unique interface devotes the lower 15 of the screen to a row often large icons. Tb get Hegor to move right you click on the right arrow, to get him to climb you activate the up arrow, to fight you click on the sword symbol, etc. These ten command icons, plus an additional row of less-used com mands let you rapidly issue commands for Hegor to run or walk left, right, up and down plus stop. jump, defend himself, flee, pick up objects and switch weapons. Barbarians graphics are as good as Pve seen anywhere—that includes dedicated
arcade machines which you must pop quarters into. Hegor is proportionally sized to his surroundings, his body is shaded to reveal form, muscles, joints and even the direction of the light falling on him. The bad guys and creatures you'll encounter are just as well defined. (Note: ifBarbarian were rated it would get at least a PG-13 because of the abundance of graphic violence. I Happily, the excellent graphics are not paid for at the expense of animation. The first animated screen displayed when the game loads shows a wonderfullv realistic.
detailed Hegor with a body as large and muscular as any boxer from a Rocky mov ie, The character comes to life, lifts a huge sword, his face grimaces and twitches and then with a great effort he raises the sword. The screen flashes and the speak ers clatter as the sword falls and severs the chain holding Hegor. The documentation doesn't mention how the sound effects of Barbarian were created, but they sound like digitized ef fects from real life. When Hegor is injured his moans sound real and when he thrusts his sword the grunt which accompanies the action is of a man exerting effort. Barbarian is a tough, challenging game. Each time you begin the quest, the opponents you face are almost always the same, although some small details ran domly change (the tree demon doesn't al ways throw rocks, for example i. Since
there is no way to save your position in the game, each time Hegor dies you must face them again. This means your mem ory of which opponent is next and where snares are hidden is paramount. This also leads to some frustration since you can spend hours battling and memorizing the first five or six levels of Barbarian and will still be only 15-20% of the way through the game. Because the game is so well designed and each turn in the cavern opens up new visual delights, being de nied seeing those is irritating.
One other thing: fighting your way to Necron's lair, destroying the crystal of evil and conquering all his evil defenders isn't enough. After all that effort, you still have to get back to the surface and the marshes Continued on pg. 115
SPECTRUM HOLOBYTE PRESENTS
A MYSTERY IN BLACK AND WHITE INTRIGUE! The plot thickens...Someone kidnapped your brother, Joe! Was it the hard-boiled agent, Kruger? The urbane third-world ambassador? His gorgeous secretary Lisa? Why does the Post reporter-lady know so much? You'll find out "who dunnit" by talking with the people you meet in D.C.'s streets, hospitals, bars, malls, embassies...Listen to what they say and watch their expressions change. There are over 2000 solutions! Solve cases yourself at three levels of difficulty or compete with up to 3 other players. Pick either male or female interaction. Good luck
unraveling your next INTRIGUE! on Apt* 148K and CormMore HK
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Spectrum HoiaByte 2061 Challenger Drive
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Intrigue' Copyright 1386. Kmemation. Soko-Ban CopyrigMT 19B4. ASCII Corporation Apple II, Commodore 64K, and IBM are registered trademarks of Apple Compuier, Inc. Commodore Electronics Limiiei and International Bus»«ss Machines Corp.. respectively
REVIEWS
Reviewed by Bob Lindstrom
Animator: Apprentice
work, calculating the 28 drawings that will go between the beginning and ending positions. Now we can Audition the action in real time. After a moment's pause for calcula tion, the stick figure springs to life in smooth, fast animation. The instant feed back is very satisfying. The whole process seems simple and, relatively speaking, it is. However, the Ac tion module gets complicated as the ani mation gets complicated. Animating a ba
Computer: Amiga (1 MB Required) Publisher: Hash Enterprises 14201 S.E. 16th Circle Vancouver, WA 98684 Price: % 295.00
A nimator Apprentice is a new Amiga
/I animation program that specializes
sic walk, for instance, requires careful po
in character animation. It won't duplicate |
the ''squash and stretch" genius that made Disney greatâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;even the Amiga
can't yet capture the organic illusion of life achieved by professional animators. However, Animator: Apprentice makes a potent attempt by providing the tools to make your own cartoons, the power to de sign, animate and direct your own Dafiys, Dumbos and Dopeys. Animator: Apprentice consists of seven program modules: The Character module is for the construction of the skeletal stick figures that will be your characters. The Sculpt module puts flesh on those bones by allowing the sculpture and painting of 3D body parts. The Action module is where characters are animated. The Di rector module is a scene editor that pro vides a computerized stage where the ani mator assembles and directs his "actors" and plots camera angles and movement. The Rehearsal module previews scenes in real-time, with stick figure animation, and the Display module plays it back. Finally, the Record module brings to gether all the data from all the modules and draws (renders! the final product as either compressed graphics files or IFF-
compatible graphics files (with frames that can be edited individually with Aegis Images or DeluxePaint). Also included in the three-disk package are a matte disk containing sample char acters and a data disk with examples of animation and scene editing.
Animator: Apprentice requires an Amiga running Kickstart 1.2, 512K of in ternal RAM and at least 512K of external RAM. Hash Enterprises also plans to pub lish A nimator Jr., a consumer version of the product incorporating only some of the Animator: Apprentice features for under $80. Additional data disks of characters and animation for use within the program are also scheduled for release. 42
JANUARY 1988
Hurl by Daniel Wile
Suddenly, the work of animation becomes very time-efficient. Before describing Animator: Appren tice's seven modules, here's how conven tional animation works
Although Saturday morning cartoons look like continuous movement, they ac tually consist of thousands of still pictures flashed quickly before your eyes. Because of a peculiarity of human vision, these se quences of rapid-fire "snapshots" blur to gether into fluid motion.
Conventional animation artists meticu lously draw each new image. The process is repetitive, time-consuming and con tains a large helping of the kind of tedium that a computer takes in stride. Animator: Apprentice is programmed to reduce that tedium. Just load the Action module of Animator: Apprentice and choose a character design. A stick figure of the character appears on the screen. Let's say we've chosen a little man and we're going to make him scratch his head. Animating the figure is like manipulat ing an on-screen doll with moveable joints. Use the mouse to move the doll's aims, hands, legs and head into the start ing position. In this case, standing still with his arms at his sides. Then use the
mouse to "grab" his hand and put it on top of his head. Because the arm and shoulder are attached, they follow the movement automatically. That's the final position. Then select, say, 30 frames to get from the starting position to the final position. The computer jumps in to do the grunt
sitioning of each hand, forearm, shoulder, the head, the legs, the feet and coordinat ing all those movements down to the indi vidual frame. Once the animation is outlined (to use animation jargon) by these "'key" frames, the computer will fill in the gaps with the "tweens" or in-between drawings. And the
entire sequence of movement can be saved to disk and reused by eveiy other charac ter in your disk file of characters. Anima tor: Apprentice automatically customizes the movement to suit the skeletal struc ture of each character. Suddenly, the work of animation becomes very time-efficient. The Director module operates in a simi lar fashion. You load a cast of characters from disk and position symbols to show the characters' location on the on-screen "stage." The Director module also in cludes the option to tilt or swivel the char acters in any direction and the ability to designate camera angles and camera movements during a scene. Additionally, you can locate and move the light source and control the amount of direct and am bient light in their computerized environ ment. In a very real sense, Animator: Ap prentice is like having your own stop-ac tion studio with total control over anima tion, camera and lighting. The Action and Director modules pro vide many more capabilities than those described here. The computer can account for momentumâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;speeding up a body part at the beginning of a move and slowing down at its end. Action can be stepped one frame at a time. And much more. The Character and Sculpt modules are among the most powerful and the most difficult ofAnimator. Apprentice's tools. In the Character module, the animator cre ates a diagram of Bone Boxes, a sort of or ganic flow chart that shows how a charac ter's "leg bone's connected to the knee Continued on pg. 44
CAN BE VERY ENTERTAINING DEFCON 5: The Authentic SDI Simulation.
ENEMY LAUNCH DETECTED ALPHA ZULU 13:43. EXPECT VIOLATION U.S. AIRSPACE 14:09. YOU are at the controls of America's "Star Wars" space-based missile defense system,
DEFCON 5 is an authentic simulation of our Strategic Defense Initiative. Your computer is in command of a network of orbiting visual reconnaissance satellites and an awesome arsenal of sophisticated space-based weapons, The tale of the world is in your hands. You make the split-second decisions necessary to detect, intercept and destroy incoming enemy warheads. Using realistic military commands you control 9 separate weapon systems, including orbiting lasers, neutral particle beam emitters, electro
magnetic launchers, and nuclear-pulsed
Call TOLL-FREE for the COSMI
dealer nearest you, or to order direct. DEFCON 5 is by Paul Norman.
creator of the Super Huey flight simulator series. DEFCON 5 for C-64/128 is priced
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cosmi
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Animator: Apprentice Continued from pg. 42
bone." This chart records the size, length and position of each body part and how it hinges to the other parts, whether it swiv els or pivots or swings wide. Even' part of a character that will be animated must be described here as a Bone Box from eyelid to ankle.
Though the example characters all are
humanoid. two-footed characters, the Character module provides the freedom to design any kind of weird being and then edit or alter it to create new, even weirder beings. How about a Saturday cartoon about two-headed, six-legged zombies whose mouths are on the soles of their feet? Do it. Fortunately, everything can be saved to disk to generate a growing library of parts. Just as individual animations and scenes could be saved in the Action and Director modules, the Character and Sculpt modules provide the ability to save character designs, sculpted body pails and final, fully-detailed characters. With a sizeable library of your own creation, it's a simple matter to mix and match character skeletons, body parts, animations and
frames or if you want to render an entire scene and save it to disk. If you choose to direct the images to disk, you have the choice of a packed format which allows more images per blank disk or IFF format that can be touched-up with DeluxePaint or Aegis Images.
Animator: Apprentice is like
having your own stop-action studio with total control over
animation, camera and lighting. Identify the Director file that contains the desired staging. Enter the range of frames that you wish to create during this session. (You might have to split long ani mations between several disks, i Decide whether you want realistic 3D shading or flat cartoonish lighting. Then take a vacation. The computer ma}- take from five to 20
scenes.
minutes to draw one frame. Even simple reckoning reveals that rendering the final artwork is an overnight job at least. My
The Record module asks if you want to test your work by previewing individual
Amiga labored for 12 hours on 70 frames of a 120-frame animation before it ran out
SUPERTAX
of disk space. Sadly, there is no way to de termine in advance how many of your frames will (it on a disk. Happily, it is pos sible to recover a partially completed ani mation and start the computer drawing again from that endpoint. Hash is cur rently working on a more efficient solu tion to the disk space problem. The final pi-oduct is worth the wait — smooth, dimensional, computerized. 3D character animation in all its glory. When the finest quality is required, it is best to generate IFF files instead of packed disk files. Hash is constantly revising and en hancing Animator: Apprentice and typi cally makes program upgrades available for little more than the cost of disks and postage. There is also a newsletter to keep users abreast of the latest versions and achievements with the program. Animator: Apprentice is a phenomenal program, an impressive programming feat and the kind of innovative break through that Amiga owners have come to expect. With constant upgrades and an in expensive consumer-level version on the way. Animation: Apprentice represents a substantial source of computer animation utility for professionals and a novel source of creative fun for Amiga hobbyists. Q
Get Supertax now and relax on April 15th .
• FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR! • MANY THOUSANDS ALREADY IN USE! • Don't Try to Tackle the 1986 Tax Reform Act by Yourself! Use SUPERTAX personal income lax programs to calculate your tax liability now and have plenty of time to make year-end investment decisions to improve your position. SUPERTAX was developed by a practicing CPA with a Master's degree in tax accounting. Highly scclaimed by tax pros. CPA's and tax preparers. SUPERTAX is easy to understand and a pieasure to work with. Available for Commodore 64 and Commodore 128. SUPERTAX is fully screen-prompted, menu-driven and easy to use. System includes a comprehensive, well-organized user's manual. SUPERTAX instantly recalculates your entire return
SUPERTAX DATA can be stored on a diskette SUPERTAX updates are available at 50% discount to registered SUPERTAX users. SUPERTAX is an essential addition to your
when you change any item.
personal software library — best of all it's tax
SUPERTAX prints directly on IRS forms.
deductible.
FOR
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FOR RETURN PREPARATION
Using either screen or printer output. SUPER TAX generates clear and concise summaries ol Page 1 and 2 and Schedule A of FORM 1040
SUPERTAX PRINTS THE INCOME TAX
allowing you to see at a glance and to quickly comprehend your tax situation This program also prints an OVERALL SUMMARY of the return showing Adjusted Gross Income. Itemized
Deduciions, Taxable Income. Regular Tax.
Capital Gams Tax and Alternative Minimum Tax — all of which are calculated by the program.
SUPERTAX also calculates the moving expense
deduction, allowable interest expense, "passive"
loss limitations, child care credit, medical limita tions, and much more. Input is fast and easy and changes can be made in seconds. This program actually makes tax planning a breeze.
RETURN: SUPERTAX 64 - prints page 1.
page 2 of the FORM 1040 and Schedules A.B.C.D.E and SE as well as FORM 2441. 3903 and 6251 on standard IRS government forms or on blank computer paper for use
with transparent overlays. SUPERTAX 128 — supports all of the above forms plus Sched ules F and R and FORMS 2106. 2119. 2210, 3800, 4136. 4255. 4562 and 4684. All Other
forms and schedules are considered in the
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DEPRECIATION CALCULATION SUPERTAX also includes a stand alone depreciation
program which calculates and prints your complete depreciation schedules using both PRE 1981 rules and the new ACRS rules Output from the depreciation program is designed to
serve as a supplement to IRS FORM 4562 Commodore 6J ana Commodore 128 are TRADE MARKS of Commodore Business Mactimes Cqic
and the entire return is quickly recalculated automatically.
Complete 1987 Edition:
supertax 64
S149
SUPERTAX 128
S169
TO ORDER Call 214/386-6320 or after 5:00 p.m. and weekends call 214/458-7009. MasterCard, visa. Money Orders. Bank Checks and COD Orders Accepted (add 3S surcharge for credit card processing) (Texas residents add 8^ sales lax) (add S5 DO lor COD) (S3 00 Shipping)
Financial Services Marketing Corporation • 500 North Dallas Bank Tower • 12900 Preston Road • Dallas. Texas 75230 44
JANUARY 1988
Results
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Super
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the keyboard, lightpen or 1531 mouse. With the flexible object editor you can create libraries of furniture, electronics,
machine language routines with the built-
etc. as intricate as screen resolution
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REVIEWS
Reviewed by Graham Kinsey
Online! 2.0 Computer: Amiga Publisher: Micro-Systems Software, Inc. 12798 Forest Hill Blvd. W. Palm Beach. FL 33414 Price:
$69.95
When the Amiga was very young and its software base was very small, there appeared a terminal program called Online! When it Brat came out Online! was applauded for its features, which in cluded a huge menu set. macros, script files, multitasking support. VT-100 emu lation, and Xmodem and HVP protocols. As time passed, the Amiga software mar ket grew tremendously, and the Amiga
telecommunications realm was constantly changing, but Online! didn't keep up with the market. As a result, Online! went from the best Amiga telecommunications
program, to just a good one. to just an other Amiga terminal program. Then sev eral public domain/shareware Amiga ter minal programs appeared (first Starterm, then Comm and AMIC) which stalled to embarrass Online! as well. Finally, Online! has been upgraded to version 2.0, and this terminal program has risen from near the grave to climb back to the top of the heap of Amiga tele communications programs. Four new transfer protocols are one sig
nificant improvement in Online! 2.0. Kermit. which is the standard protocol for transfer between mainframes and remote terminals, is now quite common in the Amiga terminal world. On the other hand, the other new protocols in Online! have not yet appeared in any other Amiga terminal program, commercial or PD. The first is Ymodem. an improved ver sion of Xmodem. The difference between Ymodem and standard Xmodem is that while Xmodem transfers in 128-byte blocks. Ymodem blocks are 1024 bytes in size. The original version of Online! con tained a protocol called tPVP (Hayes Ver ification Protocol), which also transferred data in block sizes of 1024 bytes; but HVP became rather unpopular with Online!
owners (due to reliability problems), and has been removed in favor of Ymodem. Assuming your transfer has few naks (er rors, which are usually associated with line noise), increasing the block size can significantly reduce the amount of trans fer time due to error checking. For exam46
JANUARY 1988
Finally, Online! has been upgraded to version 2.0, and this terminal program has risen from near the grave... pie. when I perform file transfers on a lo
cal BBS that runs PC-Board (an MS-DOS BBS program), using Xmodem-CRC pro tocol at 2400 bps, I usually average 165 cps (characters per second I. File transfers under identical conditions, are through put at a rate of about 210 cps using Ymo
dem ia 21c/( increase). In addition to standard Ymodem, On line! also provides Ymodem-batch, which allows you to transfer multiple files in one continuous file transfer. The last new protocol in Online! is Zmodem. yet another improvement for Xmodem. Zmodem has two main im provements over Xmodem and Ymodem. First, Zmodem implements sliding win dows, which can effectively reduce or even eliminate the delay caused by accessing a BBS or on-line service via a packetswitching network, like PC-Persuit. Te lenet or Tymnet. Secondly. Zmodem is far superior in detecting errors during a file transfer. Zmodem is also a very stable pro tocol, in that it has a better chance ofsur viving a shot of severe line noise that might cause other protocols fatal problems. A new feature in Online! is that you can
now tell Online! to automatically redial a busy number. You can also tell it to dial more than one number at once. Online! will even let you set up a queue, scr that you can tell it which numbers to try first. It will normally dial each number only once, before moving on to the next num ber, but you can force it to redia! a number by selecting that number more than once in a queue. Another major change in Online! 2.0 is the graphics and text display. There are two additions to the terminal emulation part of the program. Tektronix 4010 emu-
lation capability has been added. Tektronix terminals display high resolution color graphics and sell for thousands of dollars each. At the moment, the Amiga is the only microcomputer under $5000 that can actually emulate a Textronix 4010 display without costly graphics add-on boards, or gimmicky scrolling tricks in or der to view the full 'lektronix screen. The other addition is that Online! can now ful ly support color ANSI displays, like those you often see when you call many bulletin boards that run MS-DOS BBS programs like PC-Board, RBBS and Opus. In addi tion to being able to display all eight col ors (which many Amiga terminal pro grams can now do). Online! supports all ANSI color commands, including the infa mous dear screen command. (I have seen no other Amiga terminal program that
can handle all ANSI commands, i Support ing ANSI color doesn't make much sense if you don't also support the IBM charac ter set in order to display all those IBM character graphics symbols. Online! has the IBM 8X8 font included on its system disk and now uses the IBM font as its de fault font. Online! also allows you to choose from four different font sizes at any time, even while it's running. One of these new font sizes, the 5X8 font, allows you to display 132 columns within a normal sized screen. However, if you want to dis play more than 80 columns tor more than 24 rows) without having to use a tiny font, then Online! can accommodate you also. Online! can now enlarge its display to take advantage of the overscan area of your monitor, if you have previously nan a program that allows you to use display in the overscan area. (Refer to MoreRows and ScnSizer. reviewed in the November and December installments, respectively, of my Amiga Public Domain column in Commodore Magazine), Another important change to Online! has to do with binary file transfer. Pre viously, Online! did not utilize any buffer for storing data while the binary transfer was taking place. Instead, during a binary file transfer. Online! just read or wrote to the disk each time it had to read or write a 512-byte block of data. Fortunately, this ghastly problem has been rectified. On line! now utilizes a 16K buffer for binary transfers, which is quite reasonable.
Online! was formerly unable to keep up with 2400 baud in terms of screen I/O. Continued on pg. 111
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TECHNICAL TIPS"
by Marshall Freedland and Luis Garcia
Fastload
the two sections. As you begin to open it up, it is important to keep the separation even all around. (Photo 2.) 3) When the cartridge is apart, set the part with the electronic components aside. The other section is where the switch is going to be mounted, but first you have to
Switch
Turn Your Fastload On and OffWith This Easy To Install Switch I still had my 64 when I first bought my Fastload cartridge and it really was worth the investment; it did the job but there were "problems." I had to disable it to run some programs, but that was sim ple. I just pressed the English "POUNDS" key to switch onto the menu screen and then "D" to disable the cartridge. But there was the occasional annoyance of having to actually physically remove the cartridge in order to run some heavily pro tected software because it seemed, for some reason, just disabling did not always work. Still, I was able to live with that. My worst fear was that I would, at some point, absentmindedly forget and either remove or install the cartridge while the power was on, potentially destroying the car tridge and causing very serious damage to the computer. Fortunately that never hap pened. Then I bought my 128.1 found I was not only spending much more time re moving and inserting the cartridge in or der to switch back and forth from the 64 mode to 128, but I was also beginning to cause significant wear and tear on the car tridge, the computer connectors and my nerves. Needless to say, my fear about for getting to turn off the computer when I was inserting or removing the cartridge was compounded now that I was doing this more often. It was time to come up with a better solution. Because of the limited space on my desk there was not enough room behind my computer to in stall one of those multi-cartridge loaders I'd seen advertised. The cartridges are in stalled vertically and the placement of my monitor would not allow for this. When I explained my dilemma to my friend Luis, he said, "No problem, we'll put in a switch." If you follow along with the instructions you should have no trouble installing this small switch in your Fastload cartridge. This whole project should take you no longer than an hour, and upon completion it should save you time, wear and tear, and eliminate the fear and worry of acci dentally ruining your cartridge (or com puter). You should be forewarned that by 50
JANUARY 1988
Photo 1
installing the switch you are in effect void ing any warranty. Also, those who at tempt this project should have some fa miliarity with soldering. You will need the following pails and tools (Photo 1): A small screwdriver A phillips screwdriver Three inches of double stranded wire A soldering iron and solder A small SPST switch (Radio Shack #275-645. Cost: approximately $1.49) A sharp knife A 13/64 drill bit and drill
locate where the hole is to be drilled. I drilled just between and below the "P" and the T in EPYX, above the "a" in "Fast." You have some options here as long as there is room below for the switch in the cartridge when, it is closed. Carefully drill the hole where you have decided you want it. The next step is soldering the wires to the switch. Prepare the wires by stripping away about 1/4 inch of the insulation and then tin all four ends and the two poles on the switch. (This entails coating them all with a small amount of solder.) Then care fully solder two wire ends to the two poles on the switch. Make sure they are not shorted.
Getting Started
1) The first step is getting the cartridge open. This is done by locating the small phillips screw that holds the two sides of the cartridge together. It is located in the center of the cartridge and near the bot tom of the letter "a" in "Fast." Take the knife and, starting near the bottom of the letter "a," gently cut around the screwhead. If you desire, you can re-glue this small piece later, so be careful removing it. Remove the phillips screw and set it aside for later assembly. Next, make a cut along the paper in the rear of the car tridge following the seam already in the cartridge.
H
m
m
â&#x2013;
--
O
11
,,-^H,,:*| Photo 3
4) After the wires are soldered to the switch, locate the ninth position edge con nector. Now, carefully cut the trace. Basi cally what you are going to do is place a switch across this cut. Make sure there is a small but definite separation. Now, scrape away just a little of the solder mask on each side of the cut on the trace. Take the soldering iron and tin the areas you just scraped making sure NOT to apply too much heat. Just a small amount of solder is all you will need. Work quickly so the heat does not build up. (Photo 3.)
Photo 2
2} With the screw removed and the pa per label slit, grasp the cartridge at the sides and at the opening and gently pull it apart. This may be the most difficult part of the whole procedure, so be careful not to crack the plastic case as you apply even pressure. You may need to use a regular screwdriver to help start and to pry apart
Photo 4
Continued onpg. 52
Acknowledged by our customers...
Through 5 man-years ol research and
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Technical Tips/Fastload Switch
64 and 128 Software Reviews/Aliens — Continued from pg. 30
Continued from pg. 50
Myfriend said, "No problem, we'll put in a switch." 5) Take ends of the wires that you have already soldered to the switch and gently solder each end to the scraped and tinned trace. It is not critical which wire is sol dered to which side, but be very careful not to apply too much heat. Just a little should do the trick. iPhoto 4.)
draulic whine of loader arms doing battle with the alien queen. Every game has its own group of sounds, each noise support ing the action on the screen effectively. In conclusion, Aliens is a unique pro gram for several reasons. First, it re creates key scenes from the movie of the same title and dares you to walk a mile in the shoes of a Colonial Marine. Six tough assignments will test your powers of ob servation, while putting you on the spot to
I had the chance to talk briefly with Steve Cartwright, the leader of the Aliens de sign team. Here are some of his thoughts and some tips for playing the game. Jermaine: What led to the development of ! Aliens'? I Cartwright: Believe it or not, Activision owned the software rights to Aliens a year before the movie appeared in theaters. However, the in-house programmers, art ists and game designers knew nothing Photo 5 about that arrangement. After seeing 6) After you have soldered the wires Aliens one afternoon, we all left the the from the switch to the trace, you must cut ater with the same idea: Aliens would be a small notch on the rib of the top section the perfect subject for a computer game. of the cartridge. Use your knift to cut The next day I brought up the idea and awayjust enough so that the wires will not found out that Activision already owned be crimped when the cartridge is back to the rights to that particular property. gether. Now insert the switch in the hole Jermaine: Can you tell me more about the and then screw in and tighten the retain early days of the project? ing nut on top of the cartridge. Cartwright: We planned out the entire 7) Re-assemble the cartridge by gently program in fifteen minutes. It was just a squeezing it back together and replace the matter of analyzing the movie, breaking it phillips screw. (Photo 5.) Now install it in \ down into key scenes, and coming up with the slot in your 128 or 64 (Make sure it is a game concept which recreates each par turned ofil) Turn on the computer. If noth ticular situation. ing happened, the switch is in the OFF po The games were designed to share a sition. Turn off the computer, switch the common quality. When you participate in switch, and turn on the computer again. an Aliens challenge, your fate is truly in your own hands. Each game is a tough lit You should now see the familiar Fastload message on your screen. If you didn't get tle assignment where experience is the best teacher. You can play to win or ex these results, it will be necessary for you periment with different ideas, but you to go back and re-check each step of the can't blame the failure on random events instructions to find where you made a or bad luck. These factors simply don't mistake. Check for shorted wires and bad exist. (cold) solder joints. If all worked well, it Jermaine: Did 20th Century Fox ask you will not be necessary to remove this car | to make many changes in the finished tridge again unless you need to install a program? different cartridge. Changing the switch while you are in either the 64 or 128 mode Cartwright: There were some minor prob will have no effect at all. Tb use the switch lems alright, but nothing we couldn't take you must turn the computer off (or use the care of right away. Twentieth Century Fox was very concerned about the fact that our reset button! and choose one of your op transitional scenes contained direct tions: Fastload on—(or off) in 64 mode by quotes from the shooting script. I was led holding the COMMODORE key; or Fastload off to access the 128 mode. If you like, to believe that Activision might have to pay for the privilege of using that materi you can affix a label on your 128 to indi al in the program. Thank goodness our le cate which direction the switch should be for a specific function. 52
JANUARY 1988
Q
gal people investigated the situation and
make quick decisions at a moment's no tice. Good graphics, special music, and a number of interesting sounds were also added to the scheme of things. The final result is a superior product which simulta neously challenges and entertains the person behind the joystick. Ifyou have the guts to pilot a drop-ship, call the shots for a marine unit and wage a private war against an intelligent creature from an other world, Aliens is definitely your cup
of tea.
said everything was fine. Another problem concerned the fact that you couldn't say the aliens were kill ing people. They were actually capturing human beings for later use (which would be the cause of their death). We also had to use the correct terminology for every thing. You couldn't talk about a small alien creature crawling around on the floor. These little devils are called "Face Huggers." In short, the owners of the li cense were concerned about legal techni calities, correct terminology, and "good taste" at this time. We had kept in close contact with 20th Century Fox through out the making of the program, so they
knew all about the games and really liked
the finished product. Jermaine: Would you share some tips for playing Aliens? Cartwright: The Armored Personnel Car rier is always located in the same corner of the building. Learn to move the ma rines in that direction and you'll eventual ly find it There are two basic rules to follow when you use the flame thrower: (1) destroy the fast-moving aliens by shooting blasts of fire in their direction and (2) use the flame of the weapon to back off slow-moving creatures.
The Newt Rescue Race is a race against time, where Ripley must conserve her am munition in order to survive. When you confront the alien queen in the nest area, shoot at the nest, and the queen will move over to protect the eggs. Now is your chance to slip by her in the confusion and proceed to the elevator. The best strategy in the One-On-One Confrontation is to keep hitting the queen with the power loader claws until she weakens substantially. While this boxing match is going on, the claws should also be used to keep the alien at bay. At the proper moment, grab the creature from below and eject it from the ship. One more thing—don't make your move on the alien queen too early in the battle. H
IBM £ compatibles.
The pros may be the best, but
these players are definitely the baddest. Presenting the Street Sports™ Series from Epyx. In Street Sports Basketball, you'll shoot hoops in dingy alleys. Playgrounds. Parking lots. Occasionally, even the
suburbs (have fun drib bling on the lawn). You'll pick your threeperson
team from
toughesrO players in
the neighborhood. There's hot shooters and slow dribblers. Team players and show-offs.There's guys who can shoot the eye
Sometimes its best. take a pass.
out of a needle at 20 feet. And guys who couldn't sink one if they were sitting on the back board. Pass on the run. Get that big man on the inside. Let 'em from the corners. real street trategy Take a hook shot. A tip-in. Bounce the ball off the chainlink fence, then go for the basket. Or power through a slam dunk. But don't dribble in the oil slick. And for heavens sake, watch out for windows. It's not like any basketball game you've ever played on a computer. But just like every basketball game you've ever "played for real.
"another hit
\iftice that somebody
just stole second base. Funn$
it was here a minute ago.
It's bottom of the ninth. Batter's 0 and 2. The
score—well, maybe it's time to take up bridge. Introducing Street Sports Baseball. It's not going to be as simple as you thought to be the .
first on your block. After all, you'll have to cope with makeshift diamonds, bases made from spare tires and trashcans, bushes, rocks, even squealing cars. Not to mention 16 neighbor hood players. Each with their own personalities and skills in pitching, hitting and fielding. With the right combination, you could be the champs. With the wrong combination, the chumps. You'll pick the place. The team. The positions. The strat egy And then, you'll be right in the middle of it all. With a split-screen view from above and up close. It won't be easy. But it's right up your
alley Apple It & compatibles. Commodore 64/128, IBM & compatibles.
SNOOPS
SCO&OPS
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the planet to grind to a hall early
research
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they announced that the Earth was
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endangcrment
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Thursday, reversing its direction and
charges of dog munching, poodle
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when
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inches.
MixMastcr blender set on "puree!"
SPINNING IN
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POODLE!
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Extras! Extras! Read all about 'em!
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The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
by John lovine
TECHNICAL TIPS
Interfacing Commodore's User Port, Part 6
Building a Digital Camera, Part 2 Welcome to part two of the digital camera series. Sorry about missing that month in between, but I'm sure you will find that my time has been well spent. In this article we will construct the camera and program it for the low-resolution screen. I have included a number of options into the program such as gray scaling, coloration and on-the-fly timing changes.
Low Resolution Screen The low resolution screen we will use this month is 40 pixels by 2 (16) pixels. The reason I gave the row quantity as 2( 16) is that the program divides each text screen byte into two vertical ly stacked pixels. This makes our overall vertical resolution 32. Therefore our effective resolution is 40 X 32. which equals 1,280 pixels per screen. In part three, I plan to jump into the bit map high-resolution screen with a 128 X 64 pixel screen. You may be thinking to yourself "Fine, but why are we bothering with the low-resolution in the first place?" The reason is that experiments in edge detec tion, character and pattern recognition, and neural networks will be much easier to accomplish with the low-resolution (1,280 pixel) screen. It should be obvious that manipulating 1,280 pixels (or 640 bytes) of information is much easier and quicker than 8192 bits of information on the high-res screen. Additionally on the lowres text screen, addresses proceed in an orderly fashion. Starting at address 1024 in the upper left hand corner through address 2023 (bottom right). This order makes programming sub-scan ning programs for edge detection, pattern recognition and neu ral networks that much easier. Did you notice that the entire low-res screen is composed of only 1000 bytes, yet we are reading 1,280 pixels. The 1,280 pix els is our effective resolution, remember we are splitting our text bytes into two pixels. This means that we are usingjust 40 X 16 bytes of screen memoiy.
Extended Field of View
The photosensitive area of our chip is rather tiny, and with the low-resolution screen we are compounding the problem by using only 1/6 (40 X 32) of the pixels available to us in either one of the 128 X 64 pixel banks. This could make our processing diffi cult if we had to fit an entire image onto that tiny section of the
matrix. Tb alleviate the problem somewhat, I decided to extend the field of view (FOV) of the camera. I accomplished this by ac
cessing every other pixel, horizontally and vertically on the camera chip. So although our resolution is still 40 X 32 pixels on the screen, we are reading the image off the chip as if it were 80 X 64 pixels. The skipped pixels make the edges of the object a little choppy, but as you can see from the photos it's not too bad. I also centered the FOV on the matrix rather than leaving it to ei ther side. This makes aiming the camera easier. 56
JANUARY 1988
Black and White Camera
The black and white camera (BW) operates at three to four frames a second. This is substantially faster than the gray scale camera and affords a real-time image. Besides being an excellent camera in itself, it is also useful for aiming and adjusting the camera before going into the gray scale mode. In fact I advise you not to enter the gray scale cam era any other way, especially when you are still a beginner. Be cause of the additional time the gray camera requires, images will smear across the screen if the camera is moved during im age processing. This can make aiming the camera somewhat frustrating. Therefore it behooves you to have the camera at least partially aimed and adjusted beforehand. As you gain ex perience using the camera, you may find that pre-adjusting it in the B/W mode is no longer necessary before entering the G'S mode. As stated, the program splits each text byte into two pixels â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
let's take a closer look at this and see how it operates. Tb divide each text byte I implemented four programmed characters. One white, one black, one top white bottom black and one top black bottom white. Depending on the scan number and feedback from the camera, the computer will choose the appropriate byte and store/display it on the screen.
Gray Scale
The gray scale camera gives us four shades of gray with one background color. How the camera interprets the binary infor mation from the camera chip for the gray scale is based on indi vidual timing cycles of each gray scale scan. Tb achieve four gray scales we are using four separate scans, each with its own timing cycle. If you remember, in part one we stated that after a memory cell was charged to +5 volts, light falling on the cell would in
crease the rate of discharge in proportion to intensity and dura tion.
If the light intensity is such that a cell is discharged below the
binary "1" threshold, lets say in the first scan/cycle, that mem ory cell (pixel) is read as a binary "0" and displayed as a white
pixel on our monitor. Further let's say that another memoiy cell lying next to it (second pixel) discharged just above the thresh old, Remember from part one during any read or write to a cell all memory cells lying in the row are refreshed, so at the same time our computer is reading the information, all the memory cells that did not fall below the binary "1" threshold are re-
Technical Tips/User Port, Part B freshed at + 5 volts. So the computer reads that second pixel as a binary "1," displays a black pixel and continues. What this boils down to is that the timing cycles are not addi tive. On our second scan we can't add a little time to the first scan and expect to read anything new. Our second scan must start from scratch (as far as timing is concerned! and last longer than the preceding one. To continue let's say the computer is now running the second scan and has waited 50 percent longer than the first scan, now that second pixel (memory cell) has fal len below the binary "1" threshold, the computer reads that memory cell as a binary "0" and displays it as a light gray pixel. This procedure is followed for all shades of gray. After the four shades of gray have been scanned, the program resets and starts over.
One point I would like to mention on the display procedure is that once a pixel has changed, subsequent scans will not alter the pixel any further, until reset. This must be included in the program or the screen would constantly go black. The computer would read all previously changed pixels and currently changed pixels as the same and would therefore display all of them at current gray level. I hope I didn't bore you with the above dissertation on timing, but this information is critical when you begin adjusting the timing on the gray scale camera. I've provided on-the-fly timing changes as well as a menu option on the main program. At the time I was writing the program I was undecided whether I should allow the user to adjust and control the timing of the scans. I could have taken the easy way out by plugging in what I thought was a general default value. But I realized that all lighting conditions couldn't be met with one timing. Since flexi bility breeds innovation and experimentation and inflexibility obsolescence, I opted to have the timing user adjustable.
256 Shades of Gray Although we are using only four shades of gray in our pro gram, you should be aware that it is possible to generate 256 shades of gray. Before I describe the procedure to do this, let's first examine our four gray scale generation. We are using the extended background mode as described in the Programmer's Reference Guide. Each gray scale scan is associated with one of the background color registers. This is how we also provide col oration, but we will come back to this later. In the default mode. we begin scanning with white, then light gray, medium gray, and dark gray all with a black background. To generate a 256 gray scale you must employ a technique known as dot dithering. How dot dithering works is similar to the procedure we use to split our text byte into two vertical pix
els. They both employ programmable characters. The computer generates each character on an 8 X 8 matrix. That equals 64 dots per character. Which dots are turned on or off generate the character pattern displayed. By turning off the standard charac ter generator and programming our own characters we can gen erate 64 shades of gray. We do this by progressively turning on the dots one at a time for each character. Starting with one dot turned on in the center and progressively adding dots for each new character until we end up with all the dots turned on for character #64. (If this section on programmable characters is confusing, see Programmer's Reference Guide.) Tb continue to our 256 shades we employ the extended back ground mode with our 64 dot dithered programmed characters. Now we have four backgrounds: white, light gray, medium gray and dark gray. Four backgrounds with 64 dot dithered gray
scales for each background comes to 4 X 64, or 256 gray scales. Although it is possible to do this it would increase the process ing time tremendously. A more realistic attempt would be a 16 or 32 gray scale.
Coloration Coloration is simple once we have the gray scale into place. A color is assigned to each extended background register instead of the default gray scale. This option is provided in the main pro gram. By choosing that option on the menu, each color you enter in the sub menu for a particular scan will be displayed. It is in teresting to note that the coloration can be implemented with the fast scan black and white camera. The first and last colors picked in the coloration menu will be displayed with the black and white camera. This is the kind of technology used by astronomers and movie producers. If you have ever seen an astronomical photograph that had colors assigned to each B/W density, for improved im age resolution, this is how they accomplished it. The photograph runs through an image enhancer that assigns a color to each density. The machines sensitivity is much greater than the hu man eye in determining B/W density. Similar techniques are used in coloration of old black and white movies. The CCD technology used in video cameras, eye in the sky satellites, text readers, image enhancers and a host of other ap plications are very closely related to what we are doing and what we are doing with it.
Timing Timing changes can be implemented on-the-fly during cam era operation, or from the main program. The > key will in crease timing, the < key will decrease the timing. The timing is changed by one millisecond for each screen scan that the key is held. If you are operating in the gray camera mode, each one of the timing cycles will be affected. There is a kink in the on-the-fly timing changes you should be aware of. If you decrease the timing beyond 0 milliseconds, the timing will roll over to 255 milliseconds. This will show itself as a tremendous increase in scan time. On the other hand, if you increase the timing past 255 you will roll over to 0. At any time, if you should get stuck or lost in the timing, I advise pressing
the "R" key which will return you to the main menu. There you can check, adjust or correct the timing by choosing the timing option for the camera you're currently operating. The menu op tion has the added advantage of reading the current scan times, that enables you to see where you are before modifying. Since the program uses every microsecond available for pro cessing, the keyboard is only checked once per screen scan. So you will have to hold down the key until the computer sees it, this may take one or two screen scans. In the fast scan B/W mode the menu will appear almost instantaneously. Alas, in the gray camera a couple of screen scans take longer.
Construction
As I promised in part one, our camera uses no additional cir cuitry aside from our computer. The most critical aspect of con structing the camera is the lens. The lens must be at the proper
distance to be focused on the matrix of the digital camera chip. If you use the same components I have, then all the measure ments have been taken care of. In the future if you would like to use a better or different lens or case, you will have to redesign the camera a little to place the lens at the proper focal length. COMMODORE MA3AZINE
57
Technical Tips/User Port, Part 6
Lenses
The lens we are using for the camera is a surplus lens avail able from Edmund Scientific Co. (See parts list). I chose this sur plus lens because it is very inexpensive for the quality. It is much easier to mount than a standard lens, since as you can see from the picture, it has its own housing, which means we don't have to build one. We can easily mount this lens on our camera housing with little or no hassle. The lens has an adjustable iris, (f-stop) that controls the light entering the camera, a valuable aid for various lighting conditions. This feature itself is worth the cost of the lens. It expands the operational latitude of the camera.
Begin construction by drilling the holes in the case for the lens and switch. The lens hole (approx. 5/8" diam.) is centered on the face of the case (See photo). Try for the best fit possible. With a good close fit you can actually screw the lens on instead of glu ing it on with epoxy. Do not install the lens at this time, just drill all the holes. If you plan to add a small tripod as I have, drill an additional hole in the bottom of the case. We are using two PC boards with this project, one that comes with the case, and an additional PC board that facilitates solder ing and wiring the IC socket. Later these two PC boards will be mounted together. Using ribbon cable begin soldering the card connector to the IC socket. Make sure the IC socket is centered on PC board #276-159 (See photo and schematic). Then solder the wires from the IC socket to the joystick plug RS# 276-1538. Solder in the capacitors to the IC socket. Note that both ground wires from the power supply and the user port must be connected to the chip for operation.
Now begin construction of the power supply (See photo and diagram). Use a small piece of perforated board to mount the
four resistors, then make all the connections to the mounted re sistors. Try to construct the power supply as you see it in the photo or as close to the photo as possible. Since it will be in stalled in the camera housing permanently, neatness counts, es pecially when you're installing in a small space. The power supply is bi-polar, meaning it supplies both posi tive voltage and negative voltages to the camera chip. Notice the switch we use to turn the power on and off is a double pole. Do not substitute this type of switch, since both grounds for each battery must be turned on and off for proper operation. If you try to use a single pole switch and disconnect the main ground, elec tricity will still flow through the circuit, killing the battery and possibly destroying the camera chip. You can check switch operation and the power supply with an inexpensive VOM from Radio Shack, $7.95, catalog #28-4012. If you have been following this series and building the projects, it's time you get one if you haven't already. When you wire the power supply to the IC socket use a mini mum of six inches of wire. This will make changing the batteries easier when they wear out.
Pre-Assemble Test
When you have gotten this far you're ready to check out the camera. Do this before installation, in case you need to comect any wiring error. Get the second IC socket that came in the package and install the camera chip onto it. Thafs correct, we are using both IC sockets, this brings the camera chip to the cor rect height in the final assembly. Insert the joystick socket into joystick port #2. Insert the card connector into user port, turn on computer. Load main program, from the main menu load B/W camera. When you are returned to the main menu, run the cam era. At this point the camera screen should appear on the main screen. Turn on the power to the camera. Depending upon the
Photo 1. The finished camera with lens and tripod.
Photo 2. Power supply completed with batteries.
Photo 4. Black and White cup.
Photo 5. Gray scale cup.
Photo 3. Power supply installed and wired to camera chip board.
Photo 6. Hand in front of white screen. Continued on pg. SO
58
JANUARY 1988
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Technical Tips/User Port, Part 6 Continued from pg. 58
Bi Polar Power Ground Connections
amount oflight available the screen could be either black, white or some combination. If it's black, make some light available to chipâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the entire screen should then go white. If it's white to be gin with, cover the chip with your hand to block the light â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the screen should go completely black. If the chip passes this test, you can congratulate yourself, you're almost finished. If it didn't, turn everything off, start checking the power supply wires. Check batteries to make sure they are fresh. Finally, check the wiring from the user and joystick ports to the IC.
Final Assembly
We start with installing the power supply. Wrap some scotch
tape around the perforated board holding the resistors to pre vent accidentally shorting anything out. Glue or epoxy the bat
tery holders on both sides of the lens hole, (See photo) install switch in the top hole with the perforated board underneath it. Take your time with the installation. You only have to do this once so don't force any components in. You have ample space. Now get the PC board that came with the housing, cut a chan nel in one end of it for the wires to pass through. Place the IC wired PC board on top of this board and center it, making sure that you don't install the IC wired PC on the copper clad side of the second PC board. This could short out the unit. With the one board centered on the other glue or epoxy them together. You will notice on my prototype I used two rubber bands to secure the boards together, you can do this also if you wish. Now mount the entire board assembly into the housing using the two screws that came with the housing for the board. Final ly, mount the lens, if you succeeded in making a good fit you can screw it in, if not, glue or epoxy. 60
JANUARY 1988
Lighting
When you start using the camera, stall with simple lighting conditions and objects. In other words, start in a dimly lit room with a light on a simple white object such as the cup I have used for illustration. If you arbitrarily start aiming the camera every where, you won't be able to see the forest for the trees. You need to gain some experience adjusting the timing and f-stops of the camera. I detailed the light conditions for the cup, use that for a starting point.
Program Operation
Type in the respective programs for your computer. Take care in saving the programs under the proper names. This is essen tial for the main program to load the camera programs into memory and return. After you have typed and saved the programs, load and run the main program. At the menu prompt choose item 2: "load the B/W camera." The computer will then load the B/W program and return to the main program. Then start the cameraâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;item 7. In the beginning I advise you to use a simple subject to get ac quainted with the digital camera. As a prop use a white cup as illustrated. Copy the lighting arrangement in the diagram. With this set up you can vary the f-stop on the lens and or the timing cycle of the program. Notice the effects each one has on the image. You should see that the f-stop has more impact and should be used to adjust the camera to the basic lighting condi tions. The timing can then be used for fine adjustments. After you're satisfied with the B/W camera picture, return to the main
menu by pressing the "R" key. Once there, load the gray scale
camera item 3, then start it running, Return to the main menu
Technical Tips/User Port, Part 6
by pressing "R" again. Now this will take longer to happen, as I stated before, the keyboard is only checked once per screen scan. Once you're back at the main menu choose the gray timing op tion 5. Change the timing to 50, 60 and 70. The program auto matically returns to the main menu. Restart the camera. Notice the changes the timing has on the digital camera picture. Re turn to the main menu again and choose the coloration option 6. The sub-menu lists ail color codes as you are prompted for the coloration of each scan. Choose whatever colors you like, the pro gram will return automatically after all your choices are en tered. Restart the camera, if you find you don't like the colors or wish to change them simply return to the main menu as before and change them.
Conclusion Many projects say "you will enjoy this for yeara to come" or "cutting or leading edge of technology." I'm saying that this is a tool. With it you can explore leading edge topics like neural net works, character and pattern recognition. But it is still only a tool. It is up to you to use it. I left an open vector line in 1000 for sub-programs that you may want to add for pattern recognition and so forth. Slight modifications in the program will cause the image to stay the same when you return to BASIC from the camera, but that isn't necessary for recognition or networks, that would be esthetically pleasing to the user. If you are inter ested in programming articles for this camera involving pattern recognition or neural networks let us know. We have just scratched the surface. In part three we will jump to the bit map screen, where we can better the resolution by 6X. You may be relieved that this will just involve programming. Due to space limitations, only the 64 listings are presented this month. Next month we will run the 128 versions.
Parts List Item
Qty
Case Battery holders Switch DPDT Circuit Board
i
2 1
1
Part Number Radio Shack # 270-283 RS# 270-405 RS# 275-663 RS# 276-159
Price $3.69 .49 2.49 1.49 _1
in
pkg2
IC Sockets
1
RS# 276-1998
12 volt battery Ribbon Cable Joystick connector .1 uf Disc cap.
2
1 3
RS# RS# RS# RS#
22K ohm Resistors
2
RS# 271-1339
15K ohm Resistors
2
RS# 271-1337
IM-16 D-Cam Images Co. P.O. Box 313 Jamaica, NY 11418
1
IM-16
32.00
Lens
1
E41,146
11.50
1
23-144 278-772 276-1538 272-135
.89 pkg/2 .89 3.59 2.49 .59 nlrir/9
pkg/J
Edmund Scientific
.39 pkg/5 .39 pkg/5
101 E. Gloucester Pike Barrington, NJ 08007
Card connector Digi-Key
1 Continued on pg. 106
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61
ADVENTURE ROAD
by Shay Addams
Quest for Sequels
of the game, import a character from City. Unless you've got a strong character ready to go, consider this an advanced-lev el game. Even with such an asset the
News and opinion from a leading explorer of those fantasy realms called adventure games. Just as television has its summer reruns, adventure gaming has its summer se quels. I returned from an all-too-brief va cation to find three of them lurking in the shadows of my monitor Eternal Dagger (sequel to Wizard's Crown), Alternate Re ality, the Dungeon (sequel to Alternate Re ality, the City) and Roadwar Europa (se quel to Roadwar 2000). Judged solely as a sequel, Dungeon is the most impressive accomplishment. One reason is that the original game lacked certain things — a goal, for exam ple, and magic spells — that most adven turers expect in such a scenario. City of fered many opportunities for mapping and developing a character through combat, but the program's sole purpose was to en able you to build up a character strong enough to survive future installments in the series. (Alternate Reality is planned as a seven-part series in which each area, contained on a separate disk, can be en tered from one or more of the others.) This seemed like a waste of time to me and still does, especially since it took them over a year to come up with a program in which City characters could finally be used. That program is Dungeon, set in a fourlevel maze beneath the City of Xebec's De mise, where you were originally dumped after being kidnapped by aliens and left on this planet. Your long-range goal in the series is to escape, which can't be accom plished in this game, whose goal is simply to escape the Dungeon. Dungeon's strongest new feature is its introduction of Guilds. There are six Guilds, such as the Wizards of Law and the Guild of Chaos, and your good/evil alignment is determined by your choice. In addition to typical attributes such as strength, the program keeps track of your actions and how they relate to your align ment, A Wizard of Law, for example, who kills a member of a good Guild can be rep rimanded or even ejected from this Guild. Guild membership also entitles you to a locker where you can store weapons and loot, a Guild ring that empowers you with spell-casting ability, and a chance to learn 62
JANUARY 1988
game is still tough and should give any
dungeon-delver a good run for his money.
Shut That Window!
Sequels have always been a mixed blessing. and practice magic spells — none of which were possible in the original Alternate Re ality. (Yes, I found it hard to believe some one had done a fantasy role-playing game without magic spells, too.) Combat hasn't changed much, for you still carry primary and secondary weapons that may be switched during combat, but the inclusion of spellcasting makes a dramatic differ ence during encounters. The maze is a 64 X 64 grid, and with four levels that amounts to more than 16,000 locations. Mapping, however, is easier than in City. Although you still ad vance only a few inches with each move, not a complete map square, wooden beams in the walls clearly mark each square. You can also obtain a compass that proves handy, and the location spell will reveal your precise location according to its north and east coordinates. Music and song accentuate many en counters and discoveries. Enter a Guild, and the lyrics of a song appear in big let ters while a tune plays. One by one, each word is highlighted in time with the mu sic, and this variation on the "follow the bouncing ball" routine adds atmosphere and occasionally drops a few clues. You get a first-person view ofyour location and any monsters. Graphically the game looks better than City, even tossing in a bit of spot animation here and there, though it still can't compare with the lush illustra tions of Bard's Tale. It is possible to create a fresh character for Dungeon. It is also possible to swim the English Channel, but most people find it easier to take the ferry. So unless you're looking for a hard time in the early phase
Built around the interface and combat routines seen in Wizard's Crown, Eternal Dagger makes you responsible for the lives of up to eight characters as they at tempt to defeat the hordes of monsters in vading the Middle World and seal the De mon Portal through which they entered. (Tb do so they'll need the magical weapon for which the game is named.) No revolu tionary features are introduced in Dagger, but the animated combat is more detailed and faster, and other routines function more smoothly. Your party now moves as a unit while in a dungeon, so you don't have to use the "follow" command that of ten led to characters getting stuck in cor ners, and some of the rarely-used combat commands were eliminated. Outdoor scenes are better illustrated, and the pro gram's overall feel is more polished and enjoyable than Wizard's Crown's. The magic system is unchanged, offering 20 spells, but this intermediate-level chal lenge is really designed for the "long swords and chain mail" crowd anyway. There aren't as many puzzles as in
Crown, for this is an even more combat-
oriented scenario. In battle, you can choose a quick or tactical fight. The latter allows you to pick one of 22 combat com mands — use magic, aimed attack, and so on — for each of your warriors and wiz
ards via one-keystroke commands. My first battle occurred moments after I hit the aerial-view countryside, and it took
me over 30 minutes to wipe out two dozen zombies and ghouls. The quick combat op tion saves time, but prevents you from us ing certain items and spells. So unless you truly enjoy wargaming as much as you do
adventuring, Eternal Dagger will seem
more like "eternal combat" to you. Still, someone who completed Dagger recently says the monsters are easier to beat than in Crown, which he gave up on in disgust haliway through.
On the Roadwar Again
When the going gets tough, the tough get going — and if you've already wiped Continued on pg. Ill
Presenting.The Future Of Business. The Commodore Amiga 2000
A
Desktop Presentation System. The Next Step Forward.
Commodore' presents a major breakthrough in the art of present ing ideas. Introducing Desktop Presentation with the Commodore Amiga" 2000. It's the personal busi ness computer that's also a complete desktop publishing center, video production studio, and live presen tation workstation—giving you access to professional-quality results at a fraction of the cost of outside suppliers. Desktop Publishing Color. It's the next generation in desktop publishing. And with the Commodore Amiga 2000, you can
toppingjuggling QCt, Since the Commodore Amiga Is the worlds first multi taskingpersonal
business computer, you can actually run severalprograms
slm ultaneo usly.
Strictly Business For your everyday business needs,
Enjoy true w freedom ofthe press ivith Gold Disks'" Professional Page1" desktop publishing software Even make color separations with resolution
ashigh as2400dotsperInch
create your own catalogs, brochures, and magazines in up to 4096 colors.
There's a big advantage in black and white, too. Since the Commodore Amiga 2000 can display 16 levels of
there's WordPerfect' word pro cessing. Advanced database and spreadsheet programs. Complete networking. And the Commodore Amiga is the world's first multi tasking personal business computer, so you can actually run several programs at the same time. So take a step into the future of business computing. Call 1-800-S7AMIGA to locate your near est Commodore Amiga 2000 dealer.
grey, it gives
a far better
Xetwork TVproducers use the Commodore Amiga to crease
Gtn em a show the\ It
never forget Hooka Commodore Amiga 2000to
aPoIaroid Palette'" and make 35mm slides in up to JQQ6 colors
preview of your laser-printed docu ments than the Macintosh"1 SE
ever could. Desktop Video Video is part of the new language of modern business. But you won't need epic budgets to produce your own corporate, sales, and promotional videos. With the Commodore Amiga 2000 you can create professional-quality
3-D animation. Titles. Wipes. Fades?
You can even paint over video images, one frame at a time.
dazzling graphics and special effects. It can boost the ratings ofyour next business video, too.
Live Presentation
The Commodore Amiga 2000 shines in front of a live audience, too. Create 35mm slides, storyboards, transparencies—even ani mated "electronic slideshows." You'll get all the support you'll need when you're on your feet.
Carrv your whole slide presentation in your shirt
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Makes It Possible.
on-Coitimodoiehaidwareandsoft^jtcTequittd tor »mcjpplit.iTicn* Commodore i* j re^irrcd I udrmjrk of Commodore fclmrtHlicl. Ltd Amtgut j irguTerrdirjtleimrk juJihf Ami^j k'£i>jT:Jiirmjr*dt Lo 15 i trademark of Apple Compulfr. Int WaniFinfrtl i\ 1 rcgisicitd liultnurk of itlt W*dFtrf«TCoipolitico Gold Dlik Jnd ProfCTlioiui hgt irnrJiititulkiolGold Disk, Iru. Poijmid Pjlclt* 11 Jtuderajlk ol P
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TELECOMMUNICATIONS
bv Robert W. Baker
Inside Q-Unk Explore the inner workings of the Q-Link telecommunications service with network pro Bob Baker. Back in the fall, I sat in on an on-line meeting with a number of the sysops who manage the Commodore Community. During the meeting I asked for ideas or hints that might help Q-Link users. Here's a collection of some of the ideas that we hope you'll find useful. With a lit tle luck we'll have more for nature issues. First of all, one issue that seems to con stantly come up is the use of on-line mes sages. Many users think that if someone is on-line, they can answer an on-line message right away. However, that's not always the case! If someone is uploading or downloading files, entering a message
in the message boards, participating in an auditorium event or group meeting, it just might not be convenient or even possible to answer an on-line message. It's always advisable to use an E-Mail message first to contact someone and then use on-line messages once you know the individual is ready to talk. Once you es tablish contact, it might even be better to meet in a People Connection room or one of the various meeting or conference rooms. This can provide much quicker in teraction than on-line messages when needed, or if you're going to be talking for awhile. Most heavy users of the system, like sy sops and myself, try to clear out any cur rent E-Mail messages when they first log onto the system. Then, any new messages that appear while online can easily be no ticed and handled when there is a break in the action. Besides, answering older messages first gives the sender a chance to catch you online with another comment if they need you. Before sending a message to one of the sysops, consider whether your message might be more appropriate for one of the message boards. The sysops occasionally get a number of messages or questions on the same subject. If you post the question on a message board, the Sysop can answer it once and the information will be avail able for a number of people. It also gives other users a chance to add additional in formation. If the answer to one of your questions is 64
JANUARY 1988
long winded, or a sysop is getting a num ber of questions on the same subject, the sysop might post your question and the re sponse on a message board himself. That
way the information is readily available to everyone, and anyone who asked ques tions on that topic can be sent short mes sages indicating where the information is available. This can save a sysop a consid erable amount of time! By the way, if you're trying to contact the sysops, keep in mind that the Byte Bar in the Commodore Community is staffed nightly by various sysops from that area. You might be able to catch the person you want there, and talk directly. Plus, there may be other users or Commo dore Gurus there that could help with a problem as well. On the other hand, use of the message boards gives you access to a wide variety of users with almost limitless knowledge on all sorts of subjects. In many instances, your exact situation may have already been encountered by someone else online who can quickly provide a useful com ment or the solution to your problem. Many people overlook the value of this added support. As a general rule, try to pick the most appropriate place for your message before you post it. Keep in mind that there are special message boards in the classified
section of The Mall if you want to buy, sell or trade something. Such messages should not be placed in the other message boards on the system. Also, posting duplicate messages in different message boards only wastes system resources.
When scanning the message boards in the Commodore Community, be sure to check the "What's New" and library areas for information on the latest happenings, detailed product reviews or more informa tion on various topics. Many people don't realize the large number of informational text files within the libraries besides pro gram files. After downloading a text file, all you need is the Sprint or similar se quential file reader/printer utility to view the information. If you're uploading programs or files to the public domain libraries, please refrain
from including those that have been typed in from magazine articles. Some people still don't realize that these programs are not in the public domain, the magazines own the copyright to any material they print. You'll only waste a sysop's time in processing a file that cannot be made available online.
Some magazines are on Q-Link and may provide copies of their programs from time to time. Additionally, some authors may obtain special permission from a Continued on pg. 117
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On October 14, 1947, an unknown Air
Force captain named Charles E. Yeager made aviation history. Piloting the experimen tal Bell X-l rocket plane, he became the first person in the world to fly faster than the speed of sound. Forty years later, retired Brigadier Genera] Yeager is still in the public eye. The story of his history-making flight was told in the recent movie The. Right Stuff. General Yeager's book (aptly titled Yeager) remained on the best-seller list for months, and the Gen eral himself can now be seen in a series of tele vision commercials. In private life, the master
pilot still finds time to fly a number of different
, Ned Lerner and Chuck Yeager: by John Jermaine
-p
/ â&#x20AC;˘
taking
Computer Flight to New Heights
66
JANUARY 1988
aircraft (both civilian and military). Even to day, he occasionally breaks certain aviation performance records just for the fun of it. Yes, this is the Yeager we all know and admire, but most people know little about his latest project: Chuck Yeager's Advanced Flight Trainer (AFT). This article examines the development of that program and concludes with a few words from General Yeager himself. To get things rolling. I spoke with Ned Lemer, the 28-year-old designer of the AFT. .Jermaine: What inspired you to write the Advanced Flight Trainer? Lerner: During the summer of 1985.1 was shopping around for an inspiration. I really wanted to dazzle the software buying commu nity with a three-dimensional something or other. Simulations seemed to fit into that line of thinking, particularly flight simulations, be cause they tend to merge a knowledge of aerial mechanics and science with the thrill of flying. A second factor also came into play. One of my childhood fantasies was to manipulate the con trols of an ultra-modem aircraft, high above the clouds. Even if I were a pilot in real life, I probably wouldn't be flying any of those air planes, because most of them are used exclu sively by the military. I could fulfill my dream, however, in a software sense by creating a real istic flight simulation, featuring all of the planes I wanted to fly. Jermaine: Did you examine the other flight simulators? If so, what did you think of them? Lerner: After studying the other flight-related software on the market. I arrived at two con clusions: (1) all of the programs were similar in content, and (2) they couldn't hold my atten tion for very long. In many respects, this mate rial reminded me of the driver's education class I had tolerated as a teenager. The pro grams supplied fundamental flight instruc tions, defined a number of aviation terms, explained how to use the switches and gauges on your airplane correctly, etc. In short, you learned the accepted procedures for flying the aircraft safely and how to get from one point to another without becoming lost. Now don't get me wrong. Every pilot has to learn the basic
skills of aviation, but no one said you had to stop the learning process at that point. I want ed the user to fly a number of different aircraft as fast as he possibly could. Once the novice pi lot felt comfortable in the air. he could use sim ple visual instructions to perform a series of complicated aerobatic stunts. My final goal was to make each experience fun and enter taining, instead of resembling a textbook lesson. Jermaine: How was the flight environment of the program developed? Lerner: Flight simulations, in general, have traditionally been created by initially setting up an aerodynamic model. This model is a tiny defined universe where gravity, lift factors, thrust, drag, etc. exist, as they do in the real world. Once the model has been completed, the programmer begins gathering the flight char acteristics of every plane in the program. The information he acquires, for each individual airplane, will eventually be stored as a sepa rate data base within the model itself. We de cided to follow this accepted procedure because no one came up with a better way of doing things. By the way, Gabe Hoffman developed the aerodynamic model for the project. He was the perfect man for the job because Gabe had been a captain in the Air Force and held a de gree in aerodynamic engineering. Jermaine: Tell me more about the problems you faced. Lerner: Commercial flight simulators start out at about $50,000 and go up in price to the mil lions of dollars (NASA uses the most advanced machines). The top-of-the-line simulators have multi-megabytes of memory (1 megabyte = 1,000,000 bytes), with palettes containing over 65,000 colors. We, on the other hand, were dealing with microcomputers. Our machines had 64-256K of memory, and four to sixteen colors on their palettes. After experimenting for a while, I came up with an interesting set of graphics. These pictures could be easily adapt ed for use on both the IBM and 64 computers, while operating on both systems at approxi mately six frames per second. Creating the correct feel and performance of each airplane in the program was another matter altogether. Constructing the data bases was one thing; getting them to operate correct ly was another. It often became necessary to al ter the facts a little to obtain the desired re sponse from the computer. It's also interesting to note that flight simulator people and air craft designers face many of the same prob lems in their work. The most difficult planes to generate on paper, or re-create in a software sense, are the ultra-modern high-performance machines. Naturally, our simulation of an SR71 (nicknamed the "Blackbird") became a ma jor source of headaches around here. It's the
Each of these
planes needs to be analyzed by a trained test pilot, so the user can
literally assume the role of Chuck
Yeagerand learn what makes these planes tick.
fastest aircraft on the planet, and we just couldn't make it fly like it should. In case you're interested, the SR-71 is a military re connaissance jet. It was designed to replace the U-2 spy plane and has probably been flown by fewer than 100 people in real life. Jermaine: Was it difficult getting Electronic Aits and General Yeager interested in the program? Lerner: Electronic Arts was involved in the project almost from the very beginning. Look ing back on things, it's funny to think that we were programming a flight simulator at a com pany located a short distance away from the runways of San Francisco aiiport. By late summer of 1986, we had been work ing on the basic flying progi'am for almost a year. It ran smoothly, looked shaip, and faith fully re-created the performance characteris tics of several different airplanes. Even though the people who saw the progi'am liked it. I se cretly felt it lacked a certain quality I couldn't put my finger on. Several weeks later, Stewart Bonn (VP, Creativity Division) came up with a novel idea which eventually took care of that factor. He reasoned we should get a well-known pilot, like Chuck Yeager, to co-design the prod uct. No one else was even considered for the job, because Yeager is a living legend in the field of aviation. He had flown practically ev ery aircraft we could name, and his influence on the project would add a new dimension of realism and authenticity to our simulation of flight. There was only one flaw in this master plan; I didn't believe it was possible to get General Yeager interested in our work. Stewart had other thoughts on the matter and set things in motion to contact the famous aviator. Our peo ple initially had to explain to him what Elec tronic Aits was. They also convinced him that the project wasn't a risky venture, and his in put, as an experienced pilot, would make the program superior to other flight-related soft
ware on the market General Yeager officially joined the team (on paper) in October of that same year.
Jermaine: Would you describe your earliest de sign session with General Yeager? Lemer: Our first face-to-face meeting took place during March of 1987, in the office of the General's accountant. A party of five had driv en up to Grass Valley. CA, in a pouring rain, to ask General Yeager to look things over and tell us what he thought of the program. As we were sitting there in the office, listening to the rain outside. Rich Hilleman, Associate Producer at EA was first to spot the Blazer entering the parking lot (license plate BELL XI). A few mo ments later, we heard the unmistakable West Virginia drawl outside the door, as pure and easy-going as the man on TV who sells spark plugs with a shotgun. For a brief second, I re 68
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membered the opening scene ofPatton where George C. Scott steps forward, dressed to the teeth, in full military regalia. The door sudden ly opened, and there he was: wearing cowboy boots, blue jeans, and a polo shirt under his racing-style jacket. General Yeager had a trim figure, and his face was tan, well weathered, as if he had spent a lot of time outdoors. The Gen eral stepped forward, shaking hands with the members of the group, but I sensed a certain degree of reservation in his actions. Tb get past this awkward beginning, we loaded in the current version of Advanced Flight Trainer. I flew the simulator for a while, and offered to let General Yeager take over. "I never fooled with these things," he said. "That's because, you know, the damned things are soâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;" he searched for the word, "insignifi cant. The problem," he said, "is how mature do you want to make this dang thing?" Yeager leaned back in his chair and pointed at the P-51 Mustang on the monitor screen (it was the most modern plane featured in the pro gram at that time). "You guys are stereotyped is your problem." he said. "These planes are okay, except people want something more mod ern like an F-14. If you want to really scorch something, hell, you can program the X-31 in there, the aerospace plane," he said with en thusiasm. "Now, see, you got some kid who can say, 'Man, this thing is smoking along at Mach25.'" The ice had finally been broken, and we all began contributing to the conversation. After discussing the subjects of liquid oxygen fuel and the current types of aircraft that are touching the edge of space, the day was practi cally over. In the meantime Glennis, the Gen eral's wife, had invited us back to their house. Now was the moment of truth. We had gone through the entire program and were waiting to hear what General Yeager thought of the project overall. "This thing's pretty dang realis tic," he told us. "You've got a lot of goodies in there." Then a smile appeared on his face. "But in my opinion, it would be interesting to dog fight." (We are currently at work on the sequel: Chuck Yeagers Air Combat Trainer. Unfortu nately, I can't tell you anything more about that project at this time.) Jermaine: Had General Yeager worked with computers before this time? Lerner: Yes and no. Computers exist in the control systems of all modem military aircraft, so I guess you could say he has quite a bit of computer experience. When General Yeager saw the IBM system for the first time, he said it reminded him of the cockpit of an F-20. On the other hand, the General doesn't own a home computer and really hadn't worked with one until the AFT project came along. Jermaine: What was it like to work with the legendary Chuck Yeager?
Lerner: During our design sessions with the master pilot, some interesting situations occa sionally arose. One day we were talking about the joystick and its relationship to the comput er. Every time we mentioned the word "joy stick," the General started laughing a little bit louder. Someone finally asked him why he was so amused, and Yeager said he hadn't heard that term since WWII. We had taken it for granted that pilots called the stick a "joystick," but recently I discovered most of them use the term "control stick." A short time later we were designing the graphics of the objects on the ground. A mem
ber of the group asked General Yeager if he re
membered seeing anything interesting as he flew over the Mohavi (during his earl}- days as a test pilot). ''We never had much time for scenery," he told the individual, ''Besides, Edwards (Air Force Basel doesn't have much to look at."
And now a few words from General Yeager Jermaine: Would you give me some back ground information about yourself, General Yeager? General Yeager: I'm 65 years old and happily married with'four children (two "boys and two girls) and 12 grandkids. And yeah, I have a lot of hobbies. I repair my own cars, do some wood working around the house, sneak off to do a lot of fishing, and still find time to fly on a regular basis. Jermaine: How often do you fly. and what types of aircraft do you use?
General Yeager: Oh, year in and year out I probably average ten or 15 hours a month. Just to give you a feel, this year I've flown F-4's F-15's, F-16's, F-18's, two different types of Harrierjeta (AV-8A and AV-8B), and a lot of light stuff. Jermaine: If home computers and the Ad vanced Flight Trainer had been around when
After working closely with the man for a pe riod of time, it soon became apparent why he's considered to be one of the top pilots in the world today General Yeager seemed to antici you were growing up. do you think they would pate everything we were planning to do and have altered the direction of your life? understood anything we explained to him the General Yeager: Probably not, John, because I first time. It was also great to have someone grew up in a world where mechanical devices around who could answer almost eveiy ques were state-of-the-art. Electronics, as we know it tion we had about a variety of different air craft, while actively contributing fresh ideas to today, wasn't even on the drawing boards dur the group on a regular basis. I guess I was most ing the years leading up to World War II. Most of the kids I knew back then had pinball ma impressed with General Yeager's positive atti chines, if you remember those crude things. tude toward the project. He took things quite We also played a lot of Ping Pong and had oth seriously, seeing the program as an authentic simulation of flight and not merely a game. He er activities which helped us to develop good also permitted us to add the equivalent of mili coordination. I spent most of my time as a tary training to the scheme of things. It was a young man studying internal combustion the ory and the mechanical marvels of the age. As pleasure to work with a man of his caliber. I became older, that knowledge kept me busy .Jermaine: Can you tell me more about the while other people were looking for work. Get Advanced Flight Trainer! Lerner: Basically, the program consists of four ting back to your question, I don't think computere would have helped me very much parts: Flight Instruction, Test Flight, Forma because I was mechanically inclined. tion Flying and Airplane Racing. If you're al ready a pilot, you probably won't learn very Jermaine: Is it true that you became an "Ace" much from the Flight Instruction portion of pilot during a single day of World War II? Was the program. It's there to teach the average that an unusual feat during those days? consumer the basic skills of aviation. General Yeager: In order to become an ace, The Test Flight exercise gives you the per you had to destroy five enemy planes in air fect opportunity to test your new abilities. Of combat. Few people achieved this status dur course, you have to take off and land the plane ing a single mission because: (11 You normally safely, but while you're in the air, the pilot is didn't run into very many German aircraft at completely on his own. He can simply fly one time, and (2) most pilots couldn't survive a around, add a wind factor to the environment, dogfight long enough to do the job. On the day test the performance of his craft, or try to steer I became an ace, I was lucky enough to be lead it through one of the seven 3D obstacle ing my squadron. That allowed me to spray my courses. This segment of the AFT also features fire at the enemy craft as soon as they were three experimental planes of our own design. within range. The rest is history. For the re Each was named after someone who worked on cord, I have accumulated a little better than the project (mine was called the Lerner Aero 14,000 hours of total flying time (in the mili nautics XNL-16 Instigator). We had a lot of fun tary), with about 13,000 of them taking place designing these unusual aircraft, but they in fighters. Continued on pg. Ill)
"Yes, the Bell X-l has its own set of peculiarities, and you will experi
ence them first hand in the Advanced Flight Trainer."
Continued on pg. 110
COMMODORE MAGAZINE
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Adventures at
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Infocom
by Russ Ceccola
At the basis of Infocom's success in the software industry is a collection of hard-working people dedicated to making Infocom games as great as they can be, while maintaining a sense of humor and thoroughly enjoying their jobs. I visited Infocom recently to interview and learn about the people and company responsible for the classic Zork games and many, many others. Airport Entrance You are standing in the entrance of Bos ton International Airport. An exit leads west and a ramp goes up from here. There is a dollar bill here. >TAKE DOLLAR BILL As you bend over to pick up the dollar bill, a little boy runs over to you. leading his mother by the hand. The boy is crying. He says that you took his dollar and. after the mother slaps you for being cruel to chil dren or some such nonsense, the duo walk away. You are left embarrassed and con fused. >GOWEST Outside Airport You have wandered onto the sidewalk out side of Boston International Airport. A cab pulls up in front of you and the driver looks impatiently at you. There is a small white stone here. >TAKE STONE Taken. >GETINCAB As soon as you step into the cab, the driv er floors the gas pedal and you find your
self smashed against the other door. The driver apologizes for the inconvenience and begins to ask you where you're going until he notes the look of mesmerized an ticipation on your face and realizes that you must be headed to Infocom in Cam bridge. "Happens to the best of them," the driver chuckles. >EXAMINE STONE The stone is a small white piece of smooth marble that feels unusually light. >WATT The driver takes you to the front of the building at 125 Cambridge Park Drive and tells you that the fare for the ride is $16.90.
>INVENTORY You are carrying: A wallet. >EXAMINE WALLET Inside the wallet, you find $25 and a mov ie stub. Upon seeing the movie stub, you
universe-on-disk. Hence the name inter active fiction. You control the events in the story and time passes only in relation to the entering of commands. There is no set method to finish a story. For the most part, there are certain things you must do to finish, but the order in which you do them varies, depending on the game. For example, in the above stray, I didn't have to pick up the dollar or stone. Trying for the dollar was a nonsense action, as we found out afterwards. The stone, on the other hand, has some distinct purpose. In this case, it sensed closeness to Infocom's offices. Typical of Inibcom games, you sometimes don't find out the purpose of an object until later in the game or by experi
remember that terribly boring and stupid
menting. Also, examining objects is very
summer movie about the return of a giant shark to claim revenge on a family. >GIVE $20 TO DRIVER The driver thanks you for your generosity and leaves you standing on the pavement in a cloud of dust as he speeds away.
important. I wouldn't have known that I had any money unless I had examined my wallet or that the stone was different in that it was unusually light for its size. The commands that you can use in an interactive fiction stoiy are much more numerous than the two or three I used above. Aside from going in different direc tions and examining objects, you can do all sorts of other things, including attack ing other characters, using objects and talking to characters. There are special commands that allow you to change your playing environment as well â&#x20AC;&#x201D; like SCRIPT, which prints a transcript of your game session on your printer, if you have one. Also, some games have commands specifically made for them (the Enchanter games use CAST for casting spells). Com mands use verb-object relationships to get things done. The structure is easy to learn and in no time you can be playing. Most games also give you some kind of rating or score and the goal of that game is to reach the maximum status or score. "You are standing in an open field west of a white house, with a boarded front door." Sound familiar? This is the first line of what has since become a classic in the realm of adventure games and software, Zork, Four college students at M.I.T. de signed the game after being totally en thralled with Adventure, created by Willie Crowther and Don Woods. The first "ad venture game" ever. Adventure appeared on M.I.T.'s ARPAnet in the Laboratory for
Outside 125 Cambridge Park Drive You are outside the building that houses, among other offices, the headquarters of Infocom, the destination of your visit to the Boston area. A door enters to the east. The stone is glowing with a dark blue light. What you have just read is an example of interactive fiction, the trademark of Cambridge-based Infocom, describing fic titiously the jaunt I recently took from the aiiport to Infocom's offices, For those of you who don't know what interactive fiction is all about, a definition is in order. Infocom interactive fiction games are entirely text games. There are no pictures, moving graphics or space in
vaders that pop up on your screen. Rather, the computer responds to your typed com mands with prose descriptions of your sur roundings, the consequences of your ac tions, what you see. hear and feel, what objects are within reach and which direc tion you can traverse. In an interactive fiction game, you con trol a central character or, in some cases, more than one character, through your commands. You must assume the role of that character as if you were really in that
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Then the imp must account for all other situations that Computer Science about a decade ago. These four men were Tim Anderson, Dave Lebling, Marc Blank and Bruce Daniels, the first three of whom went on to fonn Infocom. along with Chris Reeve, Joel Berez and Stu Galley in 1979. Since then, business has gone up and down, but Infocom's staying power in the marketplace led to a $10 million gross last year. Infocom has sold over two million in teractive fiction titles to date, one million of the Zork trilogy alone. Their place in
the software industry is a direct result of the lengthy and exacting evolution of a
game from conception to the software store's shelves. The initial idea for a game starts with an imp. There is usually a meeting sched uled when an imp decides that he/she wants to start designing a new game. At
Infocom has sold over two million interactive fiction titles to date, one million of theZor/c trilogy alone. this meeting, the imp introduces all of the ideas that he/she has and they are voted upon and talked about. This gives the imp a good idea of which project to pursue. An imp usually takes four to six months to design a game. In that period, many changes will be made in the direc tion the game takes. Each imp has a dif ferent approach to the physical design of the game. Dave Lebling starts by drawing the geography/locations and then popu lates them with the objects and characters in the game. Steve Meretzky writes down
his ideas and develops the story line first. Only after these elements are worked out does he progress further. He then develops the puzzles and finally works on the geog raphy of the game. Designing interactive fiction is not as easy as just coding what must be done to finish the game. That's the first pail. Then the imp must account for all other situations that can occur based on the many strange things that people try.
There has to be a limit. For instance, an imp has to try to think of every possible thing that a person can tiy to do with an object to ensure that there are no fatal crashes. Sometimes, an imp decides that 72
JANUARY 1988
climbing the peach treeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;I didn't want to have to check all possibilities such as players jumping off the tree, cutting its branches, etc."
can occur based on the
many strange things that people try. he doesn't want people to try some thing and makes it impossible to do in the game. For example, in The Lurking Hor ror, on the roof of the Brown building there is a peach tree in a tub. Lebling was originally going to have a puzzle revolve around the tree and a single peach on its branches but instead covered the tree with slime so that it couldn't be climbed. His reasoning: "I wanted to keep people from
Creative Services The Creative Services department is re sponsible for putting together the packag ing for all Infocom games. Consisting of Carl Genatossio (Creative Services Man ager) Elizabeth Langosy (Staff Writer), Gayle Syska (Product Manager) and An gela Crews (Product Services Supervisor), Creative Services makes the game look and read as attractive as possible. Early in the testing stages, Elizabeth, Angela and Carl play the game for about a week to get the feel of what's happening. They think about ideas for a few days and then meet with the game implementor to determine what should go into the game's packaging. After deciding what the pack age will look like and what enclosures will be used, the work is started. Carl con tracts photographers and artists to work on the game's cover and inside art. Eliza beth writes the manuals and any other written material included with the game. Angela investigates appropriate gim micks for the game and the production of these enclosures. Angela Crews has had some interesting experiences in searching out Infocom's trademark enclosures. For Leather God desses ofPhobos, which won an award for Best Software Packaging, she contacted many companies to assemble a large number of samples for the Scratch 'N Sniff1" card included in every package. Game designer Steve Meretzky followed people for days with these samples in hand urging them to guess what the smells were. Another conquest that An gela made was the plastic bug included
Trying to code all possibilities can be very tedious. To avoid burnout, the imps meet once a week to talk about puzzles and how other imps' programs are coming with The Lurking Horror. Again she con tacted numerous companies and had liter ally hundreds of bugs in the drawers of
her desk. Eventually, after rejecting ones that grew in water and ones that were too expensive, the right one was picked. A recent change made by Creative Ser vices was the elimination of the gray pin striped package that opened to reveal the story book for the game. Genatossio ex plains that the package was designed to be browseable in the stores, but that store owners demanded that they be shrinkwrapped to prevent dog-eared copies. "We had this browseable shrink-wrapped pack age that wasn't really browseable any more," remarked Genatossio. Langosy offers, "People found it awk ward putting that box on their computer table to read the book, which was unremo vable. The format forced us to have a booklet for each game, as well. Also, cer tain enclosures couldn't be used because they couldn't fit in the tray." The packaging for The Lurking Horror and Stationfall introduced a new format for Infocom games. The two boxes look very exciting and all of the enclosures are removeable so that examination is easier. Infocom has found that many people buy the games for the packaging. Also, the packaging includes items helpful in the game and, more recently, the enclo sures have become an effective anti-piracy safeguard. The enclosures sometimes con tain code numbers, and these items just can't be duplicated. At any rate, the pack aging of Infocom games is one of the at tractive features of the company's prod ucts, part of the reason the games jump right off the store shelves. a
along. They exchange ideas and trade sto ries pertaining to game design and inter active fiction to get a fresh perspective on things and keep themselves abreast of the others' activities. Other times, these meet ings are just fun. with no talk at all about designing tips. Rather these are an oppor tunity to let off steam that builds up after deciding how many times to allow a play er to mess up in the game before getting killed. Lebling described Infocom's philos ophy: "We try to make each game as com plete and clean as possible. I'm sure we spend far more time in testing than any of our competitors. We work very hard to make things as rich as we can. We don't like nothing to happen in response to the players command if we can help it. We'd rather have the game work so that if you try something reasonable, you'll get some kind of response for your actions." The key word at Infocom is "we." It's not a competition to see which department can do the best in their area of the game, but an active collaboration among all de partments. The relationships that are probably the most important to the fin ished product take place in the second stage of game production, in which Test ing and Creative Services simultaneously do their jobs, while going back to the imps for suggestions and problems they might
have. Creative Services and Testing each
Testing Testing a game is instrumental in re leasing it to the public. At Infocom. the Testing department probably does more than similar departments in most other software companies. The complete testing process takes about four months and causes a lot of headaches for the testers. From internal errors to unexpected re sponses, these people have seen all of the bugs, errors and inconsistencies that Info com games have had in their early stages. Infocom games go through three testing stages â&#x20AC;&#x201D; alpha, beta and gamma. Product Testing Manager Liz Cyr-Jones describes the transition from alpha to beta: "For a game to move out of alpha into beta, the game has to be clean â&#x20AC;&#x201D; free of obvious ty pos and crashes. The story line has to be set, and all of the puzzles and characters and the real guts of the game have to be intact.'' Beta and gamma testing are both done outside the company by unpaid volun teers. There is a group of about 15 people who test the games in these phases. They check for errors and play the game as much as possible. After correcting any re maining errors from the beta stage, the game is passed through gamma phase and is then ready for shipment to the stores.
put in about four months of work in their areas.
Creative Services is responsible for packaging the game and all the neat things that go into the package. Carl Genatossio, Creative Services Manager, ex plains the process: "Elizabeth Langosy (Staff Writer), Angela Crews (Graphic
Services Supervisor) and I play the game
very early in testing for about a week to get the gist of it. We play just enough so that we can create packaging to reflect the world you're about to enter when you slip the disk into the drive. We meet with the imp to discuss what should go into the
Sometimes errors still make it through the system, but after Testing is finished tearing a game apart, the final product is virtually flawless. The testers try 98r< of the possible commands in the game and then continue to try more. Tester Gary Brennan remarks, "We try everything. We beat them to death," This lengthy pro cess of finding the bugs and sending the game version back to the imp pays off in the end when a product is released with a certainty that most of the problems have been tested and corrected.
I used to think that game testers had an easy life, getting paid to play computer games all day. That misconception dis solved when I met this hardworking bunch. They are a collection of sharp minds who unceasingly explore a game from top to bottom. Max Buxton says that after finishing the testing process, bore dom with the game results: "We'll get a game in early alpha and it'll be great. By late gamma, it's not the sameâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;we never want to see that game again." Each tester has his or her own approach to testing. Most agree that you determine your attitude toward a game the first time you play. The testers are given no instruc tions for playing a new product. They sim ply start the game and play it to see what it does. Often, it takes most of alpha to fig ure out what is going on. Games that are received into Testing aren't necessarily complete, so testing in volves a lot of interaction with the imps. When problems occur, the imps can come to the terminal to delve into the code of the game exactly where the problem oc curs. Elements change from revision to re vision like the weather. Besides the test ing of a game, other duties include testing the computer version of the game on the PCs and evaluating other companies' games to keep from being burned out. What are the toughest games that they've tested? Cyr-Jones claimed Spellbreaker was her toughest because the game was already hard and not knowing what to do only made it harder. Brennan picked Norcl and Bert Couldn't Make Head Or Tail OfIt because there was nothing to do in the game except for the wordplay and Beyond Zork because of the random geography that changes every time you play it. Buxton claimed A Mind Forever Voyaging was the toughest be cause the game takes place in a mediumsized town in five time zones and its geog raphy and story line are very intricate, g
package as well. Since we've always made all-text products, we put all the graphics in the packaging. Eventhing in the pack
aging contains clues to something hap pening in the game." Genatossio contracts artists and photog raphers for the package art, Langosy writes the text, for the manuals and in serts and Crews pursues the physical ob jects placed in the game package. Later,
Continued on pg. 118
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z Commodore
AMIGA
1. Computer Systems As
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
"ewTek, Inc. meristar Technologies, In Associated Computer Services CalComp Gold Disk Inc. Anakin Research Aegis Development Inc. Mindware Inc. University of Lowell (Zoxso) Byte by Byte Liquid Light Commodore Business Machines Inc. Software Visions Inc Micro-Illusions Crystal Rose Software Winners Circle System Mimetics Inc.
by Tim Jones
SKJGRAPH '87 What do you get when you invite all of the major producers of graphic development software and hardware to one central California location? In addition to more traffic headaches in the
The conference was spon sored by the Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group (SIG) on Computer Graphics (GRAPH). They brought together the in dustry leaders in the world of computer graphics and anima tion and presented exhibits, lectures and courses based on the world of computer graphics and animation. Exhibits ranged from handson ease-of-use demonstrations, by Silicon Graphics, to static displays showing various pieces of hardware used to add or enhance graphics and ani mation capabilities. Lectures included a panel discussion with students from Los Ange les area schools who have cre ated award-winning graphics projects and discussions on Ray Tracing Techniques (which in cluded a presentation on Ray Tracing JELL-O" brand Gela tin) and Surface Rendering (which involved more math ematics than I was prepared to digest). Courses ranged from beginner's level (Fundamen tals and Overview of Computer Graphics) to the advanced lev el (Advanced Topics in Solid Modeling). In the exhibit hall major cor porations and small companies could show off their products to over 30,000 people at the fiveday show. Among the exhibit booths of the many highm powered companies representg ed, including Cray Research, < Apollo, Pixar, and Alias, was a
very busy booth sponsored by Commodore Business Ma chines. Although most people in the business have yet to take a serious look at the new line of Commodore computers, it was hard for them to ignore Commodore's presence at SIGGRAPH. Aside from the actual Commodore-sponsored booth, companies like Microlllusions (Dynamic-Cad, Faery Tale Adventure), Fairlight Instru ments, Micro Magic (Forms in Flight) and The University of Lowell (MA) had booths of their own where major Amiga demonstrations were being held.
Included in the Commodore booth were exhibits by: Aegis Development Ameristar Technologies Anakin Research Associated Computer Services Byte by Byte CalComp Computer System Associates (CSA) Gold Disk, Inc. Liquid Light Microlllusions Mimetics Mindware, Inc. NewTek Software Visions, Inc. University of Lowell (Zoxso) Winner's Circle System Let's take a look at what each of these companies was demonstrating and what they have planned for the Amiga line in the near future.
Disneyland area, you get SIGGRAPH '87. From July 27-31, the Anaheim Convention Center was transformed into a carnival for computer graphics enthusiasts.
Aegis Development With a large area of the Commodore booth, Aegis De velopment was quite a hit with their new line of Desktop Video products, VideoScape 3D and Video Titler. Company person nel Bill Volk and Michelle Mehterian were among the Ae gis people in attendance along with Allan Hastings, the au thor of VideoScape 3D. These packages allow for very com plete design and control of 3D animation sequences. Even though the demonstrations presented by Aegis were very good, a programmer by the name of Leo Schwab grabbed the spotlight with his produc tion of a take-off on a major corporation's animation se quence that he referred to as "The Dream Comes Alive." Leo's creation ran in real time with Aegis' Sonix music pro gram performing the score on a one megabyte Amiga 2000 to the delight of thousands who came by the Commodore booth.
Ameristar Technologies
Ameristar Technologies' sec tion of the booth was filled up with three Amiga 2000's and a SUN Series 3/100 minicom puter. They were using this set up to demonstrate their line of networking products. Included were methods by which the Amiga line can be networked with other existing systems via the Network File System (NFS) standard, developed by
SUN Microsystems, which is an industry standard. They were also demonstrating an
Amiga-to-Amiga (AFS) net work which allows Amigas to share resources in the same manner as the higher priced mini and mainframe systems. Ameristar's system allows for the use of Arcnet or Ether net (also with Cheapemet in terfaces available) with an Amiga, allowing the Amiga 2000 to operate with equip ment from other vendors. The key to the Ameristar networking ideals is that a net work interface should be trans parent to the user. They have accomplished this in their products for the Amiga 2000.
Anakin Research Anakin Research demon strated their pressure-sensitive graphics tablets known as the Easyl (pronounced "easel") for the Amiga 500 and 2000. The Easyl is a compact tablet that allows for full interaction with the Amiga in the same man ner as the Amiga's mouse. When the Easyl's drivers are installed, the Easyl will send data from your pressing on its surface to your application as if it were coming from the mouse. The Easyl makes it much easi er for most of us to produce art on the Amiga. The demonstration was done from a Workbench environ ment using DetuxePaint from Electronic Aits. The unit is easy to install and takes up litCOMMODORE MA3AZINE
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tie more desktop space than
that required for normal, un hampered mouse operation.
Associated Computer Services Associated^ Keith Masavage was at SIGGRAPH demon strating their E/FX package. This is a storyboard-based ani mation package that allows de velopment of presentations in a very easy to use and edit for mat. The demonstrations be ing shown involved newscastgrade animated weather maps and animated corporate graph ics examples. E/FX is a very high-powered system that was not designed with the hobbyist in mind. Its main thrust is in two-dimen sional animation (unlike the majority of products intro duced) for use in boardroom and television presentation fields.
Byte by Byte
Byte by Byte took advantage of SIGGRAPH to introduce
The user/design interface of Sculp! 3D was one of the most intuitive of all of those shown. The menus and function names can be recognized by a novice, as well as a seasoned professional, making the learn ing curve of this package less steep.
CalComp
CalComp has been manufac turing plotters for the profes sional computer marketplace for quite a while. They were at the Commodore booth demon strating their line of color plot ters. These plotters are priced in line with most other Amiga peripherals, which adds to their attractiveness to Amiga owners. The images produced are very sharp and very close to the colors actually displayed on the Amiga's screen. The driver used in the demonstra tions showed none of the bugs that were present in many of the drivers for the array of col or printers released for the Amiga at earlier dates. This shows that CalComp has a tme
Turbo-Amiga products prom ises to be the highlight of the hardware world for Amiga owners, both present and fu ture.
While many other compan ies are dropping their expan sion systems for the Amiga 1000, CSA is introducing the Amiga Highrise. an Amiga 2000-compatible expansion chassis that alleviates the need for a 1000 owner to purchase a 2000 for the expandability. The Highrise can use any of the Zorro standard cards being de signed for the Amiga 2000 as well as the IBM-XT Bridgeboard and four XT expansion boards. They have also de signed 512K and 2 MB Static RAM boards for use in the Highrise and the Amiga 2000 with their 68020 devices. Oth er products include a SCSI DMA de\ice interface and a se cure disk system for the stor age of sensitive data. Their line also includes a se
ries of 68020/68881-based sys tems for the entire Amiga fam ily. This includes a piggyback unit for the 500 and 1000 and a full-slot card for the Highrise and the 2000. Their entire product line is designed specifi cally to enhance the perfor mance of the Amiga to a level
above and beyond that of any microcomputer available at the present time.
Gold Disk, Inc.
their Ray Trace'3D design package — Sculpt 3D. Sculpt 3D is a straight-forward editor that allows generation of threedimensional objects and then creates full ray-traced images of these objects. In its current version, there is no way to ani
mate the objects, but Byte by Byte has promised that an ani
mation package will be coming in the near future. 76
JANUARY 1988
dedication to the development of a fully-compatible line for the Amiga.
Computer System Associates
CSA has developed a line of products that will allow the Amiga family to move up in performance to that of the much higher priced mini's on the market. The new line of
Kalish Ambwani and Alex andra Peace were manning the booth for Gold Disk and show ing off their coup de grace — Professional Page. Professional Page is a very powerful step up from the company's entry into the desktop publishing market — Pagesetter. While Pagesetter was a full-featured package. Professional Page goes the ex tra mile and gives the user the ability to use color separation techniques for the creation of "magazine-quality color docu ments'' and use of the system with high-level typesetting units for up to 2400 dots-perinch images. They have kept the interface
for Professional Page as unclut tered as it was for Pagesetter, but have increased the func tionality and performance greatly. While Pagesetter gave user groups an easy method for
creating a newsletter, Profes sional Page may just cause an outbreak of user group maga zines'.
Liquid Light
Liquid Light set up their area of the Commodore booth with their image capturing package based on the Polaroid
Palette hardware. Their pack age allows a user to grab a screen and transfer it to film media, from Polaroid instant to
high-quality 35mm slides. The images produced were very sharp due to a dithering effect done by the software while ex posing the film negative. This basically involves exposing the film, shifting the image (figu ratively) down a half-pixel and then re-exposing the film. The resulting image doesn't appear computer generated due to the lack of tell-tale dots and scan lines.
Microllluaions
Microlllusions was repre sented at SIGGRAPH both in the Commodore booth and in their own booth. They were demonstrating quite a few products, including DynamicCad and their new Photon Vid eo Series. Of the Photon Series, the module being shown in its fullest was the Cell Animator. This module, and the entire se ries, is being designed to take full advantage of the various types of graphics files available on the Amiga. You can take ob
jects and drawings designed
under other companies' pack ages and incorporate them into all phases of the Photon pro duction series. The Cell Animator is based on the long-standing "pageflipping" technique for anima tion. Using this technique, the artist/animator draws a frame. stores it, makes slight changes, and stores it, until a full series Continued on pg. 112
COMMODORE 64 and AMIGA
Commodore Magazine is sponsoring our third Graphics Contest. This year we have added an Amiga category for aspiring Amiga artists out there, in addition to the Commodore 64 category. Winners will receive a cash prize and the winning graphics screens will be published in the June, 1988 issue of Commodore Magazine.
Commodore 64 Category Prizes
Grand Award: $500 and Publication in Commodore Magazine Five Runners Up: $100 and Publication in Commodore Magazine Honorable Mention: Publication in Commodore Magazine Amiga Category Prizes
Grand Award: $500 and Publication in Commodore Magazine Five Runners Up: $100 and Publication in Commodore Magazine Honorable Mention: Publication in Commodore Magazine GRAPHICS CONTEST RULES
1. This contest is strictly for amateur artists. Anyone who derives more than 10°oOf their annual income from the sale of original artwork is ineligible.
2. Employees ol Commodore Magazine, Inc.. Commodore Business Machines, Inc., Commodore Electronics Ltd , Commodore International Ltd., their advertising and promotional agencies and their immediate families are not eligible to enter this contest. 3. Each entry must be wholly the product of the developer in whose name the entry has been submitted. Copyrighted images are not eligible. This includes record album covers, movie figures, famous paintings and cartoon characters Outside assistance is expressly prohibited and will provide cause for disqualification.
4. A maximum of two screens per person is allowed, You may submit either two screens for one computer or one screen for each computer. If a contestant submits more than two screens for consideration, all of that person's entries will be invalidated.
5. All entries must be submitted on disk. 1541 format for the Commodore 64 and 3.5-inch format for the Amiga, with the following marked clearly on the disks label: a. Contestant's name, address and phone number
b. Picture title(s) c. Graphics package or programming aid used to create the graphics
d. The words GRAPHICS CONTEST" A photo of the screen display or a printed copy of the screen does not constitute an acceptable entry.
6. Mail entries before January 31, 1988 to Commodore Magazine, 1200 Wilson Drive, West Chester. PA 19380, ATTN: GRAPHICS CONTEST. GENERAL CONDITIONS
• Graphic screens are judged on originality, creativity and best use of the computer's unique graphics features. > Entries will be judged by the staff of Commodore Magazine.
- Make sure your mailer will protect your disk from damage. Affix sufficient first-class postage. Mail your disk and the official entry blank to the address shown above in time to reach us by the January 31. 1988 deadline. : ■ Entries become the property of Commodore Magazine, which reserves the right to adapt, use or publish all entries received. No disks will be returned, so be sure to make a copy of your entry before you submit it to the contest. ■ Non-winning entries will not be acknowledged. Winners will be notified by February 28, 1988. Taxes on cash prizes are the winners' responsibilities.
PLEASE PRINT
NAME
PHONE
ADDRESS CITY AGE
STATE
ZIP
SIGNATURE
PARENTS SIGNATURE (IF CONTESTANT IS UNDER 18)
PICTURE TITLE #1
COMPUTER
GRAPHICS PACKAGE OR PROGRAMMING AID USED
PICTURE TITLE #2
COMPUTER
GRAPHICS PACKAGE OR PROGRAMMING AID USED
DEADLINE FOR ENTRY: JANUARY 31, 1988. MAXIMUM 2 SCREENS PER CONTESTANT.
GAME PROGRAMS'
by Joseph M. Schwartz
Castrovia
For the Commodore 64 Many centuries ago warring overlords battled for control of the land of Castrovia and its people. This two player strategy game for the 64 tests you and
your army's ability to conquer your oppo nent and become sole ruler of Castrovia. Castrovia is a grid-based war game where you must develop and implement defensive and offensive strategies in order to remove all your opponent's troops from the board.
The Land and People of Castrovia At the beginning of every game the computer will randomly construct a map of the playing field. If the map is satisfac tory to both players the game will proceed. Ifnot, the computer will construct another. There are three different terrain cate gories. Each quadrant is identified by a letter and a number (Example: quadrant A6I. The quadrant* is described by the let ter at its center: ''F" for farmland, "S" for swampland and "L" for a lake. The popu lation of the quadrant is indicated by the number (in hundreds) to the left, of the de scribing letter. The number of occupying troops is indicated by the number to the right of the letter. Thus, if quadrant A6
reads "5F3," then it is farm land with a population of 500 people, occupied by three troops. Swamps and lakes always have zero populations. The player control ling a quadrant is indicated.
There are three special quadrants: the
two players' castles and the capitol. The capitol is always at quadrant 5E while the position of the castles changes. Each play er starts out with nine troops.
Moving and Combat
When it is your turn the computer will first ask the quadrant from which you want to move troops. Enter the quadrant coordinates, letter then number. You don11 have to press RETURN. Then enter the quadrant to which you want to move troops. You will then specify the number of troops to be moved (between zero and nine). The computer will check to see if you have sufficient troops at the from posi tion and if the number of your troops in the to quadrant will not be greater than nine. Players may occupy farm lands. castles, swamps and the capitol, but never lakes. If you move into an unoccupied quad rant you automatically gain control of that quadrant. If you try to move into a quadrant occupied by your opponent, com bat will commence. Your attacking force is
based on the number of troops moving into the quadrant. The defending force is based on the number of troops in the quadrant plus an amount proportional to the population present. The combat is re solved based on probabilities. Castles and the capitol are fortified and are thus twice
as defendable as a regular quadrant.
Taxes and News Reports Every five turns or so the year will end and players will collect taxes. Players re ceive one barbie (the Castrovian unit of currency) for every person in the areas they control. Thus, a player who controls A6 ("5F3"), would receive 500 barbies from that quadrant. With this money you can buy troops at a cost of 1000 barbies per troop (2000 barbies if you wish to place them directly in your castle). All troops outside the castle must be placed in a sin gle quadrant already under your control. For example, a player with 8,000 barbies buys one troop for his castle and six for quadrant A6. Any money not spent on troops is kept in the players' treasuries. This money earns interest at the rate of 10% each year. If you have lost control of your castle you cannot collect taxes or buy troops.
The game is user friendly so the best
way to become good at it is to play it.
Before typing this program, read "How to Knter Programs" and "How W Use the Magazine
65
M(X,Y)=0'BHRJ
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine are available on disk from Loadstar.
70 75
IF IF
80
P(X,Y)=0'BHUG
85
IF
P.O. Box 300(T.Shrevcpori. U 711304007, l-BOt).H?1-2694.
Castrovia 10
P=1:DL=1500:SS=5427 2:C$(0)=""
:C$(1)=" [CYAN] ":CS(2)=" [YELLOW] "'GKAJ
15 17 20
AS(0)="F":A$(1)="S":AS(2)="L" :AS(3)="C"'EXNK A$(4)="X":POKE 53280,0 :POKE 53281,0'DVIK
100
30
PRINT"[CLEAR,WHITE](LIMIT
35
LETERS)"'BAVF INPUT"NAME OF
40
:IF LEN(N1$)>6 THEN 35'FNSO INPUT"NAME OF PLAYER TWO";N2$ :IF
45
LEN(N2$)>6
DIM M
THEN
PRINT"[CLEAR]SETTING
ONE";N1$
78
S=0
135'GLPD
A$="N"THEN
PRINT"[CLEAR]"
50'FFLG
130 135
GOTO 120'BDCY GOSUB 490:PRINT"PLACING
140
:FOR X=l TO 500:NEXT X'GMWN X1=INT(9*RND(1)+1):Yl=INT(9*RND(1)
CASTLES11
+1)'KTHJ
UP
FOR Y=l TO 9:FOR X=l TO N=INT(40*RND(1)+1)'FJUH
JANUARY 1988
IF
:GOTO
40'FNPK
MAP"
:S=1'CDMH
55 60
PLAYERS (Y/N) ?'"CEIP GET AS:IF A$="Y"THEN :GOTO
R(2)'BHAL
50
M(5,5)=4'BHAW
P(5,5)=INT(5*RND(l)+5)'FNKF
SIX
(9,9) ,P(9,9) ,T(9,9) ,C(9,9) ,
P(X,
GOSUB 430'BDKW GOSUB 490:PRINT"IS THIS MAP ALRIGHT FOR BOTH[SPACE12]
125 PLAYER
THEN
110 115
120
900'BDME
M(X,Y)=0
105
PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN4,SPACE15,GRAY2] GOSUB
THEN M(X,Y)=1'EJAH THEN M(X,Y)=2'EJWM
Y)=INT(9*RND(1)+1)'IUSS 90 T(X,Y)=0:C(9,9)=0'CPCJ 95 NEXT X,Y'BDTL
CASTROVIA"'BAIE 25
N<8 N<4
9'GHIL
145
Y1=INT(9*RND(1)+1)'FJMJ
150
IF
155
M(X1,Y1)=3:C(X1,Y1)=1
M(X1,Y1)<>0
THEN
=9'DELN
140'EMFF
Q
Game Programs/Castrovia
:FOR
160
X2=INT(9*RND(1)+1):Y2=INT(9*RND{1)
165
+ 1) 'KTJL IF M(X2,Y2)<>0
"■ ::: THEN
160'EMJL
170 M(X2,Y2)=3:C(X2,Y2)=2
180 185
GOSUB 490:PRINT"[CYAN]"; N1$"'S CASTLE IS AT[SPACE2] "CHR$(Xl+64);YL'ERIS PRINT"[YELLOW]";N2$"'S CASTLE IS AT[SPACE2]"CHR$(X2+64);Y2'DNPM X(l)=X1:X(2)=X2:Y(1)=Y1:Y(2)=Y2
195 200
GOSUB 430:P=2:N$=N2$ :C$="[YELLOW]"'EPIK X=INT(4*RND(1)+1):IF X=4 THEN 210'IOSR IF P=2 THEN P = l:N$=Nl$:C$="[CYAN]" :GOTO
205
215 220
FX=ASC(A$)-64'DIYB
225 230
LA=49:HA=75:GOSUB FY=VAL<A$)'CGDB
235
PRINT:PRINT"[SPACE17] TO
210
OK":T(FX/FY)=T(FX/
THEN OR
370
TY)=P THEN T(TX,TY)=T(TX,TY)+MN :C(TX,TY)=P:GOTO 415'JATB GOSUB 490:PRINT"A BATTLE!!"
375 380
385 390 395 400 405 ;
840'DNOH
X
IF
210'HRBE
IF P=l THEN P=2:NS=N2$ :CS = " [YELLOW] '"GNPI GOSUB 490:PRINT CSNS" MOVES FROM ";'CJAD LA=65:HA=73:GOSUB 840'DNKG
DLlNEXT
365
:N$(1)=N1$:N$(2)=N2S'GUSW
190
PRINT"
C{TX,TY)=0
:GOSUB
:
TO
290'GLCN
FY)-MN'DTMO IF T(FX,FY)=0
I 360
:T(X2,Y2)=9'DESK
175
X=l
:GOTO
C(FX,FY)=0'ESBK
C (TX,
900'DITJ
DS=T(TX,TY)+(.5*P(TX,TY))'DWMQ IF M(TX,TY)=3 OR M(TX, TY)=4 THEN DS=DS*2'HXBP DV=INT(DS*RND(1))'EJJO AV=INT(MN*RND(1))'EJKK IF AV=DV THEN T(TX,TY)=0 :C(TX,TY)=0:GOTO 415'GCDV IF DV>AV THEN T(TX,TY)=T(TX, TY)-AV'FWQH IF AV>DV THEN
T(TX,TY)=MN-DV
:C(TX,TY)=P'GBLO
410 415
IF T(TX/TY)<1 THEN T(TX,TY)=1'ESBG GOSUB 430:GOSUB 490'CHKG TU-TU+1:IF TU>(INT(7*RND(l)+3)) THEN
TU=0:GOSUB
425 430
GOTO
195'BDOG
";'CCOI
505'LYDM
PRINT"[HOME,GRAY2,SPACE4]A[SPACE3] B[SPACE3]C[SPACE3]D[SPACE3]E
[SPACE3]F[SPACE3]G[SPACE3]H
240
LA=65:HA=73:GOSUB
245
TX=ASC(A$)-64'DINI
250
LA=49:HA=57:GOSUB
255
TY=VAL(A$)'CGRI
260 265
IF C(FX,FY)=P THEN 275'DMGG GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU HAVE NO
440 R(1)=0:R(2)=I :FOR Y=l TO 9'FPWI 445 IF YO1 THEN PRINT" [SHFT B,
TROOPS THERE! - TRY :FOR X=l TO DL:NEXT GOTO 210'BDCE
450 455
270 275
IF ABS(FX-TX)<=1 ABS(FY-TY)<=1
280
GOSUB
840'DNKE
840'DNOF
435
460
290'LRLT
490:PRINT"YOU
CAN
ONLY
290 295
PRINT" — TRY AGAIN":FOR X=l TO :NEXT X:GOTO 210'GLES IF M(TX,TY)<>2 THEN 305'EMFK GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU CAN'T MOVE INTO
A
LAKE
—
TRY
DL
310
LA=48:HA=57:GOSUB
315
MN=VAL(A$)'CGYF
320
IF MN = 0 THEN PRINT" :GOTO 415'FHVE
325
IF
330
GOSUB
T(FX,FY)=>MN
470 475
PRINT"[SHFT B]":NEXT Y'CCMH PRINT" [CMDR ZfSHFT C36,CMDR 11' BAFO
TROOPS! :FOR
335 340
—
X=l
TRY
TO
GOSUB
350
TROOPS PRINT"
IN
340'ENMJ
ENOUGH
MORE
AND
THAN
T(TX,
355'HAJL
OR
R(2)=0)AND
S=0
THEN
8 55'HRMO RETURN'BAQL PRINT"[H0ME,D0WN21]";'BBAJ FOR
X=1864
TO
2023:POKE
X,32
X'FQAS
RETURN'BAQY
505
GOSUB 490:PRINT"YEAR END TAX REPORTS":TA(1)=0:TA(2)=0'ESXP
510
FOR
515
IF
Y=l
TO
C(X,Y)=1
9:FOR THEN
X=l
TO
9'GHIF
TA(1)=TA(1)
520
IF
525
+100*P(X,Y)'GBFK NEXT X^'BDTH FOR PP=1 TO 2:PRINT
530
WOULD
RESULT
NINE[SPACE5]
IN A";'CFAV QUADRANT - TRY
IF(R(1)=0
X]
+100*P(X,Y)'GBCO
X'GLHO
490:PRINT"THIS
X'DBAR
500
AGAIN"
GOTO 290'BDKG IF NOT(C(TX,TY)=P
345
485 490 495
:NEXT
:NEXT
OK"
THEN
DL:NEXT
TY)+MN>9)THEN
480
840'DNNC
490:PRINT"NOT
A$(M(X,Y));CHR$(T(X,Y)+48);" R(C(X,Y))=R(C(X/Y))+T(X,Y)
AGAIN"'CEMV
300 FOR X=l TO DL:NEXT X:GOTO 210'FKOC 305 GOSUB 490:PRINT"HOW MANY TROOPS TO MOVE — ";'CFYL
B]"'FCWQ
PRINT CHRS(Y+48)"[SHFT B]";'DGEH FOR X=l TO 9'DDCK PRINT C$(C(X,Y));P(X,Y);"[LEFT]";
465
'CFJS
285
S]
[GRAY2]";'DRKQ
MOVE
INTO AN ADJACENT[SPACE6]QUADRANT";
C36,CMDR
"'BASK
SPACE36/SHFT
AGAIN" X'GLCX
AND
THEN
[SPACE3] I1"BAII PRINT" [CMDR A,SHFT
AGAIN"
535 540
545
C(X,Y)=2
THEN
TA(2)=TA(2)
C$(PP)'ELFH
IF C(X(PP),Y(PP))=PP THEN 560'DTNN GOSUB 490:PRINT"ATTENTION trN$(PP) :FOR X=l TO DLlNEXT X'GRYN GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU CAN'T COLLECT COMMODORE M/CAZINE
79
Game Programs/Castrovia TAXES
550
OR
BUY
TROOPS[SPACE3]IF
'CFQV PRINT"YOU'RE NOT IN CONTROL YOUR CASTLE":FOR X=l TO DL :NEXT X'FHJS
";
OF 730 735 740 742
555
GOTO
560 562
GOSUB 490:PRINT NS(PP)" COLLECTED"TA(PP)"BARBLES"'CQJO PRINT"IN TAXES THIS YEAR"'BAPM
770'BDNK
565
FOK
570 575
I(PP)=INT(.1*BA(PP))'DPML PRINT"AND EARMED"I(PP)"BARBLES INTEREST"'BFGU
580
FOR
585 590
603
BA(PP)=BA(PP)+1(PP)+TA(PP)'DXXT GOSUB 490:PRINT NS(PP)"'S NEW BALANCE IS"BA(PP)"BARBLES"'CQQT FOR X=l TO DL:NEXT X'EGEO GOSUB 490'BDQO PRINT"HOW MANY CASTLE TROOPS DO YOU"'BAQI PRINT"WANT TO BUY (2000 BARBLES
605
LA=48:HA=57:GOSUB
X=l
:GOSUB
592 595 600
TO
DL:NEXT
TO
IN
X
DL:NEXT
IN
745 750 754 755
X'EGEL
EACH)";'BBVL
760
620 625
IF
A=0
IF
T(X(PP),Y(PP))+A<10
630
THEN
HAVE DL
GOSUB MORE
NINE
IN
HAVE
645
PRINT" - TRY AGAIN":FOR :NEXT X'FHDL GOTO 595'BDSK
650
T(X(PP),Y(PP))=T(X(PP),Y(PP))+A
X=l
TO
DL
:BA(PP)=BA(PP)-(2000*A)'FYCT
655
GOSUB 490:PRINT C${PP)"YOUR NEW BALANCE IS"BA(PP)"BARBLES"'CQUV
658
FOR
660 665
GOSUB 490'BDQH PRINT"HOW MANY TROOPS"'BAPS
667
PRINT"DO YOU WISH TO BARBLES EACH)";' BBDX
670 675 680
X=l
DL:NEXT
X'EGER
NEXT
7 75
:NEXT
790
IF
Z=2
THEN
GOSUB
490
TREASURIES
810 814
DISAPPEAR"'FGXA IF Z=2 THEN BA(1)=0:BA(2)=0'FPUV IF Z=3 THEN GOSUB 490 :PRINT"REVOLUTION IN CAPITOL"'FGWM IF Z=3 THEN PRINT"ALL TROOPS KILLED":T(5,5)=0:C(5,5)=0'GSGT IF ZO4 THEN 830'EFPG GOSUB 490'BDQI
815
PRINT"CASTLE KILLS
ALL
820
HALF
TROOP'S
DISEASE
OF[SPACE4]
CASTLE
TROOPS"'BADX
T(Xl,Yl)=INT(T(Xl,Yl)/2) :IF
T(X1,Y1)=0
THEN
C(X1,
Yl)=0'HNTR T(X2,Y2)=INT(T(X2,Y2)/2) :IF
(1000
TO
DL
X'GLOV
T(X2,Y2)=0
THEN
830
IF
Z>4
THEN
:PRINT"NO 835 840 845
C(X2,
IS
490
GOOD
GOTO 660'BDLO IF A=0 THEN 770'DFRL GOSUB 490:PRINT"WHERE TO PUT THEM ";'CFLY
700
LA=65:HA=73:GOSUB
705 710
XX=ASC(AS)-64'DIRJ LA=49:HA=57:GOSUB 840'DNOG
715
Y=VAL(AS)'CFIJ
DO
YOU
840'DNKF
WANT
IF
ASC(A$)<LA
OR
ASC(AS)>HA
PRINT A$;:RETURN'CEBJ PRINT"[CLEAR]":IF R(1)=0
THEN
W=2
865'IYYW
W=1:WS=N1$:L$=N2$'DORN
865
PRINT"[GRAY2]"WS"
875
THEN
840'IPUT
860
870
NEWS"'FGRO
GOSUB 430:RETURN'CEKL GET A$:IF AS=""THEN 840'EILK GOTO
850 855
GOSUB
NEWS
:W$=N2$:L$=N1$:GOTO
685 690 695
JANUARY 1988
DOUBLE"'FGDX
IF Z=l THEN BA(1)=BA(1)*2 :BA(2)=BA(2)*2'HAWX
Y2)=0'HNCW
BUY
X=l
PP'BCIJ Z=INT(20*RND(1)+1):PRINT"[GRAY2]"; ' GLWT IF Z=l THEN GOSUB 490 :PRINT"ALL TREASURIES
785
REGULAR
MONEY!":FOR
DL
770
825
LA=48:HA=57:GOSUB 840'DNNL A=VAL(AS):IF A*1000<=BA(PP)THEN 690'HUAV GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU DON'T HAVE ENOUGH
80
TO
TO
660'LYAX
T(XX,Y)=T(XX,Y)+A:BA(PP)=BA(PP) -1000*A:GOSUB 490'GMAY
805
A
QUADRANTI";'CFHX
640
X:GOTO
765
795 800
THEN
CAN'T
TROOPS
GOSUB
MYSTERIOUSLY
660'DFPJ
490:PRINT"YOU THAN
IF XX=X(PP)AND Y=Y(PP)THEN PRINT"YOUR CASTLE":FOR X=l
:PRINT"ALL
650'EUWK
635
GOSUB
1000'HVVU
MYSTERIOUSLY
625'HUEJ
GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU DON'T ENOUGH MONEY!":FOR X=l TO :NEXT X'GLOT GOTO 595'BDSD
QUADRANT"'BALW
FOR X=l TO DL:NEXT X'EGEO GOTO 660'BDLH IF XX=X(PP)AND Y=Y(PP)THEN 490'GQLS IF XX=X(PP)AND Y=Y(PP)THEN
:NEXT
780
840'DNNJ
TROOPS[SPACE2]
ANY
490:GOSUB
610 A=VAL(AS):IF A*2000<=BA(PP)THEN 615
IF C(XX,Y)=PP THEN 735'DMKH GOSUB 490:PRINT"YOU CAN NOT PUT TROOPS WHERE YOU DO NOT[SPACE2] HAVE ANY!"'CEAX FOR X=l TO DL:NEXT X:GOTO 695'FKGJ IF T(XX,Y)+A<=9 THEN 755'FMDP GOSUB 490'BDQG PRINT"YOU CAN NOT HAVE MORE THAN NINE
490'FKDP
X=l
720 725
HAS
BEATEN
"L$'BERS PRINT"[DOWN3]FINAL STATISTICS"'BALO PRINT"[CMDR Y16]":PRINT"[DOWNJ "'CBCB Continued on pg. 90
Only NRI teaches you to service all computers as you build your own fully IBM compatible microcomputer With computers firmly established in offices-and more and more new applications being developed for every facet of business—the demand for trained computer service technicians surges forward. The Department of Labor estimates that computer service jobs will actually double in the next ten years—a faster growth rate thai for any other occupation.
Total systems training No computer stands alone...
it's part of a total system. And if you want to leam to service and repair computers, you have to understand computer systems. Only NRI includes a powerful computer system as part of your training, centered around the new, fully IBM-compatible Sanyo 880 Series computer.
As part of your training, you'll build this highly rated, 16-bit, IBM-compatible computer system. You'll assemble Sanyo's "intelligent" keyboard, install the power supply and disk drive and interface the highresolution monitor. The 880
NRI is the only technical school that
trains you on a total computer system.
You'll install and
check keyboard,
Computer has two operating
power supply, disk
drive, and monitor,
speeds: standard IBM speed of 4.77 MHz and a remarkable turbo speed of 8 MHz. It's con fidence-building, real-world experience that includes training in programming, circuit design and peripheral maintenance.
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#235-018
128 USERS ONLY'
wl'tftiL
by Mark Jordan
m, \ m dwTTWV
The 128 Mode
Fuel-Gauge 128
Explore the Commodore 128 in its powerful native mode. Some of the articles in this column may be technical, some not so technical —but we guarantee that they will spark your creativity. A s I sit at my keyboard I can hear the xaJiowl of the north wind at the window — winter approaches. I look to my right and see a lifeless, black woodstove. I look to my left and see a stark, white electric baseboard heater. I look about 12 degrees to my left again and discover a forlorn kerosene heater. Lying next to it is a Sears Home Catalog opened to the furnace sec tion. My brain is burning with the ques tion: WHAT IS THE CHEAPEST WAY TO HEAT THIS PLACE? Find the answer by typing in the two listings that follow. You'll need to type and save "Listing Two'' and then run it once before using the main program. This will save the sprite data to the disk. You'll need to save the sprite data listing with the filename ''fuel sprites" and be sure it's on the same disk as your program. Fuel-Gauge allows you to compare the operating costs of each of the four major types of fuels — wood, oil, gas, and elec tricity — in two ways. You can compare the cost per therm imore on that later) or you can compare the cost per year for your house. And there's more: you can get a very good approximation of what your next energy improvement will save you in dollars per year. Fuel-Guage's spreadsheet consists of three rows of four columns. The top row of the screen contains your fuel options in the form of sprites: wood, oil. gas. and elec tricity. The second row deals with options specific to the fuel type chosen in row one. The third row deals mainly with factors specific to your house, your heater and your climate. Here's how it works: using your cursor keys, move the cursor to the sprite you want and press RETURN. Let's say you chose wood. A second wood sprite will slide
down from row one to the first slot on row two as a reminder of your choice. Also, be82
JANUARY 1988
neath it will be the term used for the base unit of that particular fuel. For wood, the base unit is a cord. Now, mo\ing from left to right, go to the second column on row two entitled "Unit Price" and press RETURN. For wood in my area, an average price per cord is $85. So type that in. Next move left to the next column, "Therms per unit;' and press RETURN. A therm is one hundred thousand BTUs, (British thermal units) the smallest mea sure of heat that heating engineers deal with. So a therm is just a bunch of BTUs. Oops. I forgot to warn you: with gas there is a sub-option: whether you want to measure natural or LP gas. The program defaults to natural, so if that's what you want to compare, no problem. If you want to compare the cost of LP. you'll need to press "L" just after you choose the gas icon. 'The main difference between the two is the basic units: natural gas comes in CCFs — hundred cubic feet — while bottled gas iLP) comes in gallons.) You can do the same for electricity, though if you live in northern Indiana or anywhere outside of government subsi dized electricity (this is a sore spot with me and I don't mind you folks in the Northwest knowing it), figuring for elec tric heat is mainly for laughs — bitter ones. Example: to heat my home with electric my winter fuel bill would be close to $2000. I'm not sure but I think I could get just as much heat by burning two thousand one dollar bills. Now you know which fuel is cheapest. It's probably wood first, gas second, then oil, then electricity. How much will that calculate out to in one year? Let's go down to row three and find out. The first column allows you to adjust
the efficiency of your~h~e~ating unit. The de fault values were chosen because they are generally accepted as accurate within the industry. They are: wood — 60% efficient. oil — 80%, gas — 85%, and electricity — 100%. But each of these figures is subject to change. For example, you could get a highly efficient woodstove with a catalytic converter. That might up your efficiency to 80r/(. Or you might get one of those 999E efficient pulse gas furnaces. Or if you're using electricity, the 100$ figure applies only to baseboard units. If you've got an electric furnace, some heat is lost in the ductwork. Don't be too concerned about precision in rating your heater. Unless you know otherwise, use the default values. Next column is "House Efficiency." The help screen will help you determine how efficient your house is. Basically, if you've got a weather-tight, super-insulated house, figure 10096. If you live in Uncle Joe's old uninsulated farmhouse where the curtains rustle in the breeze even with the windows down, figure 30*7. The de fault is 75<*. The third column is 'Total Area." Just type in the approximate square footage of floor space in your house. Finally, column four asks for the degree days in your area. Fortunately, a help screen gives you nine locations in the U.S. to use as a guide. If you need to be more exact, or can't extrapolate from the data given, or live in another country, just call the local weather bureau. Once you have entered all the data on the bottom row the top row will now light up with more information under each sprite-icon. This information is the total annual fuel costs estimated for your house using each fuel. Continued on pg. 84
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Valid tor new members only. Foreign applicants will receive special ordering instructions Canada mus! remit in U.S currency. This order subject lo acceptance by The Computer Book Club1 CMD-188
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All boo«s are narocouer unless number is tollowea
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128 Users Only/128 Mode
amount of money you would have to spend on each of the four main fuel choices. But you can do much more. Sup pose for example you have been thinking of installing a new. highly-efficient gas furnace. Is it worth it? Well, just change the heater efficiency number to reflect the higher rating and compare results. Or suppose you're considering insulat ing the house and putting in new storm windows. That would likely up your House Efficiency at least 209$. Try that
Continued from pg, 82
Wonderful! But first, let's fine-tune it a bit. Suppose you happen to know that your house costs $700 to heat last winter with natural gaa but the top row says it should cost $800. You should adjust the house efficiency number until your cost reads close to $700. < Be sure you're using last winter's CCF price.) This way you can be sure that the other fuel calculations are accurate.
Now you can compare at a glance the
Bcion- typing ihi> program, read "How io timer Programs' and "Ho* lo Use ihe Magazine
10
FOR
T=0
20
FOR T=0
30 40 50
BSAVE"FUEL SPRITES",B0, P3584 TO P4096'CPRH DATA C1,80,00,C1,80,00,63,00'BXWE DATA 00,6B,73,80,7F,4A,56,36'BXNG
60
DATA
4A,51,00,39,D1,00,00,1E'BXJH
70
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,00,18,00'BXQH
80
DATA
00,7B,C0,06,FB,FC,3F,E7'BXKJ
90
DATA
C1,FF,1E,3F,FF,01,FF,FC'BXRK
:POKE :POKE
TO
255:READ
AS
3584+T,DEC(A$):NEXT'IUVG
TO
41:POKE
3840+Tf255
:Z2S="[RVS]
[RVOFF]#####%"
:Z3$="[RVSj
[RVOFF]###.##"
:Z4$=" [RVS]
[RVOFF]######"'EPAL
F$(1,1)=Z1S:FS(1,2)=Z3$:FS(1,3)=Z1$
40
3840+T+42,0:NEXT'JAKI
middle of a heat wave — you might not think it all that useful. But it is winter now, and the north wind is beginning to blow. What better time than now to check your Fuel-Gauge. Wj
Z1S="[RVS]$[RVOFF]###.##"
30
Listing Two
time of year that I wrote it — July, in the
:TH=2.8E-04TKWEI
Entry Program.' The BASIC programs in rhi> magaiine are available on disk frnm Loadstar. PO Bta 30008,Shreveport.LA 71130-000"'. 1-800-83!-2694
and see how much you'll save. Or you may be thinking of adding an other room. How much will it cost to heat it? Just add the Total Area and let the pro gram show you. If you were reading this at the same
:F$(2,0)=Z2S:F$(2,1)=Z2S :FS(2,2)=Z4$:FS(2,3)=Z4$
:F$(1,0)=11[UP,RVS] ####.#"' IJHX 50
FOR
FU=0
TO
3:READ
VB(FU,0)
:VB(FU,1)=75:NEXT'GAGK 60
DATA
70
FOR
60,80,85,100'BMKE T=0
TO
2:READ
TUS(0,T)
:NEXT'FNPI
100
DATA
0F,FF,F3,67,FF,9F,F7,FC'BXAA
110
DATA
7E,F7,E0,08,76,00,00,00'BXAB
120
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,07,00,00'BXOB
130
DATA
1C,00,F8,30,03,FE,60,07'BXND
140
DATA
FF,C2,03,FF,00,04,7C,81'BXCE
150
DATA
07,83,81,3B,FF,80,66,7F'BXRF
ASH/BIRCH=2 55","ELM=215[SPACE2]
160
DATA
80,45,BF,80,45,AF,80,46'BXHG
CEDAR=20 5[SPACE2]WHITE
170
DATA
6F,80,47,EB,80,67,EB,80'BXFH
180
DATA
3B,FB,80,07,F8,80,07,FF'BXQI
PINE=155"'BCTD
190
DATA
80,03,FF,00,00,7C,00,00'BXIJ
200
DATA
00,06,00,00,0C,00,00,1C'BXCA
210
DATA
00,00,38,00,00,78,00,00'BXIB
220
DATA
78,00,00,FC,00,00,FC,00'BXYD
230
DATA
3D,C6,3C,41,82,40,41,BB1BXGE
240
DATA
78,4D,83,04,45,BB,04,39'BXQF
250
DATA
BB,78,00,FF,00,00,FE,00'BXOG
260
DATA
00,7E,00,00,7C,00,00,3C'BXDH
270
DATA
00,00,38,00,00,18,00,00'BXCH
280
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,08'BXPI
OUS=4500[SPACE2,SHFT
290
DATA
80,00,49,00,00,25,00,00'BXKJ
TY=3500[SPACE2,SHFT
300
DATA
10,00,FF,FB,FF,00,00,00'BXFC
310
DATA
00,15,00,00,24,80,00,44'BXKC
320
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00'BXHD
330
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00'BXHE
340
DATA
03,70,06,92,49,54,03,49*6X70
350
DATA
94,92,49,54,DB,69,56,00'BXLH END
Fuel-Gauge 128
20 FM$(0)="
[SHFT C]ORDS
:FM$(1)="[SHFT :FM$(3)="
[SHFT
[SPACE2]":NAS(5)="
" W,SHFT
[SHFT
C2,SHFT
:FM$(2)=NA$(5):NA(5)=1:NA(6)=.93 JANUARY 1988
OAK=285[SPACE2]",
"HARD
90
FOR 0
MAPLE/BEECH=270[SPACE2]
FU=1
INPUT
[SHFT
TO
3:TU$(FU,0)="[SHFT
N]
NEEDED.":TU$(FU,1)="
T]HERMS
FOR
THIS
FUEL
ARE
CONSTANT.":TU$(FU,2)="":NEXT'HKXH 100
FOR
110
DATA
"[SHFT
T=0
TO
SHFT
C]HICAGO=6500[SPACE2,SHFT
NDY=5500",
"[SHFT
2:READ
DD$(T):NEXT'FLPA
MJNPLIS=7500[SPACE2,
"[SHFT
S]T[SHFT O]KL
I]
L] [SHFT
C]
D]LLS=2 500",
P]ORTLD=5000[SPACE2,
SHFT
N]EW[SHFT
SHFT
B]OSN=6000"'BCIE
Y]ORK=5000[SPACE2,
120
ES=CHR$(27):XP=0:YP=0'EOLD
130
K$="[RIGHT,LEFT,DOWN,UP]
140
KYS="0123456789.[CLEAR]
NL"+CHR$(13)'DGOD
150
SP$="[SPACE40]"'BDUG
160
FOR
T=l
TO
3:READ
VA(T,2)
:NEXT'FMPG
H]S F]
S [SPACE2]":NA$(6)="[SHFT G]ALLONS"
84
"HICKORY=300[SPACE2]
WHITE
"+CHRS(13)'DHVF
G]ALLONS" K,SHFT
DATA
80
170
DATA
180
SC(0)=10:SC(1)=2:SC(2)=7
1.4,1, .033'BKXE
:SC(3)=8'EDRL
Continued on pg. 86
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Sun, 9:30-5:30 FOR ORDERS AND INFORMATION CALL TOLL FREE OPEN 7 DAYS EVERV WEEK FOR ORDbR5
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FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE CALL
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DISK DRIVE
PACKAGE
COMPUTER IN
HX NX
10 10C
tin 55 I1&»9S
r,B
7*111
ISttVi
NX
15
1114 9&
tlO
7115
|1» 95
128 Users Only/128 Mode 190
COLOR
210
SPRITE
1,1,10:SPRITE
:SPRITE :SPRITE 220
MOVSPR
2,1,2
3,1,7:SPRITE 4,1,8 8,1,5,1,1,1'FQDI 1,53,55:MOVSPR
:MOVSPR :MOVSPR 230
540
BLOAD"FUEL SPRITES '" BBS I 0,1:COLOR 4,7'CHSY
200
:DI(3)=257:SL(0)=160:SL(1)=250 :SL(2)=350:SL(3)=400:SP(0)=6 :SP(1)=7:SP(2)=9:SP(3)=11'MAAD 240
260
PRINT"[RVS,UP,SPACE10,SHFT NNUAL [SHFT H]EATING [SHFT [SPACE10]"'BARM
:GOSUB
930'CFTE
A] CJOSTS
270
PRINT"[DOWN,GRAY3,SPACE13,SHFT U] NIT[SPACE5,SHFT T]HERMS[SPACE5, SHFT C]OST/[SPACE2]"'BALN
280
PRINT"[SPACE13,SHFT C]OST[SPACE5J / UNIT[SPACE5,SHFT T]HERM[DOWN] "'BAXM
290
GOSUB
300
PRINT"[RVS,UP,SPACE11,SHFT UJNIT [SHFT H]EATING [SHFT CJOSTS
310
PRINT"[GRAY3,DOWN,SPACE2,SHFT H] EATER[SPACE4,SHFT H]OUSE [SPACE6, SHFT
A]REA[SPACE5,SHFT
D]EGREE
330
PRINT"[GRAY3,SPACE3,SHFT E]FF. [SPACE6,SHFT E]FF.[SPACE5,SHFT EATED[SPACE5,SHFT D]AYS[DOWN] "'BAUJ GOSUB
930:FOR
T=l
TO
H]
4
:PRINT"[RVS,BLUE]"SPS:NEXT'GMVG 340
FU=0'BDYC
350
DO:GET
360
ON A GOSUB 400,420,440,460,950, 950,490'CDFJ
370
MOVSPR
380
LOOP'BAKF XP=XP+1:IF
400
KEY
A$:A=INSTR(K$,A$)'FMRI
8,XP*80+40,YP*56+52'FQVL XP>3
420
RETURN'BAQY XP=XP-1:IF XP<0
430
RETURN'BAQB
440
YP=YP+1:IF
410
:GOSUB
THEN
XP=0'GMTF
IF
16'80IFNCV
1,2,12,
TO 3:PRINT"[CYAN]";'EFJK
VB(T,0)=0
OR
VB(T,
1)=0 OR VA(FU,1)=0
THEN
610'HDAR
590 AC(T)=TH*VB(T,3)/{VB(T, 0)/100)*VB(T,2)*3/(VB(T, 1)/10)*VA(T,3)'JCQA 600 VA(FU,0)=AC(T)/VA(FU,1)'CVUG 610 CHAR 1,T*10,5,"":PRINT USING
" [RVS]$[RVOFF]####.##";AC(T)' EPU J
620
CHAR
630
CHAR
640 660
NEXT:RETURN'CBXF ON XP+1 GOSUB 1070,690,700, 1070'DUJL
670
GOTO 570'BDLI MS (1) = "[SHFT U]SE DECIMAL IF APPLICABLE":GOSUB 1080 :GOTO 720'DOJW
690
700
1,T*10+1,12,"" :PRINT USING FS(1,T);VA(FU,T)'PCVL 1,T*10+1,19,"" :PRINT USING FS(2,T);VB(FU,T)'FCFM
FOR T=0
TO
2:M$(T)=TU$(FU,T)
710 GOSUB
1080:IF FU>0
720
GOSUB
980'BDUE
THEN
740'ELQG
730 740
VA(FU,XP)=VAL(NS)'CNTI IF VA(FU,2)>0 THEN VA(FU,
3)=(VA(FU,1)/VA(FU,2))'FKUQ 750
RETURN'BAQG
770 780
ON XP+1 GOSUB GOTO 570'BDLK
790
MS (1)="[SHFT NUMBER — NO
800
GOSUB
810
M$<0)="[SHFT
[SHFT 820
T]YPE AS A WHOLE DECIMAL."'BFYV
870:GOTO
RJ-26+
M$(1)="[SHFT NO
790 , 810,840,860'DSBN
740'CHME
T]IGHT
HOUSE,
INSULATION = 100%'"BFSO D]RAFTY
HOUSE,
INSULATION=30%"'BFFO
THEN
XP=3'GMWH
830
GOTO
THEN
YP=0'GMWJ
840
450
RETURN'BAQD
M$(1)="[SHFT TjYPE FOOTAGE."'BFQP
460
850 860
GOTO 870'BDOI FOR T=0 TO 2:M$(T)=DD$(T)
490
YP=YP-1:IF YP<0 THEN YP=2'GMAL RETURN'BAQF ON YP+1 GOSUB 520,660,770'DOCL
500
RETURN'BAQY
870
GOSUB
:NEXT'FQFO 1080:GOSUB
980'CIOL
520
FU=XP:SPRITE
880
IF
T=0
470
YP>2
6,0:SPRSAV
XP+1,
6'EQXH 530
MOVSPR 6,RSPPOS(XP+1,0), RSPPOS(XP+1,1):SPRITE 6,1, SC(XP)'GHMN
86
JANUARY 1988
POINT
:NEXT'FTGI
[SPACE2]"'BANJ 320
PRINT"[CYAN]";:CHAR FM$(XP),1'CSDK
930'BDPG
[SPACE11]"'BACH
6,53,110
560
580
PRINT CHR$(14)CHR$(11)ES"M[HOME2,
PRINT"[DOWN4,RVS,CYAN]";
8,1'JDLV
570 FOR T=0
CLEAR]";'DLJF 250
6,0#0:MOVSPR
:SPRITE
IF XP=2 THEN M$(1)="[SHFT PjRESS [SHFT N] FOR NATURAL, [SHFT L] FOR [SHFT L,SHFT P] GAS"
4,293,55
DI (0)=180:DI(1)=235:DI(2)=251
rMOVSPR
550
2,133,55
3,213,55:MOVSPR 8,40,52'FWQL
SPRITE 8,0:MOVSPR 6,DI(XP)#SP(XP) :FOR T=l TO SL(XP):NEXT
870'BDOG
XP>0
THEN
FOR
APPR.
TO
SQUARE
3
:VB(T,XP)=VAL(N$):NEXT
:ELSE 890
VB(FU,0)=VAL(NS)'MIDA
RETURN'BAQL Continued on pg. 90
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25 39
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30
Doodle [Crystal Rose}
29
HOME/BUSINESS
Flendraw 5.5 (Inkwell)
29
LightpennOC
75
Lightoen 1B4C
49
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24
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19
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25
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45
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Moving Pictures fCDAl
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39
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49
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25
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25
Art Gallery 1 or II
BESTA/PorA/R
55 45
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Standard Stress lEocviccS
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Draw Plus 1 Aegis)
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Pe1erRabbitReadmgi3'6i
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Peter i Wolf Music 13-71
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Spinnaker Facemaker O-81
22
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6
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MOVING PICTURES
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Analyze 2 0 (Brown W)
99
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CLI-Male (Progress)
29
Express PainifPAfli
59
FACC'ASDG) PHA.S.A.H. (Finally)
25 55 45
Mertin 128 (Roger Wagnen
49
Cardio Exercise (Bodylog)
69
Pagesetter iGolrJDisk)
99
PhvEiam1541 or 1571 (Card)
29
Celebrity Cookbook (Merrill)
25 9 12
Family Tree 128 or 64 fGeie
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45
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Christmas Classics
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39
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Cold Spell or Lam Script
30
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39
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20
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69
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;; why; m m\\ YOUR PICTURES:
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rn memory a! the same time
Just a lew ol it; features are: Allows split-screen operation, oart gra phics pan tent even while your tiovie is running
*
COMBINATION SPECIALS
ReDeat
*
position
CALL FOR LATEST SPECIALS AND PRODUCTS
slop anfl/or
at
any frame
colors
vary
change display
536 en
Hold several movies in memory ana switch instantly from one movie to
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:tlST:S3O:
Write movie scripts in BASIC, using the powerful English-like command set 'or complete control cf your creal'ons Whether you are a programmer or a novice, you'll be able to create spectacu lar animated stories movies, presenta tions or whatever. You can even edit your scripts or eiecute a BASIC program while your movie is Demg displayed. MOVING PICTUHES is an excellent program, and at this price it is an excellent bargain!
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'Sampling
AmigaBASIC Tutorial
'is
'will
both tips on confusing areas and tricks to make your life easier. Rather than an article followed by a program, we have combined them for the
AmigaBASIC,
we
have
two
items
available.
'The first is a command, SAY, and the second is a function, 'TRANSLATES. To use the command SAY, you must prepare your 'text by translating it into a series of phonemes. A "phoneme" 'is a specialized phonetic spelling of the actual words that 'you wish to have spoken. I won't attempt to cover the •entire list of phonemes available, but will direct you to "Appendix H of the AmigaBASIC manual. It is the method used put
these
phonemes
together
that
we
will
look
'First, Let's get our window set up. As before, 'looking REM statements are for AC/BASIC users.
at.
the odd
ON
"
'
ERROR
Get
MENU
3,0,1,""
the Translator
GOTO
:
MENU
4,0,1,""
library
loaded
Handlelt
Intro:
AS
=
"This
is
the
PRINT AS WINDOW OUTPUT
COLOR
3
:
default
mode
for
speech
see
just
Channel
3
=
Channel
1
=
Channel
2
'3 ■A
■
Channel
3
=
Channels
0
&
'5
■
Channels
0
&
1 2
simply
'window and
the
'window.
This
'makes
any
text
at what
'translation
phoneme
also
that
would on
error
and
'the
Mouse
Button
tell
the
we
same
you
and
printed
if
that
in
we
using
didn't
sentence. will
can
the
use
SAY
3
&
3
'9
=
Any
■10 '11
= =
Any pair that uses 1 LEFT and Any available SINGLE channel
channel
stereo
listen
setups,
please
Let's
perform
take
Another
text
into
2
a
is wrong.
trap
Just
click
continue.
of
the array.
If
ement
BASIC
is
'Let's 'and
take a look
listen
to
the
at some of
'Let's set up arrays for easier use 'voices for these demonstrations. Count
=
fl
TO
Count
character
to a
phoneme,
SAY
problem
crops
up
phonemes,
but
pass
if
didn't you
it
know
FOR
have
to SAY
=
0
TO
8
MaleRob%(Count)
Count
=
II
TO
B
READ FemNat*(Count) NEXT Count
as
FOR Count = 0 TO 8 READ MaleNatl(Count)
that in
you
have
upper
case
translated
yourself,
be
simple
things
first. to
watch
for
while
using
FOR
Count Count
READ
-
1
TO
8
Humorous^(Count)
120,0,150,0,22000,64,5,0,8
DATA
220,8,130,0,16000,64,5,0,0
DEFAULT
'Base Pitch 'Inflection Choice
110 0
'Speaking
15fl
Rate
Gender
0
'Sampling Frequency 'Volume 'Audio Channel
22K 64 10
'Synch
B
assign
CHOICES 65
Q
to
220
(Hz)
(natural)
or
1
(robotic)
40 to 400 (words per minute) H (male) or 1 (female) SK to 28K (Hz) 0 (quiet) to 64 (loud) 0 to 11 (See below) H (synch) or 1 (asynch) 0, 1 or 2 (See below) these values is to set up an array
elements
(0
to
8)
and
then
place
it
'directly following the SAY call. For example: 'SAY TRANSLATES ("Hi There"), F.I ementst 'If we had set up Elements! correctly, we would have changed 'the manner in which speech was produced. 'Of the elements listed above. Sampling Frequency, Audio 'Channel and Synchronous/Asynchronous and options should be
JANUARY 1988
in creating
Count
that
the nine
the
8
'We have the ability to control a total of nine factors 'define the manner in which speech is produced from 'AmigaBASIC. These are as fallows:
up of
are:
the variations on these factors
120,1,158,0,22000,64,5,0,0
'made
here
results.
DATA
Asynch
The choices
second SAY statement before
DATA
or
just how your
If you wish
encountered.
finds a
way
'Asynch Options 'The method used to
set
" cur ent one is finished, it will cut off the current 'sta ercent and begin the new statement immediately.
'SAY, let's take a look at the factors that control the 'our voice sounds and which speaker it comes out of.
'Voice
to
of
ent one is finished, it will stop the current eraent and discontinues speech until another SAY
190,1,150,1,22000,64,5,0,0
all
know what
'ITEM
set
statement as the system tried to time. The way around this is
DATA
are
time
any additional SAV statements would
ninth element
*5ta
FOR
phonemes
they we
oc
you plan
If BASIC finds a second SAY statement oefore the 'current one is finished, it will hold the new statement 'until the current cne finishes. If BASIC finds a second SAY statement before the
the
program will
the
this,
the existing SAY them at the sa^ie
DATA
that
the
if
output.
Count
that
take
selects a specific channel,
NEXT
'Now
Therefore,
your
for
'going 'sure
to.
'channels,
NEXT
pass
RIGHT
up
uncomfortable to
'anything but all upper case. If we were to take the word '"book", translate it into a phoneme, but pass it as lower 'case, SAY would give an error condition once again. Book 'translates to "BUHK," but wouldn't work if passed as "buhk" 'or any other upper/lower combination. Therefore, if you are
to
1
READ FemRob%(Count) NEXT Count
translate AS
it.
RIGHT
'an array that
READ
handle
available
'on supporting
NEXT
to
this value
a
'somewhat
TRANSLATES
Fixed:
88
&
'1
AS
'translated your
changing
'from a mono setup, this will be acceptable. If you have 'stereo setup, the results can become unpredictable and
and
2
'Since we didn't
required
'The default (10) selects any available pair [1 left, 1 'right) and sends the speech out that way. If you are working
AmigaBASIC. the TEXT
AS
'how
1 2
Any available LEFT channel
FOR
WINDOW OUTPUT 2 COLOR 3 : PRINT SAY
Channels Channels
■
'clash with 'SAY all of
ProblemExample: CleanScreen WINDOW OUTPUT 1 PRINT AS
DELAY
=
'8
PHONEME
that it.
The
something
things
we
Amiga from printed in
translation
convert
happen
that
'the
version
shows
'6 ' 7
'0 how
the however,
options.
=
•i
'with
to get speech out of our the text of our sentence
the differences that
•a
'couldn't control
basic."
TRANSLATES(A$)
'TRANSLATES 'We can see
'look
amiga
2
WINDOW OUTPUT 1 SAY TRANSLATES(AS) 'In this opening, we
on
in
video
'for your program to wait until each SAY statement is 'executed before continuing, then you would select 'Synchronous mode [the default) for the eighth element of 'the array. If this is the case, then the ninth element is 'ignored, even though you must include something in this 'position of the array. If you wish to allow your program to 'proceed with its operation while SAY handles speech on its 'own, then you would select Asynchronous for this element. 'Once Asynch has been chosen, you must decide just how 'additional SAY statements should be handled. If you
WINDOW l,"Text Window",(B,0)-(631,75),0,-1 MENU 1,0,1,"Exit" MENU 1,1,1,"Exit to BASIC"
"
the more memory
■program acts while speech is being produced.
WINDOW 2,"PHONEME Window",(0,90)-[631,186},0,-1
SAY
frequency,
'The Synchronous/Asynchronous elements decide
Setup:
REM SIGNORE ON MENU 2,0,1,"" : REM SIGNORE OFF
the
take a look at
'available
Speech Tutorial ' In the last installment, we covered the various commands and ■functions that allow us to access Sound from AmigaBASIC. 'This time out, let's take a look at the what's involved 'with invoking the "voice in the machine." from
the higher
make,
•2
speech
like
"Audio channel decides which of the four Amiga voice channels 'the speech should be produced on. The table below lists the
sake of clarity.
'to
that
'will
A short program demonstrates difficult areas of AmigaBASIC, offering
use
be considered
'to produce the sound. Therefore, the biggest tradeoff will 'be between memory constraints and speech quality required. 'The default value of 22030 is a very safe place to work. We
Speech Tutorial
'To
Frequency could
■resolution. The higher the frequency, the better "quality of the sound produced. The one drawback,
190,0,150,1,22030,64,5,0,0
'Now
let's
1 the
same
take
care
of
some
text
strings
for
future
use
in
manner.
FOR Count = 3 TO READ T$(Count)
7
NEXT
Count
DATA DATA DATA
"I am now a female ro bot. boring, huh" "This is a male ro bot. Not much better." "As a pseudo-natural female, things are a little better."
DATA
"This
DATA DATA DATA
"We can get very ridiculous if we want "Using this voice, I can tell humorous "or become a creature of ridicule in a
DATA
"And
is
we
the
are
guy
all
that
you
available
met
to
in
you
the
from
beginning."
to." stories," fantasy tale." Amiga
BASIC."
CleanScreen
WINDOW OUTPUT WINDOW OUTPUT SAY
1 2
: :
COLOR COLOR
1 3
: :
PRINT PRINT
TRANSLATES[TS(0)),FemRob*
TS (0) TRANSLATES(TS(0)J
Continued on pg. 90
An open letter to the readers of Commodore Richard Olsen President: The Ennon Corporation My purpose in writing is to ask
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This is unfortunate but somewhat
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1718 Connecticut Ave. N.W.. Suite 410
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recisiered trademark.
Game Programs/Castrovia
AmigaBASIC Tutorial
Continued from pg. 80
Con tm ueil from pt>. 88
880 885
PRINT T$[l) WINDOW OUTPUT COLOR 3 PRINT TRANSLATES(TS(1)) SAV TRANSLATES(TS (1)) ,MaleRob%
WINDOW OUTPUT
WINDOW
OUTPUT
1
COLOR
1
COLOR
1
8 90
PRINT TS 12)
WINDOW OUTPUT 2 COLOR 3 SAY TRANSLATES(TS [2) ] ,FerrN
PRINT tl
1
:
COLOR
1
TS(3|
WINDOW OUTPUT
2
:
COLOR
3
TRANSLATES(TS(3))
TRANSLATES(TS(3)).Male Hnt%
SAY
WINDOW OUTPUT
1
:
COLOR
1
T${4)
2 : COLOR 3 PRINT TRANSLATES US(4)) SAY TRANSLATES (T$ M ) ) ,HUITO Oust
WINDOW OUTPUT
WINDOW OUTPUT
1
:
COLOR
1
WINDOW OUTPUT
2
:
COLOR
3
PRINT TRANSLATES(TS(5))
SAY
T$(5)
TRANSLATES(TS(5)),Humo
WINDOW OUTPUT WINDOW OUTPUT SAY
1 2
: :
COLOR COLOR
1 3
PRINT PRINT
TS(6) TRANSLATES(TS(6))
TS(7)
TRANSLATES(TS(6)),Humo
WINDOW
OUTPUT
COLOR
WINDOW
OUTPUT
COLOR
PRINT TRANSLATES !T5 (7))
SAY
TRANSLATES<TS(7)),FemSat%
YourTurn:
CleanScreen
AS
=
"Now
type
AS
■
ti$
"You may
change
AS
■
AS +
"name
the SAY state ment.,
AS
■
AS
"blank
SAY
*
+
in
text
in
line
that
to
you wish
the
for
voicing
me
to
say.,"
by changing
hit
the
re turn
array"
on any"
end."
TRANSLATES(AS),MaleNat*
WHILE
AS
<>
""
WINDOW OUTPUT
LINE
1
:
COLOR
1
INPUT AS
IF AS <>
"" THEN
WINDOW OUTPUT 2 : COLOR 3 PRINT TRANSLATES[AS] SAY TRANSLATES (AS) ,KaleNatt END WEND
Cleanup
1 the 'is
notice
spell ing due
to
'correct
that
of
the
103*
■particular
I
of
have
some
fact
of
the
made
the
that
some
words
time.
The
slight modifications
in
TRANSLATES
the
text
can't
only way
spellings cause problems
get
to
is
strings. Che
'pronounced
'Chis was
as
in
SO
BOT
the word
instead
of
RAH
STATEMENT.
By
'syllables, translator recognized 'proper phoneme mixture.
to
This
determine which
to play with them and
'If you
are
interested
in
B3T.
Anocher
simply
the
long
learning
'from Compote!
Books.
'of
the
describing
a
The authors
process
relatively complete
•combinations available AmigaBASIC.
'Until
next
to
in
listing you
using
and
to
a
phDnemes
of
the
Che
of
the
made
a
create
a
phoneme
I will direct you the chapter 6, Amiga Basic,
have done
which
example
separating A
how
'string without Che use of the translacor, 'Co Appedix H in the AmicaSASIC manual and '"Speech Synthesis," in the book, Advanced
fantastic
are
created
various
SAY
job and
sound
scatemenc
in
time...taj.
Handlelt:
SAY TRANSLATES("I
can't
handle
PRINT "See what I mean? Click WHILE MOUSE(0) = 0 ! WEHD GOTO Fixed SUB
CleanScreen
1
CLS
WINDOW OUTPUT COLOR 1
2
CLS
END
SUB
SUB
DELAY(Count!)
current
WHILE
■
SUB
SUB
Cleanup
the
if
they
are phonemes.")
Mouse."
SOUND'BFYF
905
FOR
XX=1
910 915 920
POKE POKE POKE
925 930
FOR DD-1 TO 10: NEXT POKE SS+4,129'CHBI
935
FOR
940
:NEXT DD,XX'JVKV FOR XX=SS TO SS+24:POKE :NEXT XX'GQYP
945 950
POKE POKE
955 960 965 970
POKE SS+6,15*16+10'EKER FOR XX= 255 TO 100 STEP POKE SS+1,XX'CGSQ POKE SS+4,17'CGYM
975
NEXT
XX'BCYQ
980
POKE
SS+24,15'CHWN
985 990
POKE POKE
SS+1,15'CGTS SS+4,128'CHAO
995
FOR XX=1 TO 900:NEXT XX :FOR XX=SS TO SS+24:POKE
TO
5:POKE
X:END'FJRU
SS+24,15'FMGO
SS+5,9'CFDG SS+1,20'CGPL SS+4,128'CHAH
DD=1
DD'EICO
TO(50*INT(10*RND(1)+1))
XX,0
SS+24,7'CGAO SS+5,12*16+0'EJBM -1.4'FLEO
XX,0
END
Continued from pg. 86
910
END'BACE
930
FOR
950 960
:NEXT:RETURN'GJTM IF FUO2 THEN RETURN'FDPL FMS(2)=NA$(A):VA(2,2)=NA(A)'CAGP
970
GOTO
980
N$="
990
WINDOW
T-l
TO
3:PRINT"[CYAN,RVS]"SP$
490'BDML BCKM
. XP*10+2,YP*7+5,XP*10+7,
YP*7+5fl'JYUX l'JYUX 1000 DO:GET KEY A$:IF $ INSTR(KY$f A$)=0 THEN 980'HQTB 1010
1050 1060
1070
IF AS=CHR$(13)THEN EXIT'FGCX N$=NS+A$'CGOW LEN(N$)>6 OR "S>~ A$="[CLEAR] IF Lj^in \ li s> / f w "~"*i<_uuni\ "THEN N$="":PRINT"[CLEAR]" ":PRINT"[CLEAR]" :GOTO 1050'JPOG PRINT"[CYAN]"TAB(6-LEN N$'EIVB LOOP'BAKX . PRINT"[HOME2]":RETURN'CBJA PRINT"
1080
MS(1)="[SHFT N]O INPUT REQUIRED."'BFXH WINDOW 1,22,38,24,1'BNTE
1090
FOR
2
1100 1110 1120
TB=(38-LEN(MS(T)))/2'EOIY PRINT"[GRAY3]"TAB(TB)M$(T)"CIWX M$(T)="":NEXT'CGGX
OFF
1130
PRINT"[HOME2]":RETURN'CBJX
<
current
♦
Countl
:
WEND
long.")
REM SIGNORE ON WINDOW 1, "BASIC",(0,0)-(617,IBS),31,-1 RESET
SICNORE
5000:NEXT
128 Users Only/128 Mode
1040
STATIC
WINDOW CLOSE
TO
:NEXT XX:RETURN'LCJF 1000 PRINT"YOU CAN'T PUT REGULAR TROOPS IN ":RETURN'CBOD
1030
STATIC
SAY TRANSLATES("So
REM
X=l
REM
1020
TIMER
TIMER
END
those
STATIC
WINDOW OUTPUT
MENU
FOR
900
phonetics
■ listen to them after running your text through the 'translator. If it doesn't sound correct, try subtle ■spelling changes. Above, by simply separating the syllables 'of ROBOT made Che difference between hearing Che word
'give
895
IF
'You'll
PRINT"[DOWN]BARBLES",BA(1), BA(2)'BMPQ
TRANSLATES(TS(2))
WINDOW OUTPUT
PRINT" ",N1$,N2S'BIMM PRINT"TROOPS",R(1),R(2)'BKJT
T=0
TO
3'DDQE
END
END 90
JANUARY 1988
END
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De:u«o cosmetic. Robust construction Joystick Comfortable rugged hand grip. 8Directionoi control, will automatically come bock (o the center when you lei It dee Heavy duty dose with strong/stabilizing suchoncups Four highly sensitive, light touch tire buttons Two tire buttons on heavy1 duty baso. Othef two tire buttons on control
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BMX RACER GOLDEN TALISMEN SLUGGER (BASEBALL) SPEED KING
5 A SLIDE SOCCER VIDEO POKER
ELEKTRAGLIDE
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NINJA
KICKSTART
3 99
UPDATE-
by Graham Kinsey
Amiga Public Domain Software What*a new for the Amiga in the public domain? Here are some of the more recent public domain
programs for the Amiga.
For the first time since I have been writing this column, no new Fish disks have been released However. 1 do have a number of programs from PeopleLink and from local bulletin boards to talk about, so all is not lost. The best pub lic domain programs this month are ComniandReg. a program which adds a
whole new dimension to AmigaDOS batch files, and PacMan87. an excellent shareware arcade game. For each pro gram, the author is given, and if that PD program is available on the Fish or AMICUS of public domain disks, the number is given before the description. I do not keep track of which programs are available on PeopleLink here since virtu ally all of the programs mentioned in this column are available for downloading in the libraries in the Amiga Zone on PeopleLink (ifnot by the time I write this, then certainly by the time this column is published i. When a public domain pro gram has been classified as shareware, this is also mentioned, with the suggested amount.
Cancel: by Bryce Nesbitt If you are tired of having to answer sys tem requesters, here is a program that can answer them automatically for you. When you run Cancel, the next time a system requester comes up. Cancel will automatically select the Cancel gadget for you. Since most requesters ask you to in sert a disk (that you don't want to use any more), or something else trivial, many people like to kill those requesters im mediately. This program would be useful to those who are running GOMF ireviewed in the November 87 installment of this column), since this program will al ways take care of the "Task Held" request
er and bring you immediately to the GOMF window. 92
JANUARY 1988
Finish: by Mark Wolfskehl Multitasking usually makes things a lot easier on the Amiga. But when two si multaneously running programs want to access the same storage drive, multitask ing only makes things worse. On the Amiga if two programs both want to ac cess the same drive, they will each be al lotted a short amount of time for drive ac cess. before1 they are forced by Exec to give up access to that storage device to the oth er task which is waiting its turn. The reason why this is so bad is because if each program is trying to access data that lies on a separate track, the drive
head will be constantly switching between tracks every time one task gives up access of the drive. Not only does this slow things down, but you will also experience that hideous "gronking" noise when the drive head is constantly moving. Finish can eliminate these problems. Finish will force a task that has just decided to re quest access to a drive already being used to wait until the task that is using the drive is completely finished. The only bad point about Finish is that it must be ex ecuted each time you want to use its fea ture. Therefore, you are forced to load Fin ish into memory in order to gain any real benefit. At least you don't have to allow tasks to fight over access to a drive land cause undue wear on your drivel.
Mousetalker: by Rod Molina This program is designed as an aid for
Journal (reviewed in the December '87 in stallment of this column). Mousetalker
will speak whenever a keyboard input mouse movement or mouse button input has been performed during the playback of a Journal file, so that you can more clearly understand what is happening during the playback of any Amiga session that has been recorded with Journal.
XoKUCKstart: by Bryce Nesbitt The Amiga floppy drives can be very an noying! If you've ever experienced the tor turous noise caused by not having a disk in an Amiga floppy drive, I'm sure you'll agree, NoKLICKstart will eliminate this
dreadful noise. The big catch is that this program changes a bit in the Kickstart code. Therefore, those who have Kickstart in ROM are out of luck. Autotest: by Michael Hitch Autotest will test the performance of your hard lor floppy) drive. It will peiform both sequential reads and random reads for testing purposes. Also included is a program called DiskVerify, which will ver ify even1 cylinder on a floppy or hard disk to ensure that there are no errors. CommandReq: by Jay Johnson and Sam Morse CommandReq is an extremely handy program for writing batch files and Continued on pg. 9-1
TEVEX Computer Software 1-800-554 -1162\ SSI
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1
Amiga Public Domain Update" Continued from pg. 92
startup-sequences. CommandReq allows you to create yes/no questions concerning whether a certain command should be ex ecuted or not. CommandReq is unique in that it will bring up a standard system re quester, asking you if you want that par ticular command executed or not. There will be three options available as gadgets: Yes (executes the commandi, No (skips the command and continues on with the batch file), and Stop (halts execution of the batch file). The command in question will be displayed inside a string gadget, which can be edited if you want to alter the command, or even change it entirely! When writing the batch file, you can specify a timeout, which when the amount of time specified for the timeout has ex pired, will automatically select one of the three gadgets. Of course, you choose which option will be selected by default. Not only does this offer a lot of power and flexibility when creating batch files, it also makes a batch file much more userfriendly. Dbuglin: by Steve Raineri For C programmers i or for any pro grammer who uses a language that doesn't have line numbers), who find it a pain to have to count lines while debug ging, Dbuglin will add line numbers to ev ery tenth line. It adds them as comments. Dbuglin can revise source code that al ready has been numbered, and has had lines added or deleted. Gauge: by Peter de Silva If you like the fuel gauges in Work bench that display how full a disk is, but don't like Workbench in general, here's a program you might want to try. Gauge
displays memory usage, with a Work bench-type fuel gauge. Gauge can be moved and resized at any time.
cleaned, here's a program that will make the drives spin so you can clean the heads. TTT: by Ron Carlton Here's a 3D Tic-Tac-Toe game that uses
the computer for one of the players. You can decide if you want to go first or last.
HDbackup: by Charles Carter If you are unfortunate enough as to not receive a backup program with your hard drive, here's a very simple program that will fill in the gap. HDbackup does noth ing other than backing up a hard drive or restoring a backup hard drive. Be sure to format lots of floppies before you start the backup. Access: by Keith Young Access is another terminal program based on version 1.34 of the Communica tor, the very popular terminal program by Dan James. The biggest new feature in Access is that it supports 16 different col ors (including colored backgrounds). The Silver Demo: by Impulse Inc. A very nicely done animation demo which shows off what can be created with Silver, a Hold and Modify frame anima tion package from Impulse (makers of Prism, a HAM painting program). Silver
basically allows you to create Juggler-type demos. Esuom: by Sean Riddle
Another graphics display hack, you might have noticed that "esuom" is "mouse" spelled backwards. That's all that needs to be said about this program! FastDOS: by Martin Taillefer A simple 20-line program that speeds up AmigaDOS. FastDOS will speed up AmigaDOS by a small amount, .75 per cent (that's .75 percent, not 75 percent!). The source code is provided (C program mers take note; this code is written in Modula-2, but porting it shouldn't be a problem).
Microhost: by Michael Cox (Shareware: amount not specified) Microhost is a miniature bulletin board system. It allows people to call you via mo dem, and have your computer answer automatically just like a real bulletin board. Microhost features include twoway message support, Xmodem uploads and downloads, chat, password protection, bulletins and more, from the Sysop's end Microhost can also double as a simple terminal program.
Kickbcnch version 1.2: by Alonzo Gariepy This program is an update to the origi nal version of Kickbench (reviewed in the August 87 installment >f this column). Kickbench will now work correctly with version 1.2 (release) Kickstart and Work bench disks.
Scrub: author unknown If you think that disk heads should be
screen. You must select the drive that you want to use when you load Sectorama.
94
JANUARY 1988
Sectorama: by David Joiner
Sectorama is a disk editor, that displays a wealth of information due to its high-res
Sectorama has the potential to be able to edit a simulated storage device that is cre ated out of a RAM disk. Demolition: by Kriton Kyrimis If you ever wondered what it would be like to play a game of Breakout on your Workbench screen, with the window, icons and drawers on the screen acting as the "bricks," here's a good demo of such an event.
You don't have to spend forty dollars in order to entertain yourself on your Amgia. Not only are there many programmers out there who are writing original, chal lenging public domain and shareware games for your Amiga, but there are also others working night and day to port over popular board games and games from oth er computing environments. Even if you don't like a certain public domain game, at least you haven't parted with a wad of cash. Hack: by John Thebes (Fish 7,8,25,62) This game is a port over from the Unix world. Hack is another D&D type game,
where the ultimate goal is to retrieve the Amulet of Yendor. This Amulet is located deep inside a multi-level dungeon. You can choose one of six different character classes for your alter ego: Cave-Man, Fighter, Knight, Wizard, Speliologist, and Tourist. Hack in its original form (and in version 1.0.1A on the Amiga) relies solely on complexity and richness for its enter tainment, for there are no graphics, only ASCII characters for representation of the monsters, treasures, and all the other ob jects in Hack. This lack of graphics for the Amiga version of Hack was rectified with version 1.0. IE of Hack for the Amiga. The ASCII characters were replaced with 8 col or graphic characters. There have been many more enhance ments in the latest version, 1.0.3D. There is a new set of graphics characters which
look much better than the set in 1.0.1E. Whenever you die, a "death scene" is load ed up. This death scene in a nice IFF pic ture, and the program will even personal ize the picture for you, saying who you were and how you died. There is also a new parameter file, which allows you to
decide such things as whether you want to use the space bar for pausing, whether
you want the inventory sorted by item type and whether your character is male or female. As for the game itself, let me say that it
can be quite addictive! The big challenge
Continued on pg. 96
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Amiga Public Domain Update Continued from pg. 94
when playing Hack is often not whether you can keep all the nasty monsters from killing you, but will you be able to find enough food so that you don't starve to death! Only two of the six classes are al lowed to bring any food with them, and both the Tourist and Speleologist classes are quite weak and barely able to stay alive in this vicious world for long. Note that there is a special "Wizard" mode, which allows you to get used to the game and its idiosyncrasies (by basically mak ing you invulnerable), but your score won't get saved whenever you are playing in Wizard mode. Conquest: by Rob Shimbo (Fish 10.24) This game is ported over from Unix.
The object of this interstellar conquest game is to colonize as many planets as possible and to build the population of your empire as high as you can. You play against the computer only; there is no pro vision for more than one person to play. Since this game is a straight port from the Unix world, the graphics are of the crude ASCII type. However, there is a decent amount of complexity and strategy in volved, so if you don't care about graphics. then this game might please you.
Pacman87: by Steve Jacobs and Jim Boyd (Shareware: $10)
Here is one of the best public domain games to appeal' in a while. This is not just a cheap copy of the original game. PacMan87 has five different screens all interconnected via tunnels and staircases. If you're stuck on a particular screen, just move on to the next screen. There are also many traps laid throughout the screens, including fire pits, flame throwers and electric airs. PacManS? keeps a top ten score list and has difficulty levels, digi tized sounds, and a pause button. If you're looking for a good arcade game, check out PacMan87.
Yachtc: by Sheldon Leemon (Fish 10; Amicus 2) The popular dice game, up to four peo ple can play at once. Backgammon: bv David Addison (Fish 28) A simple implementation of the game Backgammon. The doubling cube is not used in this game, and no score is kept. You cannot play against another person. Cribbage: by David Addison (Fish 28) Another computer version of an old board game. 96
JANUARY 1988
Milestone: by David Addison (Fish 28) Computer version of the French card game Milboume. You cannot play against another person. The sound effects do add a bit to the enjoyment The computer has one flaw in its strategy which will give ex perienced Milboume players enough of an edge to win the majority of the time. Score can be kept after each game if you like. the grand total goal being 5000 miles. This one can be slightly addictive. Othello: by David Addison (Fish 28) In this version of Othello, the board is tilted, giving a quasi-3D look to the game. You select the position you want to place your piece by clicking with the mouse on one of four arrows that move a pointer. You can not play against another person. Canfield and Klondike Solitaire: by David Addison (Fish 32) Both of these solitaire games use a 640 by 200 graphics mode, which allows a good display of the cards. The sound effect of picking up putting down a card is some what realistic. I found the Klondike ver sion to be the more entertaining of the
it played back later. The only complaint, if any, is that the game really isn't played in
real-time; it takes a little while to draw the land each time to change views, but that may be nit-picking a bit too much. You can choose whether the graphics screen uses four or five bit-planes. TunnelYision: by David Addison i Fish 36) This is a maze game. But the perspec tive is a true 3D one, from within the maze. And there are complications, that turn this simple maze game into a real challenge. First of all, your vehicle can leave a trail as you wander through the maze, and if you track back over that trail, your vehicle's battery will start to
drain. If your battery becomes completely drained, your short-range view will dete riorate, making it very difficult to see. And if you should happen to bump into a wall, your vehicle will sustain damage. If you sustain too much damage, your longrange view will malfunction. The longrange scanner shows where you have traveled. You can view the maze, but you can only do so three times.
two.
Puzzle: by Bill Beogelein (Fish 32; Shareware: amount not specified) A simple little puzzle program. Fifteen square pieces in a four by four box, with only one space vacant at a time. The ob ject being to get the numbered square in numerical order.
Triclops: By Geodesic Publications (Fish 35) This game is a public domain version of a game put out by Geodesic Publications, released for promotional purposes. The public domain version is a complete game in itself. The object to protect your city from being destroyed by five Triclops walkers' which look similar to the AT-AT walkers in Star Wai's). You have three jet fighters and two self-detonating mobile tanks with which to accomplish your task. Control of the fighter is done completely via the mouse. Not only can you move in all three dimensions, but you can also ro tate the jet along any of the three axis. You can even fly into space, in order to de stroy the mother ship space hull. The graphics are very nice indeed, especially the earth, which is drawn via geodesic fractals. This allows several levels of de tail to be available for representing por tions of the earth, Everything is drawn in a true 3D perspective. You can even re cord your playing session, and then have
Revcrsi: by Manuel Almudevar (Fish 38) This version of Othello has several op tions. First of all, there are five difficulty levels. Second, you can ask the computer to show you all possible moves. The com puter can also suggest a move to you. You can decide whether you want the comput er to speak to you. This program inns at a low priority, so that if you are playing with a high difficulty level, you can easily run and use other programs while the comput er is thinking about its next move. Cosmoriods: by John Harris
(Fish 40; AMICUS 15; Shareware: $6) Asteroids for the Amiga. This program uses the keyboard for controls. The rocks have some color to them, but otherwise this game will wear thin on most people rather quickly. Missile Defense: by Glen Merriman (Fish 50; AMICUS 16; Shareware: $5) This game is of course a copy of Missile Command. Let me say first that because this program was written entirely in as sembly language (a rarity among Amiga
programs), it is fasti For once, multitask ing may be necessary in order to slow the missiles down enough for most mortals to have a fighting chance. The sounds in this game are outstanding, especially the opening "scream,"' since the sounds are di gitized. If you like, you can replace the
Amiga Public Domain Update supplied sounds with your own, as long as
they are in IFF format. If you send in the five dollar shareware fee, not only will you receive the source to the program, but you will also receive a copy of Glen's machine language monitor/debugger. Cos: by Steve Michel (Fish 51) A Wheel ofFortune game. Up to four people can play at once. The only problem I saw with this game is that not enough of the screen is devoted to the wheel itself. There aren't even any numbers on the wheel. Clue: by Greg Pryor (Fish 45) The popular board game. You can't play against another person, but you can choose how many computer opponents you have. You can also decide how smart your opponents are (the perfect option!). All input is via the mouse. 3D Breakout: by Tim Kemp (Fish 50; AMCUS 15; Shareware: amount not specified) An old favorite with a unique twist. This version of'Breakout truly is 3D, but you will able to play the game as it is in tended only if you are wearing a pair of red/blue 3D glasses. The field of play is a box, with bricks on four sides: in back, on top, and to the left and right. Your paddle floats where the bottom of the box would be, but the ball will fall out of the box if you don't intercept it with your paddle.
Larn: by Edmund Bumette (Fish 63) Another Unix port, this game has some similarity to Hack but with a lot more to offer. Your daughter has been stricken with a deadly disease, and the only chance to save her is to find a very rare and magi cal potion that will cure her disease in a limited amount of time. When you start Lara, instead of being immediately in a dungeon, you end up on the surface, in the middle of a little adventuring town. In this town there is a bank, a college where you can take such courses as Applied Wiz ardry, Behavioral Psychology, and Con temporary Dance. There is a shop where you can buy all the equipment that you can afford, and another shop that will buy back new and used items for cash. There is even a tax office (more on that later). While Hack characters have only a strength attribute, Larn characters have all six of the classic D&D attributes. An other major feature in Larn that is not in Hack is spell casting. Characters can ac tually cast spells that they have learned
from reading spell books. Unlike Hack, hunger is not a factor, but time is. It is easier to feed yourself than to go back in time! Another difference between Larn and Hack is that Lam has difficulty lev els. You stail off at difficulty level zero, and then if and when you complete the game (which isn't overly difficult), the next time you boot up Larn, you will start the game over at difficulty level one. Not only is the game generally harder, but you don't even get a measly dagger and leath er armor with which to protect yourself. If this weren't bad enough, you will now owe taxes on the valuables owned by you when you won the game at the previous difficul ty level! Of course you don't inherit any thing that you had from the last game. Like Hack, Lam has similar graphics characters (you can even interchange characters between Larn and Hack 1.0.3D). There is also a "wizard" option in Lam, as well as a parameter file. One last piece of advice. Even though your charac ter doesn't have to eat. make sure that you take a break once in a while so that you can feed yourself! Daleks: by Robert Paauwe (Shareware: $10) This game is based on the "Doctor
THELOWEST
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Who" television show. You have to try to avoid the Daleks, who are chasing you around the screen. Your main defense is to try to force the Daleks to crash into each other. If some get too close, you can use your sonic screwdriver to destroy them. The sonic screwdriver will only work once per screen. You can also teleport at any time to another area of the screen, but you could teleport on top of a Dalek. A nice feature of this program is that you can let the Amiga take control of your character, and watch her play the game. Expect a lot of new PD programs in next month's column. As always, I can be reached in the Amiga Zone on PeopleLink (ED: G KINSEY), or on the IDCMP BBS (617-769-8444,8pm-8am). If you have written a PD/shareware program or have obtained one that you think is worth men tioning to all Amiga owners, then please attempt to contact me. See you next month.
Fish disks: For a catalog, send a SASE and four loose stamps, or $1 to: Fred Fish, 1346 W. 10th Place, Tempe, AZ 85281. AMICUS Disks; $7per disk, or send $1 for a catalog to: PiM Publications, P.O. Box 869, Fall River, MA 02722. a
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97
by Stephen Rodda
COMPUTER TUTOR
Custom Screen Designer
Instructions
Pressing F6 will display two pages of instructions. As explained before, these instructions give a general description of how to use Custom Screen Designer, and give the names of the functions along with the keys needed to call them.
Create multi-color graphics screens for your games, add neatly organized instruction pages to your business programs, make impressive title screens or just have fun creating pictures, all with this easy-to-use, user friendly utility for the Commodore 64. Custom Screen Designer is a screen creating utility which lets you create multi-color screens using any graphics
character, number, letter, and color avail able on the 64. These screens may be saved on disk or tape and recalled through your own programs.
After a screen has been loaded, a simple SYS command instantly sets up the screen, the border color, and the back ground color in less than a second. The screen may then be cleared and recalled as many times as you wish by using the same SYS command. When you first run Custom Screen De signer, you have an option of displaying instructions. These instructions give a general description of how to create a screen and list the functions available with the keys needed to call them. After viewing the instructions, you will see a blank screen with a flashing cursor. To create a screen, you may now press any
key on the keyboard, and use any modes such as reverse or quote mode. To change
the color of the cursor, use the standard CTRL key with a number key. or the
COMMODORE key with a number key. There are a number of functions that can help when creating a screen â&#x20AC;&#x201D; they are as follows.
Memorize
Memorize lets you do as the name says. memorize the screen. The purpose of this function is to store a screen in memoiy. The monitor screen may be cleared (using the SHIFT and CLR HOME keys) without affecting the stored screen. A new screen can be worked on and at any time the old
screen may be recalled using the recall
function. To memorize a screen, press the Fl function key. The border color will change for a split second and return to its 98
JANUARY 1988
Load
previous color. This is just to show that the screen has been memorized.
Recall
Recall will retrieve a memorized screen along with the border and background col ors that were memorized with the screen. This will erase the screen being displayed at the time the recall function is executed and will not store it before doing so. If a re call function is executed, the screen being worked on should be saved to disk or tape if desired. By pressing F2. the previously memorized screen will be recalled.
FlipX
The Flip X function will flip the screen on the X-axis, a horizontal line in the mid dle of the screen. In effect, this turns the screen upside down. When flipping a sci'een with graphics characters, such as a heart (SHIFT S), the heart will be moved to its corresponding line on the opposite side of the axis, but the heart itself will not be turned upside down. This function should primarily be used with text, re versed spaces, or other symmetrical char acters. Pressing F3 will flip the screen on its X-axis. Tb flip the screen back to its original condition, press F3 again.
FlipY
The Flip Y function will flip the screen on its Y-axis, a vertical line in the middle of the screen. As with the Flip X function. Flip Y will only move the character; it will not turn the character itself around. This also should primarily be used with text and symmetrical characters. To flip the screen on the Y-axis, press F4.
Reverse
The revei-se function will reverse any character on the screen. A reversed char acter is simply an eight pixel by eight pixel box with all pixels illuminated ex cept the ones that form the character. Press F5 to reverse a screen.
The load function will load a Custom Screen Designer file fixim a disk or tape and display it on the screen. When load ing a screen, it will not erase a memorized screen. If desired, a memorized screen may be recalled after a file has been load ed. To load a screen, press FT. A prompt asking for the filename will appear. Type the filename, no more than sixteen char acters will be accepted, and press RE TURN. You will then be asked if you are using a disk or tape. Press "D" followed by a RETURN if you are loading from a disk. or "T" followed by a RETURN if you are loading from a tape. Then, after answer ing an "OK TO CONTINUE" prompt with "Y" or "N," the file will load and the loaded screen will appeal' with a flashing cursor.
Save
The save function will save the screen that was displayed before calling this function. It will not save a stored sci'een. Tb save a screen, press FS. A prompt ask ing for the filename will appeal'. Type the filename, no more than 16 characters will be accepted, and press RETURN. You will then be asked if you are using disk or tape. Type "D" for disk or'T' for tape, fol lowed by a RETURN. After answering an "OK TO CONTINUE" prompt with "Y" or "N," the sci'een will be saved. When Custom Sci'een Designer saves a screen, it also saves a short machine lan guage routine to recall the screen. This is located at 34770 or (S87D2). while the data for the screen and it color is located at 32768 or ($8000). A screen saved on a disk takes nine blocks or 2K, and a screen saved on tape takes 20 tape counters to save.
Loading Screens Through BASIC Programs Once a screen has been created and saved, it may be loaded in immediate mode or through your own programs. lb load a screen in immediate mode, a simple LOAD"FILENAME".8,1 <RETURN> for disk or LOAD"FILENAME",U<RE-
Computer Tutor/Custom Screen DesignerTURN> for tape, followed by a SYS 34770 <RETURN>, will load and display the screen. A special technique, described below, must be used to load to a screen through your own programs. After a file has been loaded through a program, the computer automatically gives control to the first line of the pro gram in memory. When loading a file, this is a problem that should be avoided by loading the file in the beginning of ihe BASIC program. The following line should be used to load a file, and should be the first line of the program. DISK 10 IFA = 0THEN A= 1: LOAD"FILENAME",8,1
continues to the next line.
Anytime after the LOAD, a SYS 34770 command may be inserted into the BASIC program. This SYS will instantly display the screen, the border color, and the back ground color of the file that was just loaded. The method just described may not be used to load more than one file. To load more than one file through a program, a short subroutine is needed: 1000
LL=LEN(NA$) :FOR
DD=1
:POKE
TAPE
1020
POKE
10 IF A = 0 THEN A = 1: LOAD-FILE NAME ",1.1
1030
:POKE :POKE
POKE
780,1:POKE
781,8
782,1:SYS
65466
780,LL:POKE
This subroutine can be placed any where in a program and may be called by a GOSUB command at any time. Before calling it. NAS must be set to the name of the file to be loaded. This routine will load as many files as desired provided NA$ is set to the new filename each time the rou tine is called. For example, to load and display throe different screens iSCREEN :POKE
Entry Program "The BAMC programed iliis mag-i/im.* an1 availalile mi di-k I mm loadstar
P.O.Box30008.Shrcvcpon LA 7H5O-OO0"1, I-800-83] IW4
Tfi
Custom Screen Designer Z=6:Zl=6:PRINT
CHR$(147)
CHR$(5):POKE
38
34847,6
40
:POKE
34848,6'IHRM
42
4
GOSUB
168:POKE
44
6
GOSUB
170:SYS
650,128'CLTF 49152:GOSUB
104
46
CHRS(147)'FTDK
8
SYS
10 12
:H=PEEK(781)'FTPN IF B>39 THEN B = B-40:GOTO IF B>40 THEN H=H-1'FGQD
14
49574:B=PEEK(782)
10'GKY.C
PEEK(B)=32
THEN
POKE
THEN
E=E+F:POKE
20
GET
22 24
IF PEEK(214)=24 THEN GOSUB 28'FJJE IF A$OtM1THEN POKE B,D:PRINT AS;
26
GOTO
28
IF
B,E:F=-F'FKKK
30 32
THEN 34
IF
In line 10, NAS is set to the filename of the first file, SCREEN 1. The next com mand i GOSUB 10001 causes the program to jump to the subroutine (shown above! that loads the file. The file is then loaded
mand will display the screen that was just loaded. Line 20 and line 30 act the same way as line 10 except NAS is set to the new filename each time. The load routine assumes that the disk drive is being used as the source of the file. To change it so that the tape drive may be used, the POKE 781,8 command in line 1010 must be changed to read POKE 781.1. It should be noted that only one screen may be displayed or stored in memory at a time. However, it is possible to have a Screen displayed and have a different screen stored in memory at the same time.
n 49647,Zl
62'IHIO SYS
49622
IF
A$=CHR$(134)THEN
IF
SYS SYS
49261'FMGM 49366'FMQF
SYS
49486'FMQH
IF
A$=CHRS(138)THEN A$=CHR$(135)THEN A$=CHR$(139)THEN
IF
A$=CHRS(136)THEN
IF
IF
58
60 62 64
AS=CHRS(17)OR
:POKE
53280,Z:IF
GOSUB 122'FKGJ GOTO 66'FJOK
GOSUB Z=Z+1
Z>15
A$=CHR$(22)THEN 53281,Z1:IF
IF
78'FJQM
THEN
Z=0'LWTN
Z1=Z1+1 Zl>15
THEN
P=l
A$<CHRS(141)
66 68
88'IODJ
THEN
P=0:D=PEEK(B)' GJCL
RETURN'BAQH SYS
49152:POKE X=0
POKE
53280,Z:POKE
:POKE
TO
53280, Z + l
:FOR
99:NEXT'HUHR 34847,Z
34848,Zl'DYTR
RETURN'BAQC POKE
53280,Z + 1:FOR
X:POKE
X=0
TO
100
53280,Z:RETURN'IANO
Z=PEEK(4 9646):Z1=PEEK(4964 7) :POKE
A$ = lM" LVBR
AS=CHRS(133)THEN
34770
52
59
18'BCQE
GOSUB
:SYS
IF A$=CHRS(137)THEN :GOSUB 64'GPJL
:NEXT
RETURN'BAQY IF A$>CHRS(132)AND
1000
NA$="SCREEN
A$=CHRS(140)THEN
8'HLCI
A$=CHRS(141)THEN
3":GOSUB
30
A$=CHR$(2)THEN
32'CFYA
AS=CHR$(13)OR
1000
34770
IF
54
18
:GOTO
2":GOSUB
:SYS
50
F=-F'JTMN A$:GOSUB
20
49646,Z:POKE
:GOSUB
:POKE
C,
D>127
1000
IF
56
D=PEEK(B):E=D:F=128:IF
1":GOSUB
:SYS 34770 NA$="SCREEN
Z1=0'LDJQ
PEEK(646)'NIKQ 16
NA$="SCREEN
48
G=H*40+1024:B=B+G:C=54272+B
:IF
65469
65493
:RETURN
fu-ftiri' typing [ins program, read ' Ho» to Entci Programs" and "Hot in Use tlic Magazine
2
781,34
782,136:SYS
780,0:S¥S
10
and the program returns to the SYS 34770 command in line 10. This SYS com
1)+CHRS (0) ) :NEXT POKE
time because A was set to one. The line is ignored the second time and the program
LL
34849+DD,
ASC(MID$(NA$,DD, 1010
After typing RUN. A will be equal to zero therefore the program will proceed and set A to one. The program then loads the file that is indicated by the LOAD command. Because a load function was executed, the computer gives control to the first line of the program, which is line 10. The statement IF A - 0 is not true this
TO
1. SCREEN 2. SCREEN3I, one after the other following program should be used:
53280,Z:POKE
53281,Z1
:RETURN"HLLS GOSUB 58'BCYI PRINT
CHR$(147)CHR$(18)CHRS(5)CHRS
(17)"LOAD"CHRS(14 6)CHR$<17)'HAQU SYS
49588
70
POKE
53280/6:POKE
53281,6'CPXH COMMODORE MAGAZINE
99
Computer Tutor/Custom Screen Designer 72
GOSUB :SYS
74
SYS
90:IF
49537:SYS
GOSUB 76
78
OKSO"Y"THEN
49217:GOTO
GOSUB
168
48'ISYO
49579:IF
TS="D"THEN
236'GRAO
SYS 34770:Z=PEEK(34847) :Z1=PEEK(34848):D=PEEK(B):P=0 :GOTO 24'JKFW GOSUB
58:POKE
:POKE
53281,6'DSAQ
80
CHR$(147)CHRS(5)
82
GOSUB 90: IF OKSO"Y"THEN GOSUB 168 :SYS 49217:RETURN'IQBO SYS 49537:SYS 49556:IF T$="D"THEN
84
GOSUB 86
SYS
236'GRUP
INPUT"[DOWN]ENTER
92
INPUT"[DOWN](T)APE OR (D)ISK";TS : IF T$O"T"AND TSO"D"THEN 92'IKHT INPUT"[DOWNJOK TO CONTINUE (Y/N)";
B,D:P=1:RETURN'DHAP
OK$:IF 96
98 100
FILE
THEN
0K$O"Y"THEN
NAME";NS
90rFMSO
GOSUB
168
49217:RETURN'ISGX
IF T$="T"THEN IF T$="D"THEN
POKE POKE
L=LEN(NS):FOR
:POKE
K=l
49540,l'EJUP 49540,8'EJLR TO
L
POKE
49547,L'BHCX
102
104
FOR
CHRS(147):RETURN'DGVA
X=0
TO
4:PRINT:NEXT
CHRS(5)SPC(8)"CUSTOM
[SPACE2]SCREEN[SPACE2] FOR
X=1144
:POKE
:WAIT
197,4'DIDP
148
CHR$(147):PRINT"[DOWNJ
TO
150 152
A
1183:POKE
156
X,42
ANY
OF"'DGHU
160
PRINT"[DOWN]CHARACTERS ALL
ON
SHOULD."'BAXP
PRINT"[DOWN]TO CHANGE THE COLOR OF THE CURSOR,'"BAYR PRINT"[DOWNJUSE THE STANDARD CTRL WITH
A
NUMBER"'BATM
PRINT"[DOWN]KEY, KEY
WITH
A
OR THE COMMODORE
NUMBER"'BAVO
164
PRINT PRESS
SPC(7)"[DOWN3J ANY KEY TO CONTINUE"
:WAIT
197,4'DIDP
166
SYS 34770:POKE 198,0 IPRINT CHR$(19):RETURN'FRRN PRINT CHRS(19):POKE 53280,Z :POKE 53281,Z1:RETURN'FWXQ
168
170 B=0:FOR X=49152
176 236
:B=B+A:POKE IF BO76098 :ENDrGHGO RETURN'BAQI
TO
49645:GOSUB
34846:GOSUB 500
X,A:NEXT'IYTO THEN PRINT"DATA
238 240 241
120
PRINT CHRS(17)" PRESS ANY CONTINUE"CHRS(19)'DIGL
:G0TO
116'GQND
242
CLOSE
122
GOSUB
58:PRINT
124
POKE
53281,6
212,0'DVRG
126
PRINT~CHR$(19)CHRS(5)"[DOWN]
128
F 1 - MEMORIZES PRINT"[DOWNJF 2 MEMORIZED
130
THE SCREEN'"DHUN - RECALLS THE
SCREEN'"BAAO
198,0
500
REM
520 530
READ AS'BCKB LM=ASC(MIDS(A$,2,1))'DMGG
MOVE
TO
MEMORY'BMPD
540
HM=ASC(MID$(A$,1,1))'DMBH
550 560 580
LM=LM-48:IF LM>9 HM=HM-48:IF HM>9 A=HM*16+LM'DHVK RETURN'BAQK
THEN THEN
LM=LM-7'HPAM HM=HM-7'HPFN
3
-
SCREEN
THE
X
AXIS'" BAFH
592
132
PRINT"[DOWN]F
4
-
SCREEN
THE
Y
AXIS"'BAHJ
134
PRINT"[DOWNJF
5
--
CHARACTERS
THE
SCREEN"'BAWM
6
DISPLAYS
910 DATA A9,00,85,02,85,FD,85,FB'BXAJ 920 DATA A9,80,85,03,A9,E9,85,04'BXYK 930 DATA A9,83/85,05,A9,04,85,FE'BXRL 940 DATA A9,D8,85,FC,A0,00'BRCL 1000 DATA B1,FD,91,02,B1,FB,91,04'BXWX 1001 DATA C0,E8,F0,10,C8,C0,00/D0'BXNY 1002 DATA EF,E6,03,E6,05,E6,FE,E6'BXDA 1003 DATA FC,4C,1C,C0,A5,FE,C9,07'BXEB
136
ON
PRINT"[DOWNJF HELP
138
ON
-
FLIPS
THE
197,4:POKE
TO
PRINT"[DOWNJF ON
FLIPS
15:WAIT
KEY
:RETURN'EPFH
CHRS(147)'DIDC
53280,6:POKE
ERROR"
OPEN 15,8,15:INPUT#15,U,V$ :PRINT#15,"In'DTSK IF U=0 THEN CLOSE 15:RETURN'FFEL PRINT CHR$(147):PRINT U,V$'DKBE
PRINT CHRS(5)SPC(6)"DO YOU WANT INSTRUCTIONS (Y/N)[SPACE6J"'DFJM GET A$:IF A$="Y"THEN PRINT CHR$(147):GOSUB 124:RETURN'IPKK IF A$="N"THEN RETURN'ECMH SYS 49486:FOR X=0 TO 200:NEXT
:POKE
500
X,A:NEXT:'JDYN
172 FOR X=34770 TO
114
118
THE
THE"'BAEL
PRINT"[DOWNJKEYS, SUCH AS THE INST/DEL1" BAOO PRINT"[DOWNJKEYS, WILL BEHAVE AS
KEY
162
174
116
NUMBERS,
GRAPHICS'" BABJ
THEY
158
X,42
1583:POKE
SCREEN,
USE
CURSOR AND
:POKE X+54272,4:NEXT'HYXH FOR X=0 TO 4:PRINT:NEXT'FFIE
TO
MAY
PRINT"[DOWN]THE LETTERS, OR
FOR
X=1544
CREATE
YOU
112
115
THE
REVERSES THIS
SCREEN"' BAGM
PRINT"[DOWNJF PREVIOUSLY
100
TO
X+54272/2:NEXT'HYNF
COLOR"' BAWN
SPC(7)"[DOWN3J ANY KEY TO CONTINUE"
:B=B+A:POKE
DESIGNER"'ILAM 110
BACKGROUND
PRINT PRESS
52223+K,ASC(MID$(NS,K,
D+CHRS (0) ) :NEXT'MGOJ 101
THE
146
154
POKE
LEN(NS)>16
PRINT"[DOWNJF 8 - SAVES THE SCREEN TO DISK OR TAPE1" BACJ PRINT"[DOWN]CTRL + B - CHANGES THE BORDER COLOR"'BAOK PRINT"[DOWN]CTRL + V - CHANGES
KEYBOARD.
34770:RETURN'CGGM
:SYS
144
CHR$(18)"SAVE"CHRS(146)'GSLM
88
94
142
53280,6
90
:IF
140
JANUARY 1988
7
SAVED
-
LOADS
A
SCREEN"'BAPQ
Computer Tutor/Custom Screen Designer 1004
DATA
D0,EA,60 ,A9,FD ,8D,21,C0 'BXIC
1005
DATA
A9,02,8D ,1F,C0 ,A9,FB,8D •BXSD
1006
DATA
25,C0,A9 ,04,8D ,23,C0,20 'BXLE
1007
DATA
1008
DATA
00,C0,A9 ,FD,8D ,1F,C0,A9 •BXJF 02,8D,21 ,C0,A9 ,FB,8D,23 'BXCG
1009
DATA
C0,A9,04 ,8D,25 ,C0,60,20 'BXMH
1010
DATA
00,C0,A9 ,00,85 ,02,A9,80 'BXVY
1011
DATA
85,03,A9 ,E9,85 ,04,A9,83 'BXCA
1012
DATA
85,05,A9 ,C0,85 ,FB,85,FD 'BXWB
1013
DATA
1014
DATA
A9,07,85 ,FC,A9 ,DB,85,FE 'BXIC A2,00,A0 ,00,B1 ,02,91,FB 'BXID
1015
DATA
Bl,04,91 ,FD,C8 ,C0,28,D0 •BXCE
1016
DATA
F3,E8,E0 ,19,F0 ,31,18,A5 'BXSF
1017
DATA
1018
DATA
02,69,28 ,85,02 ,B0,03,4C 'BXNG B2,C0,E6 ,03,18 ,A5,04,69 'BXUH
1019
DATA
1020
DATA
1021
DATA
28,85,04 ,B0,03 ,4C,C0,C0 'BXKI E6,05,38 ,A5,FB ,E9,28,85 'BXJA FB,85,FD ,90,03 ,4C,90,C0 ■bxjb
1022
DATA
C6,FC,C6 ,FE,4C ,90,C0,60 •BXRC
1023
DATA
A9,00,85 ,02,85 ,04,8D,FE 'BXFD
1024
DATA
03,A9,04 ,85,03 ,A9,D8,85 'BXRE
1025
DATA
05,A0,00 ,A2,27 ,B1,02,9D 'BXBF
1026
DATA
1027
DATA
1028
DATA
00,80,B1 ,04,9D ,E9,83,C8 'BXEG CA,E0,FF ,D0,F0 ,18,A5,02 'BXCH 69,28,85 ,02,85 ,04,B0,03 'BXFI
1029
DATA
4C,0D,C1 ,E6,03 ,E6,05,18 'BXKJ
1030
DATA
AD,EE,C0 ,69,28 ,8D,EE,C0 'BXNB
CCMMCDCREie COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPLETE STARTER SYSTEM BELOW DISTRIBUTOR COST
$9990 COMPUTER: The Commodore 161M Personal Computer. Has a full typewriter style keyboard with 8 programmable function keys separate cursor control keys, a full graphics set and six preprogrammed function keys. Basic, the world's most popular programming language comes built in Sound and 16 color graphics are also built in. The C16 connects directly to your TV Commodore 1531 Data Cassette Recorder: The 1531 Data Record provides easy and efficient external media storage for your C16 Computer.
SPECIAL BONUS ORDER NOW AND RECIEVE PROGRAMS AT
1031
DATA
90,03,EE ,EF,C0 ,18,AD,F3 'BXNC
1032
DATA
C0,69,28 ,8D,F3 ,C0,90,03 •BXED
1033
DATA
EE,F4,C0 ,EE,FE ,03,AD,FE •BXGE
1034
DATA
03,C9,19 ,F0,03 ,4C,E7,C0 •BXMF
1035
DATA
20,41,C0 ,A9,00 ,8D,EE,C0 'BXRG
STARTER CALC — Beginning Word Processor MORTGAGE CALC - Mortgage Analysis
NO ADDITIONAL COST
1036
DATA
A9,80,8D ,EF,C0 ,A9,E9,8D 'BXJH
STARTER FILE - Data Base
1037
DATA
F3,C0,A9 ,83,8D fF4,C0,60 'BXLI
1038
DATA
20,00,C0 ,A9,00 ,85,02,A9 •BXPJ
1039
DATA
80,85,03 ,A0,00 ,B1,02,C9 'BXRK
DEPRECIATION CALC - Depreciation Analysis STARTER SCRIPT — Word Processing Programs WHAT'S NEXT LETTERS/NUMBERS - Educational Program
1040
DATA
20,F0,06 ,C9,A0 ,F0,02,49 'BXNC
1041
DATA
80,91,02 ,C8,C0 ,E8,F0,09 'BXCD C0,00,D0 ,E9,E6 ,03,4C,59 'BXME C1,A5,03 ,C9,83 ,D0,F1,20 •BXFF
1042
DATA
1043
DATA
1044
DATA
1045
DATA
41,C0,60 ,A9,01 ,A2,00,A0 'BXUG 01,20,8a ,FF,A9 ,00,A2,00 'BXDH
1046
DATA
A0,CC,20 ,BD,FF ,60,A9,00 'BXWI
1047
DATA
85,02,A9 ,80,85 ,03,A9,02 'BXUJ
1048
DATA
A2,21,A0 ,88,20 ,D8,FF,60 'BXLK
1049
DATA
38,20,F0 ,FF,60 ,20,81,C1 'BXRL
1050
DATA
A9,00,20 ,D5,FF ,60,A9,B8 'BXGD
1051
DATA
85,02,A9 ,88,85 ,03,A9,A1 'BXSE
1052
DATA
1053
DATA
PRINTER 40 column 2 color printer made by citi zen. Prints graphics and text in five differ ent sizes! Sturdy construction: Perfect for beginners and advanced users alike.
$4990 *Only With Purchase of System
DISK DRIVE
High Speed Disk Drive
80 COLUMN PRINTER Tractor Friction Feed
H6900 JOYSTICK
$990
1054
DATA
85,04,A9 ,8C,85 ,05,A9,00 •BXPF 85,FDf85 ,FB,A9 ,04,85,FE •BXUG A9,D8,85 ,FC,20 ,1C,C0,60 •BXGH
1055
DATA
A9,C1,8D ,57,C0 ,A9,B4,8D •BXHI
1056
DATA
56,C0,20 ,41,C0 ,A9,C0,8D 'BXFJ
1057
DATA
1058
DATA
57,C0,A9 ,00,8D ,56,C0,60 'BXWK A9,00,85 ,02,85 ,FD,85,FB 'BXAL
1059
DATA
1060
DATA
A9,80,85 ,03,A9 ,E9,85,04 'BXYM A9,83,85 ,05,A9 ,04,85,FE 'BXRE
1061
DATA
A9,D8,85 ,FC,A0 ,00,B1,02 'BXWF
1062
DATA
91,FD,B1 ,04,91 ,FB,C0,E8 'BXYG
1063
DATA
F0,10,C8 ,C0,00 ,D0,EF,E6 'BXKH
1064
DATA
03,E6,05 ,E6,FE ,E6,FC,4C 'BXWI
S & S Wholesalers
1065
DATA
EE,87,A5 ,FE,C9 ,07,D0,EA 'BXQJ
226 Lincoln Road- Miami Bch.. FL 33139
1066
DATA
AD,IF,88 ,8D,20 ,D0,AD,20 'BXQK
1067
DATA
88,8D,21 ,D0,60 'BOQJ
END
Deluxe cosmetic. Robust construction Jovs'ick Comfortable ruggad hand grip. 8-Directlonal control, will auto matically come back
lo
the center
when you let it free. Heavy duty base
with stfong/stabiliilng suction cups Four highly sensitive, light touch lire buttons Iwofnebuttonsonheavyduty base Other two lire buttons on control handle. Extra strong, high cortductivity leaf type directiona/fire contacts be
built in Auto and quick tire electronic circuit included
1-800-233-6345 • 1-800-331-7054
Tips & Tricks/64 and 128 Continued from pg. 16
hundreds of dollars cheaper. • Programs that require 256K on the PC are not four times bet
ter than those that fit comfortably into 64K on the Commodore machines.
• They are four times more expensive, and usually more than that.
• There's not much good, free software. • The BASIC takes getting used to. There are many new state ments and commands, and many of the familiar ones do unfa miliar things. • There's a silly little synthesizer, with one monotonous voice. No harpsichords here, folks! • BASIC graphics are similar to those on the 128, but there aren't any sprites. • It's much harder to work with screen and character colors. • The technical documentation is overwhelming and opaque. The non-technical is oversimplified and a pain. • The magazines are full of ads and product reviews, empty
of type-in programs and devoid of the goodies you find in this column. Louis F. Sander Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
PC compatibility: Many Commodore owners have access to some sort of IBM PC or clone, or can see such access in their fu ture. I recently added a clone to my computer room and have found some products that make it much easier to work with the combined equipment. The first is Omnitronix's IBM TO CBM Printer Port Adapter. This cable and software convert the PC's parallel printer port to a Commodore-compatible printer port. With it I can use my Commodore DPS-1101 daisywheel and MPS-801 dot matrix printers with the new PC. Think how much money I saved by not buying two new printers! Both printers work fine with my clone, and there's veiy rarely a hangup. I can list programs, dump text screens, and do all the other common printer tasks, but I haven't attempted graphics. My word processor drives the DPS-1101 without any problems. The IBM TO CBM is made by Omnitronix. 760 Harrison Street. Seattle, WA 98109. It's available from them or from their dealers. Another valuable product is Big Blue Reader, a program that lets the 128 and 1571 read and create MS-DOS compatible disks. (MS-DOS is the PC's disk handling system. 11 have the socalled (and misnamed) CP/M version of Big Blue Reader, which is more costly and more useful than the standard version. It doesn't use CP,M at all—it just has the additional capability to deal with CP/M diskettes. But it also has other features that make it better than the original. Using Big Blue Reader, I'm able to move my Easy Script files and my Microsoft Multiplan spreadsheets over to my clone, where they can be processed by the more powerful software. I'm also able to move files from the clone to the 128. Big Blue Reader is available from dealers and from S.O.G.W.A.P. Software, 611 Boccaccio Avenue, Venice, CA 90291. By the time you read this, a 64 version may be on the market. If you plan to get a PC in the future, you might want to start buying double-sided double-density disks right now. They will work with all Commodore drives, are the preferred disk for the 1571 in 128 mode and can be easily reformatted to work with
MS-DOS. They're often just a little" more costly than SSDD's.
102
JANUARY 1988
Although I haven't tried it myself, it's been reported that the 1902 monitor is compatible with the PC's Color Graphics Adapt er (CGAi mode. It's not compatible with monochrome or EGA modes, however. Commodore's new 2002 may be even more com patible. If you own one of these monitors, look into compatibility before acquiring your PC; you could save hundreds of dollars by avoiding a monitor purchase. Louis F. Sander Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Burning; in: Modem electronic equipment is extremely reliable, and for many of us service calls are a thing of the past. In fact, if a newly-manufactured piece of equipment is going to fail at all during its life, it will probably fail during its first few hours of operation. Where reliability is important, it's common to "burn in" new equipment by letting it run for several days, with peri odic operational checks. You can bum in your own new equipment, with several ad vantages to you. All you have to do is turn the equipment on, and leave it on all day and all night. It's desirable, but not neces sary, to have it doing some innocuous task. To be on the safe side, somebody should be there with it if possible, in case some thing starts to smoke. From time to time, put the equipment through its paces to see if anything has failed. If it comes with a diagnostic program, run it. If not. do something that exercises the major features. When the bum-in period is finished, repeat these tests once again. The length of the bum-in period is up to you, but the longer the bum in, the better. It should be something between a few hours and two or three days or more. Remember, you want to give the equipment every chance to fail during its critical first hours of operation. Here are the advantages of burning in. First, you put in enough hours during the warranty period to decrease the chance of later out-of-warranty failure. Second, if the product fails so soon you can take it back to the retailer while he still remem bers your purchase. And third, you get a head start on learning your equipment and its quirks. Willem Anders Marietta, Ohio Doodle picture loading: Have you ever wanted to load a Doodle picture without loading the main program? Well you can do it with this simple program: 10 IFA = 0 THEN A= 1: LOAD'*DDFILENAME".8.1 20 POKE 56578,3 : POKE 56576,6 30 POKE 53272,PEEK(53272) OR 8 40 POKE 53272,(PEEK(53272i AND 15) OR 112 50 POKE 53265,PEEK(53265i OR 32 When you run it, the Doodle picture "FILENAME" should ap pear on the screen. It's necessary, in line 10. to prefix "FILEN AME" with "DD;', since Doodle assigns those characters as a prefix to the names of all its picture files. Chris Price Pensacola, Florida
Doodle color printouts: If you have several colored ribbons for your printer, here's a way to get more colorful pictures from your Doodle program. First print the picture in one color, say black, in the normal way. Then change ribbons and use the "photo neg ative" feature of the Doodle program. Align your paper to its po sition at the start of the first printout, then reprint it in the new
Tips & Tricks/64 and 128 color, which will fill in all the blank spaces. If your paper is in a slightly different position on the second pass, the resulting color-free and overlap areas can add high lights and texture to your picture.
THE AMAZING NEW Junior
§39.95
Sieve Martin
...TURNS
Camarillo, California
YOUR COMPUTER
Aztec trick: I'm a fanatic of this game, and have gotten the idol 17 times, receiving a reward of $19,392,550. How? I discovered the following formula for getting to the idol without going through the typical dinosaurs, snakes, spiders, leopards, scorpi ons, Indians and carnivorous plants. You still need to be agile, clever and lucky, but your enemies will be a lot fewer. When you're in the entrance, press the space bar and turn left before going down the stairs. Crawl and place some dynamite, but not too close to the wall. Cover yourself immediately, but don't go down the stairs. When the dynamite explodes, walk to ward the hole in the wall and don't stop. Finally, you'll be in the idol's room. Open all the boxes you see, since one of them holds the idol. If you're trapped in a room and the walls are closing in, just press the Fl key for instructions. Tb exit, press "R." Automati cally, the closed wall will open. If you're close to it, you're out. Alain Portmann Santiago de Chile ChUe
INTO A TALKING AND LISTENING SERVANT... High-Tech
hits
put
Voice
and voice recognition with
this single hardware product' Vour voice controls programs, or appliances,
robots,
and
more
with spoken commands
Verbal
response
status,
Back
gives
verifies, or requests your reply' Speecn output ana recognition patterns ore recorded into memory with your voice. Programming is simple with new
commands added to BASIC Demo programs get you up ana running quickly A music bonus lets you write ana compose musical scores merely Dy whistling the tune. Unlimited uses for fun. education, prociicai applica
tions.
Speech
and recognition qualities !he finest available.
remarkable product you will love
Truly a
The Covox Voice Master Jr comes complete with all hardware, software (5 MA' (loppy), ana instructions for only S3905 30-Ooy satisfaction
guarantee One year warranty. (Aaa Sd shipping ond handling tor USA, 56 CanaOa. SlO overseas.) Available for Commodore 64 128. Atari 6OO 8OOXL, 13OXE. Specify when ordering. Visa. MasterCard phone orders accepted. Other enhanced Voice Moster systems available lor
Commodore 64.. 128, Apple II *
He He. IBM PC and compatibles.
Call or write today for FREE Product Catalog
COVOX JNC (503)342-1271
One-On-One tip: When playing this popular game against the computer, it is always better to stay near the backboard facing in the direction of your opponent. Most of the time he will run into you, drawing an offensive charging foul. When these fouls accumulate to five, you get to shoot two free throws. The strate gy only works when your opponent is the computer, has re bounded the ball and is trying to score on you. Don't try it against a human opponent! Stephan Lutz San Pedro Sula Honduras
ogam1
Master Ji gives Doth speech out
675 Conger St., Eugene, Oregon 974O2
Includes
Game map maker: A good map of all the locations in an adven ture game is very important to the serious adventurer. This pro gram, for use with any Commodore system and most compatible printers, will print 154 blank location squares on a single sheet of paper. After typing in the program, save it to disk or tape. Run it and relax while the printer does its work. To use the maps, fill in the boxes with a short description of each known location. Draw ar rows to show the exits and entrances for each room. For up and down, I use a small letter "U" or "D" beside the arrow. If a series of rooms can be reached only from one location, I find it easier to map these rooms separately from the main game
500
Labels
map.
Bradley L. Dina Euclid, Ohio 100
PRINT"[CLEAR,RVS,SPACE7]
GAME
MAP
-
BRADLEY
L.
DINA[SPACE7]
n
110
PRINT"[DOWN2]
120
THEN PRESS 'P1..." GET A$:IF A$O"P"THEN
READY
THE
PRINTER,
120
COMMODORE M/ÂŁAZINE
103
Tips & Tricks/64 and 128 130
BS=CHRS(255)+CHRS(26)
140
OPEN
4,4,10:CLOSE
150
OPEN
4,4:PRINT#4,CHR$(27);"P"
160 170
FOR Y=l TO 14 PRINT#4,CHR$(8);
180
B=129:GOSUB
190
B=128:FOR
200
B=192:GOSUB
210 'FOR
J=l
TO
4
260
J=l
TO
3:GOSUB
NEXT
230
PRINT#4,CHR$(12):CLOSE
240
END
250
:
260
FOR
TO
280
GOSUB
11:D-14:IF
110
4
X=ll
THEN
280:NEXT:RETURN
:
130
REM
**
CHARACTER
FORMAT
**
LOUIS
ments.
In the Commodore world, we use a somewhat different code, often called PETASCII ifrom its original use in Commodore's PET compute!11 for these purposes. When poking characters to the screen, Commodore computers use yet another code, often called the Screen Poke Code. All three codes work in the same general way—each displayable character has a unique numenc code that can be easily handled internally by the computer. But unfortunately there are significant differences in the codes. For example, a lower case "a"' is represented by 97 in ASCII, 65 in PETASCH, and 1 in Screen Poke. Since programmers frequently need to convert data from one of these formats to another, there's a real need for computer algorithms to make the conversion. The accompanying listing contains user-defined functions that can be used to convert any of these formats to any other. Once your program executes lines 170-250. you can use the functions to make the conversions. The functions have been named to make it easy to know their purpose. FNPS from PETASCII to Screen Poke. FNSP converts from Screen Poke to PETASCII. FNPA converts from PETAS CII to ASCII and as an added bonus also converts ASCII to PE TASCII. Say, for example, that you want to convert PETASCII 97 to its Screen Poke equivalent and to store the result in vari able A. Just execute A = FNPS97). When using these functions, you should keep some important points in mind:
• When converting text, the Commodore should be in upper and lower case mode, not graphics mode. • PETASCII codes from 0-31 and 128-159 have no corres ponding screen pokes. FNPS converts them to 32's (spaces). • Screen Poke codes greater than 127 (for RVS characters! have no corresponding PETASCII codes. FNSP converts them to the PETASCII codes of their unreversed equivalents. • PETASCII and ASCII differ greatly in the meanings of con trol codes 0-31. and somewhat in characters 92. 94. 95. 96 and 123-127. FNPA makes no conversions on any of those codes.
• ASCII has no codes greater than 127, while PETASCII goes
F.
SANDER,
1987
FNPS(X)
-
PETASCII
TO
SCREEN
FNSP(X)
-
SCREEN
-
PETASC11/ASC11
POKE
140
REM
POKE
TO
PETASCII
150
RETURN
JANUARY 1988
REM
120
PRINT#4,B$;CHR$(28);CHR$(B);B$;
Character format conversions: In the non-Commodore comput er world, the ASCII code is often used for transferring text from place to place^ For example, word processors often save text to disk in ASCII, and BASIC uses ASCII codes in CHRS state
104
REM
AUGUST
CHR$(D);CHR$(128); 290
100
CONVERSIONS
D = 10 270
(tildes). Louis F. Sander Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania
3:PRINT#4:NEXT
220
X=l
260:NEXT
260
all the way up to 255. Where PETASCII codes above 127 can be converted to ASCII equivalents, FNPA makes the conversion. It changes unconvertible PETASCII characters to ASCII 126's
REM
FNPA(X)
AND
BACK
160
:
170
DEF
FN
A1(X)=
X-161-33*(X<255)
-64*(X<192)-3 2*(X<160)+32*(X<96) -64* (X<64) 180
DEF
FN
A2(X)=
ABS(X*(X<128
X>159) )-32* (X>127
OR
AND
X<160)-(32-X)*(X<32) 190
DEF
FN
A3(X)=
X-64*(X<32
X>95)-32* (X>63
AND
OR
X<96)
200
DEF
FN
A4(X)=
X
210
DEF
FN
A5(X)=
X+(X*(X>127))-126*
AND
127
A6(X)=
X-32*(X>64
(X>127) 220
DEF
FN
X<91)+32* (X>96
AND
AND
X<123)+128*(X>192
AND
X<219)
230
DEF
FN
PS(X)=
FN
Al(FN
A2(X))
240
DEF
FN
SP(X)=
FN
A3(FN
A4(X))
250
DEF
FN
PA(X)=
FN
A5(FN
A6{X))
Marking telephone cables: If you use a modem, you probably do a lot of plugging and unplugging of modular telephone cords, There's one from the line to the modem, one from the modem to the telephone, and often several more. Making the modular con nections is easy, but identifying the proper cord can be a real nightmare. They all have identical connectors, and they all are made of similar-colored cable.
I've solved the problem by using a Sharpie brand marker to
label the ends of every modular cable in my computer room. The Sharpie is indelible and has a fine point, while the flat modular cable is very easy to write on. If I label both sides of each end of the cable. I can tell at a glance exactly what it is. Fred Rednas Charleston. South CaroUna
Q-Link multitasking: While typing an on-line message or EMail, you can still interact with others in People Connection or in a conference. If you press F7 while working on your message, the system
will give you a Help prompt for E-Mailing or OLM'ing, but in
Continued on pg. 128
64 and 128 Software Reviews/Cauldron Continued from pg. 34
treasures are won't really matter much, since getting there will prove hard
Pot Luck As I mentioned in the review, simply trying to move the characters around the screen will undoubtedly cause fits for most beginners. It would benefit newcomers to initially forget about score and advance ment, and to take a dozen rounds just to get the feel of the wild witch and awkward pumpkin. Control is tough, but since it is both consistent and evenumlly predict able, it's not impossible. After you've got ten the hang of surrogate steering, check the tips Fve listed below. They should have you sailing along to victory with leaps and bounds.
• When using your broomstick to move from one location to another in Cauldron 7, you will meet the least amount of en emy resistance if you travel at the highest possible altitude. The PumpKing's hench men (i.e., bats, birds, ghosts and soldiers) swarm up from the ground whenever they sense your presence. If you sail along the screen's upper edge, the enemy will not be
enough. Be warned, this is not a game for the young or easily frustrated. But if you're looking for a fast-paced game that
will test as well as reward your arcade prowess, then Cauldrons brew just might be your cup of tea. Q|
able to ascend quickly enough to impede your forward progress. The high flying tactic will help save time, energy and lives. • Keep a watchful eye on your witch's energy level. If she's aboard her broom stick when the gauge drains down to zero, the next enemy hit will send her into a tailspin. But even as she plummets to her death, if you can manage to direct her across the path of a magic key, it will still be collected and counted toward her recipe requirements. A minor consolation, per haps, but it's one step closer to victory. • When you become a skilled enough witch pilot that you can hover the broom stick motionless above the landscape, then you might notice an interesting con trol nuance. If you want to move your craft a short distance in one direction, it can be accomplished by tapping your joys tick a couple of times in the opposite direc tion. This reverse gear factor is a side ef fect of the game's inertia simulation, and is actually easier to execute than trying to nudge your witch forward in the conven tional manner.
• If you're persistent and lucky enough to have advanced to the climactic bottom corridor of the castle in Cauldron II, make sure to keep your bouncing under control. The ceiling of this final hallway is actual ly a one-way trapdoor. If your pumpkin bounces too high and too hard, there is a good chance it will break right through the overhead structure, sealing it in a compartment that has no escape. • Tb help the player deal with a no-es cape situation like the one mentioned above, Broderbund's designers have been thoughtful enough to include a special "relocation" key. By pressing "R" on the keyboard, your surrogate, at the cost of a life, will be removed from his trapped posi tion and placed in a safer castle location. Aside from its intended use, this button also has an inadvertent use that's even more valuable. If you push the "R" key just after your pumpkin has met his de mise, he will be immediately resurrected without a life loss registering with the pro gram. If you're a quick enough key punch er, there's a good chance that your alloca tion of six pumpkins will last forever. Q
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Fastest, easiest, most efficient, feature-Dacked terminal pro
Super 81 Utilities is a complete utilities package lor the 1581
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• Copy whole disks Irom 1541 or 1571 format to 1561 partitions • Copy 1541 or 1571 files 1o 1581 disks
1541/1571 Drive Alignment
SECURITIES ANALYST-128 Securities Analyst-128 displays leit information in 80 column mode while simultaneously displaying charts and graphs m dO column mode. Stock data may be saved on disK or printed o<\ a dot matrix of 1520 Printer/Plotter. Among the many
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1541/1571 Drive Alignment reports the alignment condition of the disk drive as you perform adjustments. On screen help is available while the program is running. Includes features tor speed adjustment and stop adjustment. Complete instruction manual
on aligning both 1541 and 1571 drives. Even includes instructions on how to load alignment program when nothing else will load! Works on the CM, SX64, C128 in either 64 or 128 mode. 1541. 1571 in either 1541 or 1571 mode1
•
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■
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•
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• Supplied on both 3 V and 5 V diskettes so that it will load on either the 1571 or 1581 drive
• Perform many CP/M and MS-DOS utility functions • Perform numerous DOS functions such as rename a disk, rename a Me. scratch or unscratch I lies, lock cm unlock files,
create auto-boot and much more1 Super 81 Utilities uses an opiwn window to display all choices available at any given time. Afult featured disk utilities system for the 1581 loi only S39.951
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SUPER DISK UTILITIES The ultimate utilities disk for the 1571 disk drive and C128 computer. Copy whole disks (with 1 or 2 drives), perform
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105
Technical Tips/User Port, Part 6
DELAY
Continued (rum pg. 61
505
fti Main Program 5
REM
C-64
MAIN
PROG
506
JOHN
CHRS(142):REM
30
POKE FOR
SWITCH
UPPER
:
56334,PEEK(56334)AND J=12288
REM
TO
PLACE
254'DQQE
12288+32
CHARACTER
DATA
IN
RAM'FMIP 80
READ
A:POKE
J , A :NEXT'DGMH
100
POKE
56334,PEEK{56334)OR
1'DORY
120
DATA,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0:REM
@'CSHB
130
DATA
255,255,255,255,0,0,0,0'BXFC
140
DATA
0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255'BXFD
150
DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255,255,
160
B=0'BCKC
162
POKE
255'BGAG 53282,15
53283,12:POKE
165
POKE
170
REM
180
PRINT"[CLEAR]"1BATE
53284,11'EJOM
53265,PEEK(53265)OR
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT:PRINT1EDSH
PRINT"[SPACE19]DIGITAL MENU"'BAME
210
PRINT:PRINT:PRINTrDCMY
215 220
PRINT " 1) INSTRUCTIONS"'BAUG PRINT" 2) LOAD B/W FAST SCAN LOAD
G/S
GRAY
SCALE
CAMERA"'BAYK
230 235 240 250
PRINT" 4)ISPACE4]SET/RESET TIMING B/W MODE"'BAVH PRINT" 5)[SPACE4]SET/RESET TIMING G/S MODE'"BAXM PRINT" 6)(SPACE4]COLORATION [SPACE2]G/S'"BATF PRINT"
7)
START CAMERA"'BAGF
255
PRINT"
8)
QUIT'"BAFI
260
PRINT:PRINT"INPUT
261
FOR
262
POKE
265
INPUT
OPTION
NUMBER
1-8"'CBRJ
:IF
270
T=0
TO
175:NEXT
197,64:POKE X:IF
X>8
X<1
THEN
ON X GOTO
T'EHIH
198,0'CMGH
THEN
280
280'HNBO
290,300,400,500,600,700,
800,900'CHPK
280
PRINT"ERROR, PLEASE ENTER NUMBER BETWEEN 1-8":GOTO 265'CERQ
290 300
GOTO 910'BDJG CLR'BAFW
301 400
LOAD"64
CLR'BAFX
B/W CAM",8'BCPB
401
LOAD"64
GRAY CAM",8'BCXC
500 501
PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATA PRINT:PRINT:PRINT'DCMC
502 503
106
IS
16
DELAY
IS
510
POKE
PRINT:PRINT"THANK
512
FOR
513
GOTO
49574,G'BHXC T=l
TO
YOU"'CBHF
500:NEXT
T'EHBG
180'BDIE
600
PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATB
601
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT'DCMD
602
";G'BCHM
DELAY";G'BCLM
PRINT"[SPACE3]SET
/
RESET
TIMING'"BAFH 603
PRINT"NUMBERS
REPRESENT
DELAY
IN
MILLISECONDS'" BAFO PRINT"[SPACE11]BETWEEN
GRAY
SCANS"'BADK 605
PRINT:PRINT'CBHG
606
J=PEEK{49569):K=PEEK(49885)
607
PRINT:PRINT"
:L=PEEK(49917)'GBMP
1ST
SCAN
IS
PRINT"[SPACE3]FAST SCAN
608
PRINT:PRINT" DELAY
2ND
SCAN
DEFAULT
IS[SPACE3]7"'CBCQ
609 610 611
PRINT"CURRENT DELAY IS ";J'BCKO INPUT"ENTER DELAY";J'BCHF PRINT:PRINT" 3RD SCAN DEFAULT DELAY IS 28"'CBUK
612
PRINT"CURRENT
613
INPUT"ENTER
DELAY
IS
";K'BCLI
DELAY";K'BCII
614
PRINT:PRINT"
615 616
DELAY IS 72"'CBBN PRINT"CURRENT DELAY IS ";L'BCML INPUT"ENTER DELAY";L1BCJL
617
POKE
618 619
:POKE 49917,L'DXGO PRINT" [SPACE3]THANK FOR T=l TO 500:NEXT
620 700
GOTO 180'BDID PRINT"[CLEAR] '" BATC
701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT'DCME PRINT"[SPACE4]COLOR CODES"'BAWH PRINT'BACE PRINT"0 BLACK"," 8 ORANGE1" BBDJ PRINT"1 WHITE"," 9 BROWN"'BBNK PRINT"2 RED","10 LIGHT RED"'BBSL PRINT"3 CYAN","11 DARK GRAY1" BBWN PRINT'U PURPLE","12 MEDIUM GRAY"'BBEP PRINT"5 GREEN","13 LIGHT GREEN1" BBQQ
709
4TH
49569,J:POKE
SCAN
DEFAULT
49885,K
YOU"'BAWM T'EHBO
PRINT"6 BLUE","14 LIGHT BLUE'"BBBH PRINT"7 YELLOW","15 LIGHT GRAY"'BBPJ
PRINT"[SPACE4]RESET / SET
PRINT:PRINT"NUMBERS
ENTER
511
712 714
TIMING"'BAMG
JANUARY 1988
INPUT"
710 711
B/W
CAMERA"rBAUI
504
PRINT"CURRENT
509
CAMERA
CAMERA"'BAYF
3)
DELAY
NON-ADJUSTABLE"'CBVP
190
PRINT"
G=PEEK(49574)'CIZJ
508
64'DPYK
MENU'BEUD
200
225
PRINT:PRINT"DEFAULT
507
604
53281,1:POKE
:POKE
SCREEN
MILLI SECONDS'" CBFP
CASE'DVNE 70
MILLISECONDS"'CBKP
SCANS'" BAIL
IOVINE'BWPJ 10
IN
PRINT"[SPACE10]BETWEEN
REPRESENT
715
PRINT:PRINT'CBHF PRINT"DEFAULT COLOR FOR IS[SPACE2]1"'BAXO
INPUT"ENTER COLOR CODE
1ST
#
SCAN
";C'BCEM
716
PRINT'BACI
717
PRINT"DEFAULT COLOR FOR 2ND SCAN
718
INPUT"ENTER COLOR CODE #
IS
15"'BAAR
";D'BCFP
ATTENTION
Technical Tips/Userport, Part 6 719
PRINT'BACL
720
PRINT"DEFAULT COLOR FOR IS
721 722 723
3RD
SCAN
12"'BACL
724
INPUT"ENTER COLOR CODE # ";E*BCGJ PRINT'BACF PRINT"DEFAULT COLOR FOR 4TH SCAN IS 11"'BAIO INPUT"ENTER COLOR CODE # ";F•BCHM
725
PRINT'BACI
726
PRINT"DEFAULT COLOR FOR BKGRD IS [SPACE2]0"'BARR 727 INPUT"ENTER COLOR CODE # ";B'BCDP 728 POKE 53281,C:POKE 53282,D :POKE 53283,E:POKE 53284,F'EGVT 729 PRINTlPRINT" THANK YOU"'CBNQ 730 FOR T=l TO 500:NEXT T'EHBI 731 GOTO 180'BDIG 800 G=PEEK{53272):POKE 53272, (PEEK(53272)AND 240)+12'GEYL 801 PRINT"[CLEAR]":FOR L=55296 TO 56295:POKE L,B:NEXT:SYS 49233'HXUM 802 POKE 53272,GiGOTO 1000'CMTH 900
END'BACD
910
PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATF
912 914
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT:PRINT'EDSJ PRINT"[SPACE2JDIGITAL CAMERA
916 918 920 922 924 926 928 930
A complete self-tutoring BASIC programming course is now available. This course starts with turning your
computer
>
KEY
TO
INCREASE
<
KEY
TO
DECREASE
PRINT"PRESS
R
KEY
PRINT'BACM
938
PRINT"THE WITH
940 942
about
of the information presented. Furthermore, ALL answers are supplied to all the questions and pro grams, including the answers to the tests. Follow this course step by step, lesson by lesson, and turn yourself into a real programmer! You won't be dis appointed! We will send this COMPLETE course to you at once for just $19.95 plus $3.00 for shipping and handling (U.S. residents, please pay in U.S. funds). If you are not COMPLETELY satisfied, then simply return the course within 10 days of receipt for a FULL refund. Kl Now available! a 200 page course exclusively on sequential and rel ative files using a unique approach
TO
RETURN
for those with very limited
TO
file programming ex
perience - set up your own personal and business
MENU"'BAVS 936
just
stand explanations as well as many programs for
TIMING'"BAUQ 934
programming
you to make up. At the end of each lesson is a test
OPERATION.(ON-THE-FLY)"'BAUT PRINT"THESE COMMANDS ARE AS FOLLOWS:"'BABT PRINT'BACN
PRINT"PRESS
to
MODORE 64/64C, VIC 20, COMMODORE 16 and the COMMODORE 128 and takes you step by step through a discovery approach to programming and you can do it all in your leisure time! The les
TIMING"'BALO 932
on,
anything you want! This course is currently used in both High School and Adult Evening Education classes and has also formed the basis of teacher literacy programs. Written by a teacher, who after having taught the course several times, has put together one of the finest programming courses available today. This complete 13 lesson course of over 220 pages is now available for the COM
sons are filled with examples and easy to under
INSTRUCTIONS"'BAQQ PRINT"[SPACE21]PG1"'BAEO PRINTrPRINT'CBHN PRINT"THE DIGITAL CAMERA PROGRAM PROVIDES"'BARP PRINT"THREE COMMANDS THAT CAN BE UTILIZED'"BAVR PRINT"DURING CAMERA
PRINT"PRESS
ALL COMMODORE 64/64C, VIC 20, COMM. 16 AND COMMODORE 128 owners
records! — disk drive a must — same author — TIMING
KEYS
same guarantee — same cost— this course for
OPERATE
all computers except Vic 20.
BOTH"'BADX
PRINT"B/W AND GRAY CAMERAS."'BADN PRINT"THE KEYS WILL INCREMENT OR
Fill in the coupon or send a facsimile.
DECREMENT"'BAMT
944
PRINT"THE
946
ONE"'BACT PRINT"MILLISECOND
948 950 952
OVERALL
SCAN PER
TIMING SCREEN
PRINT"TIMING
MODES
SIMULTANEOUSLY 956
GET
AS'BCGR
ARE
ANY
PROV./STATE:. POSTAL/ZIP
CODE:_
I desire the BASIC program
KEY
TO
Comm. 64/64 c:.: Comm. 128
Any complete course: $19.95 Postage and Handling: S3.00
ming course for:
CHANGED"'BAOX
PRINT:PRINT"PRESS CONTINUE"'CBCW
958
SCAN
THAT THE"'BAEX PRINT"KEY IS HELD."'BADS PRINT"IN THE GRAY CAMERA MODE, THIS MEANS"'BAXR PRINT"THAT EACH OF THE THREE GRAY SCALE"'BAMT
954
BY
Vic 20 Z
Comm. 16 II
Total:
S22.95
Send Cheque or Money Order to:
I desire the FOLLOW-UP □
Brantford Educational Services
course on relative and seq
6 Pioneer Place,
uential
files
for all
above
computers but Vic 20 .
Brantford. Ontario. Canada N3R 7G7
COMMODORE MAGAZINE
107
Technical Tips/Userport, Part 6 960
IF
AS=""THEN
958'DFNL
1000
DATA
1001
DATA
00, 04, 03, 07, 08, 0C, 0B, 0F1 BXIX 10, 14, 13, 17, 18, ic. IB, IF1 BXQY
20, 24, 23, 27, 28, 2C, 2B, 2F1 BXYA 30, 34, 33, 37, 38, 3C, 3B, 3F1 BXGB
962
PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATM
1002
DATA
964
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT'DCMP
1003
DATA
966
PRINT"[SPACE3]DIGITAL
1004
DATA
40, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00' BXLB
1005
DATA
4C, 0C, 4F, 0F, 50,
1006
DATA
1007
DATA
53, 13, 57, 17, 58, 18, 5C, IC BXZE 5B, IB, 5F, IF, 60, 20, 64, 241 BXRF
1008
DATA
1009
DATA
1010
DATA
00, AD, 02, DC, 8D, 25, C0, A91 BXJY
1011
DATA
FF, 8D, 03, DD, 78, A9, 0B, 8D' BXDA
1012
DATA
02, DC, A9, 0B, 8D, 00, DC, 8D' BXGB
1013
DATA
1014
DATA
DC, 8C,
1015
DATA
DC, C8, C0, 7F, D0, EE, A9, 0B1 BXVE
1016
DATA
1017
DATA
8D, 00, DC, EA, EA, EA, EA, EA' BXIF EA, A0, 00, A2, 00, A9, 0B, 8D' BXWG
1018
DATA
1019
DATA
1020
CAMERA
INSTRUCTIONS"'BAXX
968
PRINT"[SPACE23JPG
970
PRINT:PRINT*CBHL
972
PRINT"BY THE
2"'BAAV
PRESSING
THE
R
KEY,
PROGRAM"'BAMV
974
PRINT"WILL
976
MENU. HERE"'BAAX PRINT"FURTHER ADJUSTMENTS
978
TIMING ARE "'BAEA PRINT"POSSIBLE BY ALLOWING USER
980
TO
RETURN
TO THE
BASIC IN THE
FIRST"'BADE
PRINT"READ THE TIMING SCANS BEFORE ADJUSTING"' BARV
982
PRINT"PSEUDO-COLORATION
984
GRAY SCALES'" BAWX PRINT"IS IMPLEMENTED THE COLORATION"'BACB
986 988
PRINT"ITEM
ON
COLORATION
OF THE
PRINT"CAMERA
THE
FIRST
THE IS
AND
OF
BY
CHOOSING
MENU.
B/W"'BAYC
POSSIBLE,
LAST"'BALE
990
PRINT"COLORS
992
COLORATION MENU"'BAWW PRINT"WILL BE DISPLAY WITH B/W
994
THE
ENTERED
ON
THE
THE
CAMERA1" BAQX
PRINT:PRINT"[SPACE2] END
995
OF
INSTRUCTIONS"'CBEX
PRINT"PRESS
ANY
KEY
TO
RETURN
TO
MENU"'BARB 996
GET
997
IF
998
GOTO
1000
A$'BCGT
A$=""THEN
996'DFPV
180'BDIV
GOTO
180IREM
VECTOR
FOR
PROGRAM
INSERTATION'CGND
END
64 B/W Data 10
PRINT"[CLEAR]POKING
20
P=49152:
30
49654/$ClF6)'CFKF READ A$:IF A$="END"THEN
40
L=ASC(MID$(A$,2,1))'DLEE
50
H=ASC(MID$(A$,1,1))'DLYF
60 70 80 90
L=L-48:IF L>9 THEN L=L-7'HKVJ H=H-48:IF H>9 THEN H=H-7'HKBK PRINT"[HOME,RIGHT12]"P;'BCVG IF H>15 OR L>15 THEN PRINT"DATA ERROR
IN
REM
SC000
-";'BBGA (END
AT
110'EISD
LINE";1000+INT((P-49152)
/8):END'LXUV 100
B=H*16+L:POKE :GOTO
110
IF
TO62021
DATA
P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1
30'JUYF
->
THEN
CHECK
PRINT"MISTAKE
DATA
STATEMENTS"
:END'GHUL 120
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT"LOAD
SUCCESSFUL..."'DCAE 130
PRINT"[SPACE4]RETURNING
TO
MENU"'BAUF 140
FOR
150
LOAD"64
108
T=l
JANUARY 1988
TO
500:NEXT'EGWC
MAIN
PROG",8'BCIE
MAIN
IN
10/ 54, 14 '
BXLD
63, 23, 67, 27, 68, 28, 6C, 2C1 BXHG 6B, 2B, 6F, 2F, 70, 30, 73, 33' BXXH
00, DC, A0, 00, A9, 0B, 8D, 001 BXEC 01/ DD, A9, 09, 8D, 00' BXVD
DATA
00, DC, B9, 00, C0, 8D, 01, DD1 BXFH A9, 09, 8D, 00, DC, A9, 01, 8D1 BXII 00, DC BD, 28, C0, EA, EA 8D' BXLA
1021
DATA
01,
DD
CE, 00
DC
A9, 08
8D
BXIB
1022
DATA
00, DC
A9, 09
8D, 00, DC
E8
BXVC
1023
DATA
E0, 28
D0, El
A2
00, 86
FC
BXXD
1024
DATA
C8, C0
21
D0
C8
A9
C8
85
BXNE
1025
DATA
FA, A9
04
85
FB
4C
95
Cl
BXFF
1026
DATA
EA
A0
00
A2
00
A9
0B
8D
BXWG
1027
DATA
00
DC
BD
00
C0
8D
01
DD
BXQH
1028
DATA
A9
09
8D
00
DC
B9
28
C0
BXJI
1029
DATA
8D
01
DD
A9
08
8D
00
DC
BXVJ
1030
DATA
AD
0D
DD
C9
10
D0
60 ,4C
BXBB
1031
DATA
Bl
Cl ,EA
EA ,C8
C0
28
D0
BXRC
1032
DATA
DF ,A0 ,00
E8 ,E0 ,21 ,F0 ,6A
BXID
1033
DATA
A9 ,0B ,8D
00 ,DC ,BD
00 ,C0
BXTE
1034
DATA
BXWF
1035
DATA
8D ,01 rDD ,A9 ,09 , 8D ,00 ,DC B9 ,28 ,C0 8D ,01 ,DD ,A9 ,08
1036
DATA
BXTH
1037
DATA
8D ,00 ,DC rAD ,0D fDD ,C9 ,10 D0 ,34 ,4C rBD ,C1 ,EA ,A9 ,01
1038
DATA
8D ,00 ,DC ,C8 ,C0 ,28 ,D0 ,DB •BXHJ
1039
DATA
1040
DATA
1041
DATA
18 rA5 ,FA ,69 ,28 ,85 ,FA /A9 BXYK 00 ,69 ,00 ,85 ,FC ,A5 ,FB ,65 'BXSC FC ,85 ,FB , EA , EA ,A0 ,00 , EA 'BXBD
1042
DATA
EA , EA ,E8 , EA ,*c ,D5 ,C0 ,A9 •BXME
1043
DATA
1044
DATA
1045
DATA
1046
DATA
03 ,91 ,FA ,4C ,FA ,C0 /Bl ,FA 'BXRF C9 ,03 ,F0 ,07 /A9 ,02 /91 ,FA 'BXNG 4C ,2D /Cl ,A9 ,03 /91 /FA /4C 'BXRH 2D ,C1 /A9 ,C8 ,85 ,FA , EA , EA 'BXYI
1047
DATA
1048
DATA
1049
DATA
78 ,A9 ,0B ,8D ,02 ,DC ,4C /85 'BXPL
1050
DATA
C0 ,60 ,8D ,00 ,DC ,A0 ,00 , 8C 'BXMD
1051
DATA
01 ,DD ,A9 , 0B ,8D ,00 ,DC ,A2 'BXWE
1052
DATA
CA ,CA ,D0 ,FD ,C8 ,C0
1053
DATA
F3 ,EA , EA ,AD , 0D , DD ,4C ,D0 •BXRG C0 ,A9 ,00 /91 /FA /A9 /01 ,8D 'BXAH
BXKG BXYI
A9 ,04 ,85 ,FB ,AD /25 ,C0 ,8D 'BXAJ 02 ,DC ,58 /4C /Dl /Cl , EA , EA 'BXUK
/10 ,D0 'BXCF
1054
DATA
1055
DATA
00 ,DC /4C /FA ,C0 /Bl /FA /C9 •bxhi
1056
DATA
03 ,D0 ,07 /A9 ,01 /91 ,FA ,4C 'BXFJ
1057
DATA
2D ,C1 ,A9 ,00 ,91 ,FA ,4C ,2D 'BXNK
1058
DATA
Cl ,A5 ,C5 ,C9 ,40 ,F0 ,0C ,C9 'BXSL
1059
DATA
2C ,F0 ,0B /C9 ,2F ,F0 , 0D /C9 'BXJM
1060
DATA
11 ,F0 ,0F ,4C ,88 /Cl ,EE ,A6 'BXVE
1061
DATA
Cl ,4C ,88 /Cl ,CE ,A6 ,C1 /4C 'BXLF
1062
DATA
88 /Cl ,4C /91 /Cl ,FF /13
END' BYHG
t
END
Technical Tips/User Port, Part 6
10 20
1038
DATA
C1,EA,C8,C0,28,D0,DC,4C
BXWJ
1039
BXBK
PRINT"[CLEAR]POKING -";'BBGA P=49152: REM SC000 (END AT
1041
49971/$C333)'CFRF
1042
95,C1,EA,EA,EA,EA,EA,A9 DATA 03,91,FA,4C,FB,C0,B1,FA DATA C9,03,F0,04,A9,02,91,FA DATA 4C,31,C1,A9,00,85,FA,85
1043
DATA
M Gray Data
30 40 50 60 70
READ A$:IF A$="END"THEN 110'EISD L=ASC(MIDS(A$,2,l))'DLEE H=ASC(MIDS(A$,1,1))'DLYF L=L-48:IF L>9 THEN L=L-7'HKVJ H=H-48:IF H>9 THEN H=H-7'HKBK
80 90
PRINT"[HOME,RIGHT12]"P;•BCVG IF H>15 OR L>15 THEN PRINT"DATA ERROR IN LINE";1000+INT((P-49152) /8):END'LXUV
100
B=H*16+L:POKE :GOTO
110
120
130
P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1
30'JUYF
IF
TO107792
IN
DATA
->
THEN
CHECK
PRINT"MISTAKE DATA
STATEMENTS"
1040
DATA
1044
DATA
1045
DATA
1046
DATA
BXSC
'BXKD 'BXOE
FC,A9,04,85,FB,AD,C6,C2 'BXIF 8D,02,DC,58,A5,C5,C9,40 'BXLG F0,0 3,4C,08,C3,78,A9,0B 'BXNH 8D,02,DC,4C,84,C0,60,4C 'BXDI
1047
DATA
08,C3,A9,02,91,FA,4C,FB 'BXVJ
1048
DATA
C0,B1,FA,C9,02,F0,07,A9 'BXNK
01,91,FA,4C,31,C1,A9,00 'BXYL 91,FA,4C,31,C1,8E,C8,C2 •BXYD
1049
DATA
1050
DATA
1051
DATA
A0,00,A2,CA,CA,D0,FD,C8 'BXXE
1052
DATA
C0,07,D0,F6,AE,C8,C2,A0 'BXDF
1053
DATA
00,4C,BB,C1,C8,C0,0F,D0 'BXSG
1054
DATA
EF,8E,00,DC,A0,00,4C,CB 'BXOH
1055
DATA
C0,EA,EA,A0,00,CA,A9,0B 'BXSI
1056
DATA
8D,00,DC,BD,00,C0,8D,01 'BXEJ
1057
DATA
DD,AD,0D,DD,A9,0 9,8D,0 0 'BXBK DC,B9,28,C0,8D,01,DD,CE 'BXFL
:END'GIDM
1058
DATA
PRINT:PRINT:PRINT"LOAD
1059
DATA
00,DC,EE,00,DC,AD,0D,DD •BXSM
SUCCESSFUL..."'DCAE
1060
DATA
C9,10,D0,03,4C,8D,C2,C8 'BXCE
PRINT"[SPACE4]RETURNING TO MAIN
1061
DATA
C0,28,D0,E5,A0,00,E8,A9 'BXXF
1062
DATA
0B,8D,00,DC,BD,00,C0,8D 'BXVG
1063
DATA
01,DD,AD,0D,DD,A9,09,8D 'BXCH
1064
DATA
00,DC,B9,28,C0,8D,01,DD 'BXPI
1065
DATA
CE,00,DC,EE,00,DC,AD,0D 'BXSJ
DD,C9,10,D0,03,4C,9D,C2 'BXQK
MENU'"BAUF
140 FOR T=l TO 500:NEXT:CLR'FHFD 150 L0AD"64 MAIN PROG",8'BCIE 1000 DATA 00,04,03,07,08,0C,0B,0F'BXIX 1001 DATA 10,14,13,17,18,1C,IB,IF'BXQY 1002 DATA 20,24,23,27,28,2C,2B,2F1BXYA 1003 DATA 30,34,33,37,38,3C,3B,3F1BXGB 1004 DATA 40,00,00,00,00,00,00,00'BXLB 1005 DATA 4C,0C,4F,0F,50,10,54,141BXLD 1006 DATA 53,13,57,17,58,18,5C,1C'BXZE 1007 DATA 5B,1B,5F,1F,60,20,64,24'BXRF 1008 DATA 63,23,67,27,68,28,6C,2C'BXHG 1009
DATA
1010
DATA
6B,2B,6F,2F,70,30,73,33'BXXH
00,AD,02,DC,8D,C6,C2,A9'BXEY
1011
DATA
FF,8D,03,DD,78,A9,0B,8D'BXDA
1012
DATA
02,DC,8D,00,DC,A0,00,A9'BXCB
1013
DATA
0B,8D,00,DC,8C,01,DD,A9'BXFC
1014
DATA
09,8D,00,DC,C8,C0,7F,D0'BXWD
1015
DATA
EE,A9,00,85,FA,85,FC,A9'BXBE
1016
DATA
04,85,FB,EA,A0,00,A2,00'BXHF
1017
DATA
A9,0B,8D,00,DC,BD,00,C0'BXTG
1018
DATA
8D,01,DD,A9,09,8D,00,DC'BXWH
1019
DATA
A9,01,8D,00,DC,B9,28,C0IBXBI
1020
DATA
8D,01,DD,CE,00,DC,A9,08'BXIA
1021
DATA
8D,00,DC,EE,00,DC,C8,C0'BXUB
1022
DATA
28,D0,E5/A0,00,E8,EE,C7'BXVC
1023 1024
DATA C2,AD,C7,C2,C9,02,D0,C8'BXID DATA A9,00,8D,C7,C2,8E,C8,C2'BXEE
1025
DATA
EA,EA,EA,A0,00,AE,C8,C2'BXSF
1026
DATA
CAFCA,A9,0B,8D,00,DC,BD1BXWG
1027 1028
DATA DATA
00,C0,8D,01,DD,AD,0D,DD'BXLH A9,09,8D,00,DC,B9,28,C0'BXJI
1029
DATA
8D,01,DD,CE,00,DC,EE,00'BXQJ
1030
DATA
DC,AD,0D,DD,C9,10,D0,47'BXWB
1031
DATA
4C,7A,C1,EA,C8,C0,28,D0'BXHC
1032
DATA
E4,A0,00,E8,E0,21,F0,4B'BXPD
1033
DATA
A9,0B,8D,00,DC,BD,00,C0'BXTE
1034
DATA
8D,01,DD,AD,0D,DD,A9,09'BXCF
1035
DATA
8D,00,DC,B9,28,C0,8D,01'BXDG
1036 1037
DATA DATA
DD,CE,00,DC,EE,00,DC,AD'BXNH 0D,DD,C9,10,D0,18,4C,81'BXBI
1066
DATA
1067
DATA
C8,C0,28,D0,E5,EA,EA,EE 'BXVL
1068
DATA
C9,C2,AD,C9,C2,C9,01,F0 'BXMM
1069
DATA
09,C9,02,F0,1A,C9,03,F0 'BXIN
1070
DATA
2B,EA,A9,80,8D,B2,C2,A9 •BXNF
1071
DATA
81,8D,AB,C2,A9,82,8D,97 'BXYG
1072
DATA
C2,8D,A4,C2,4C,D1,C2,A9 •BXIH
1073
DATA
C0,8D,B2,C2,A9,C1,8D,AB 'BXXI
1074
DATA
C2,A9,C2,8D,97,C2,8D,A4 •BXIJ
1075
DATA
C2,4C,F1,C2,A9,4 0,8D,B2 'BXRK
1076
DATA
C2,A9,41,8D,AB,C2,A9,42 •BXTL
1077
DATA
8D,97,C2,8D,A4,C2,A9,00 'BXMM
1078
DATA
8D,C9,C2,18,A5,FA,69,28 'BXXN
1079
DATA
85,FA,A9,00,69,00,85,FC 'BXXO
1080
DATA
A5,FB,65,FC,8 5,FB,A0,00 'BXKG
1081
DATA
1082
DATA
E8,4C,88,C0,EAIB1,FA,C9 'BXMH 0 3,F0,0 3,4C,E7,C1,A9,42 'BXHI
1083
DATA
91,FA,4C,E7,C1,B1,FA,C9 'BXHJ
1084
DATA
03,F0,07,C9,4 2,F0,0A,4C 'BXEK
1085
DATA
18,C2,A9,41,91,FA,4C,18 'BXSL
1086
DATA
C2,A9,40,91,FA,4C,18,C2 'BXEM
1087
DATA
EA,00,FF,0 0,FF,00,FF,00 'BXVN
1088
DATA
FF,00,00,00,00,22,00,00 'BXFN
1089
DATA
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00 'BXHO
1090
DATA
00,8E,C8,C2,A0,00,A2,CA 'BXAH
1091
DATA
CA,D0,FD,C8,C0,1C,D0,F6 'BXNI
1092
DATA
AE,C8,C2,A0,00,4C,BB,C1 •BXIJ
1093
DATA
00,FF,00,FF,00,FF,00,FF 'BXCK
1094
DATA
00,8E,C8,C2,A0,00,A2,CA 'BXAL
1095
DATA
1096
DATA
CA,D0,FD,C8,C0,48,D0,F6 'BXFM AE,C8,C2,A0,00,4C,BB,C1 'BXIN
1097
DATA
A5,C5,C9,2C,F0,0C,C9,2F •BXOO
1098
DATA
F0,14,C9,11,D0,01,60,4C 'BXIP
1099
DATA
6D,C1,EE,A1,C1,EE,DD,C2 'BXFQ
1100
DATA
EE,FD,C2,4C,6D,C1,CE,A1 'BXIY
1101
DATA
C1,CE,DD,C2,CE,FD,C2,4C •BXXA
1102
DATA
6D,C1,FF,END'BMMY
END
COMMODORE MAGAZINE
109
Ned Lerner and Chuck Yeager :
Continued from pg. 69
Continuvd from pg. 69
And now a few words from General Yeager
.lermaine: How do you feel about the way you were portrayed in the movie. The
actually serve a very useful purpose. Each one of these mystery planes needs to be analyzed by a trained test pilot, .so the user can literally assume the role of Chuck Yeager and learn what makes these planes tick. For the record, my fa vorite airplane in the program is the Grace Industries XPG-12 Samurai. It was named after Paul Grace, the assistant producer of the project and flies like a dream. Building on what you've learned from your previous assignments, in Formation Flying the pilot travels through obstacle courses again, but this time he plays fol low-the-1eadei* with another aircraft. The lead plane likes to perform a series of aerobatic stunts, so you quickly become a modem day barnstormer of a sort. If you like the idea of competing against
opponents in the air. you'll probably fall in love with Airplane Racing. This challenge offers the experienced aviator a race against time and five other computer pi lots. Once again, the user has a number of different courses to choose from, but he must cross the finish line first in order to win an event. If you like the sound of things so far. the Advanced Flight Trainer also contains a software hanger, housing
14 different aircraft for your own personal use.
.lermaine: How did you simulate so mamdifferent control panels in a single piece of software? Ijerner: Believe me. it wasn't easy. We solved this major problem by developing a special generic panel, which could be al tered to fit the requirements of each panel layout in real life. The FAA requires evenplane to have the same basic control panel design. By doing things in this manner, you don't have pilots reading the wrong dial and possibly making a fatal mistake. Speaking of the control system, the com
pass generated more programming-relat ed problems than any other component of the cockpit. .lermaine: Throughout this interview, we've talked about the Advanced Flight Trainer in general. Can you give me some specific information about the Commo dore 64 version of the program? UÂťmer: The AFT was originally written 110
JANUARY 1988
Right Stuff! General Yeager: You have to look at the film as being good entertainment and not a documentary. I was very pleased, how ever, with the way things turned out. .lermaine: When you endorse a product, the public believes that item is superior to others like it. Why have you allowed your name to be added to the title of the AFT? General Yeager: I guess my wife should get credit for that. EA called me and talked to Glennis. She liked their ideas, so we discussed the matter in detail and de cided the project would probably be fun. After all, I've been working with flight simulators for a long, long time. Glennis also thought it was a good idea to sort of tie my name in with something I truly be lieved in. The Advanced Flight Trainer fit into this category because it is a highquality product, with the potential to give the user the thrill of actual flight. .leiTnaine: In your career, you have been known to push machines beyond their in tended limit. Is there a provision in the AFT which allows the consumer to do the same thing? General Yeager: This is a difficult ques tion to answer. If you push a plane beyond its limit in real life, the pilot usually dies â&#x20AC;&#x201D; so you only get to do it once. Follow this same procedure in the AFT. and you get a big flash on the screen which Bays "You're dead." Now this factor in the program isn't very realistic, but it drives home the idea that every airplane has its own limi tations and making a mistake at a high rate of speed is usually fatal, .lermaine: How does microcomputer flight compare with the real thing? General Yeager: Now I've only worked for the IBM computer, but everyone agreed it would have to be ported over to other systems like (he Commodore 64, [Ed. note: the Commodore 64 version be gan shipping in September 1987.] Future versions of the game will definitely be su perior to the parent program for several reasons. First of all. there are certain things we can do on the 64 that can't be accomplished very easily on the IBM sys tem, and vice versa This difference in the operating systems and the characteristics of the computers themselves, gives us a lot of flexibility in our work. You also have to remember that the basic flight program
with one of the microcomputer flight sim ulators: the Advanced Flight Trainer. The graphics are very realistic in the program, but a real pilot will miss the sensations his body experiences during actual flight. When you accelerate, for example, your body is pressed back into the seat by the force of gravity iG force). This same factor also exists when the plane is in a steep climb. Negative G force, which tries to pull you away from your seat, is generated
when the pilot dives straight down toward the ground. These natural forces are so precise that some aviators can actually tell if they're doing a stunt correctly, just by the way they feel. The absence of G force in a computer program, however, makes it easier on the human body when you're performing certain aerobatic maneuvem You don't have to worry about blacking out, but you do need to pay close attention to air speed, your rate of turn, and the data displayed on the G-meter. The AFT program also operates at a speed approaching real time. This means that the pilot can respond to a given situa tion and see the results of his effort almost immediately. I was equally impressed with the simulated air speed of the pro gram. Believe it or not, I can fly one of the computer aircraft at a specific rate of speed and come close to estimating that speed by flying over a building or buzzing an object on the ground.
Jermaine: Inside the AFT package is a picture of a broken fortune cookie with the message "Don't screw the pooch." What does this message mean, and why was it important enough to be included? General Yeager: Many years ago I was flying research aircraft, over the Mohave Desert, with some tactical air force guys. One of their pet expressions was, "Don't was written over a year ago. We've learned Q lot since then, and that knowl edge will be used in the making of future AFT translations. The IBM program, for example, featured good graphics and four colors. Our group is currently developing
Commodore 64 graphics which not only
exhibit a more fluid motion, but also take advantage of an 16-color palette. So you see it's simply a matter of taking the original design, porting it over to a specific system, upgrading the graphics and sounds to match the capabilities of the computer and releasing the finished product to the public. H
Chuck Yeager screw the pooch." It means don't auger your airplane into the ground or simply, don't screw up. Jermaine: Let's discuss a specific airplane that exists in the AFT: the Bell X-l. How well is it simulated in the program? General Yeager: Before I answer that question, I'd like to tell you a little about the Bell X-l. It was a rocket-powered mili tary prototype, created by Bell Aircraft. I used it, back in October of 1947, to break the sound barrier for the first time. The plane had a single seat and was airlaunched from a mother ship, with a full load of fuel. As the craft approaches the speed of .9 Mach (Mach 1 or the speed of
sound is approximately 739 mph). the air plane exhibits a noticeable stability prob lem. The nose of the aircraft will suddenly pull up, causing one wing to rise and the airplane turns over. Pilots call this aerobatic stunt a "Dutch roll." Someone once asked me if it was possi ble to land the early experimental rocket planes, like the Bell X-l, with a full load of fuel. I told him yes, it was possible, but you blow up. [He laughs for a moment.] That particular aircraft weighed almost three times as much fully fueled. It was air-launched from a mother ship and burned its fuel at a rapid rate, so the land ing gear wasn't designed to support a ful ly-loaded airplane. Some of the NASA pi lots (the agency was called the National Committee for Aeronautics back then) ac tually tried to land the craft with a partial tank of fuel. They succeeded in safely reaching the ground but tore the nose gear off in the process. The correct proce dure was to jettison all but a trickle of fuel before landing. Yes, the Bell X-l has its own set of peculiarities, and you will expe rience them first-hand in the Advanced Flight Trainer.
Jermaine: If you had your life to live over again, are there any events you would modify or do in a completely different way? Yeager: Now that's a foolish question (he laughs). In closing I would like to say that Chuck Yeager is a blinding light in a gloomy world, where everyone is search ing for something or someone to believe in. Speaking for the software pilots out there, I want to welcome you to our squad ron, General Yeager. I'd also like to take this opportunity to thank Charlotte Tay lor and Rich Hilleman at Electronic Arts, Randy Havener (my favorite computer pi lot), and Scott Taylor for their help with this article. H
Adventure Road
Continued from pg, 62
out all the bikers and mutants in America while playing Rmdivar 2000, the logical place to go is Europe. As in the original Roadicar, your futuristic adventure un folds in the aftermath of a nuclear war. In stead of leading a crew of knights and dwarves, you'll command convoys of heav ily armed cars, trucks and motorcycles and armies made up of street gangsters, the poor and mercenaries. The goal is to find and disarm five nuclear devices, then locate the terrorists' headquarters and an nihilate them. Locations of these targets are randomly deteiTnined at the outset of each new game. As with Eternal Dagger, Roadwar Europa is basically a new scenario that makes few changes to the original game system. You view an overhead map of Europe and its highways, moving a car icon via keyboard commands, until you reach a new town or encounter enemy gangs. Then you can transact with the locals, hoping some will join your forces and fighting others in order to take over the town. A battle can take just as long as in Dagger, and again you lose certain capabilities by choosing the "quick com bat'' option. It's a novice to intermediatelevel game, not as hard as Dagger or The Dungeon. Sequels have always been a mixed blessing: you know a lot of gamers must have liked the original game, or the com pany wouldn't have released a sequel. At the same time, few sequels manage to match the excitement and intrigue of the original. In the case of these three, only
Dungeon dearly outclasses the initial game in the series. That means that if you liked the gaming system of any of these games, you'll have fun with the sequels. But even if you didn 't like Alternate Reali ty, The City, you might like Dungeon. (All are for the 64, though you can expect Amiga conversions of Dungeon and Roadwar Europa.) Clues of the Month: In Dungeon, a Spir it Shield can be used to attack as well as defend and makes a fine secondary weap on. When your character reaches level three, seek out the Oracle of Wisdom at 27N, 35E on level one. A character in Eternal Dagger can cany but three weap ons, so give each one a weapon that does Cold, Fire and Holy damage. Back up the character disk before entering Alvis' Tbwer and before airanging for transpor tation to the underwater city. These dun geons are one-way affairs, and you'll wind up in a no-win situation if you run out of karma points inside. Q
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Sincerely, Lynne Adams
ADAMS SOFTWARE, INC. 120-C N.THOMPSON SPRINGDALE, AR 72764 * Commodore 64 & 128 are trademarks of Commodore Electronics Lid.
PHONE ORDERS: MON-FRI, 9-5 CENTRAL
1-800-634-0989
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111
SIGGRAPH'87
Continued from pa. 76
of still frames have been devel oped. Next, you instruct Cell Animator to play them back in a certain sequence. You can then view the animation, stop it, rearrange it, pause it to edit a picture or any number of things that could normally be done using paper page-flipping techniques. Gary Schultz. DynamicCads author, was also present giving full-featured demon strations of his high-perfor mance Computer Aided De sign package. His demonstra tions ranged from designs for a simple rabbit hutch to a full blown fighter jet. He utilized a Roland plotter to demonstrate the wide range of scaling and output functions available and delivered the entire fighter jet drawing reduced to the size of a postcard.
Mimetics Mimetics' entry in the Com modore booth was a new Gen lock device that will fit into your shirt pocket and a 24-bitsper-second Frame Grabber. The Frame Grabber allows you, with the aid of their graphics and control package, to completely control a video environment. For demonstra tion purposes, they were con
at the SIGGRAPH booth to in troduce their program PageFlipper. PageFlipper is true to its name â&#x20AC;&#x201D; it performs anima
tion by using a page-flipping technique. This involves the creation and manipulation of a separate graphics "page" for each sequence in your planned animation. The package is de signed to work with IFF files from any of the major graphics packages, including DeluxePaint II, Images, DigiView and many others. The system al lows you to utilize frames up to the full memory capacity of the machine, in any resolution and number of allowable colors. It also supports full overscan, so you won't be plagued with the borders that are so noticeable in computer graphics. Of all the packages present ed at SIGGRAPH, I found Mindware's PageFlipper the easiest to use. By simply draw ing a series of frames and doc toring them, you can then put them together and animate the sequence by telling PageFlip per the order and speed at which to play them. The fin ished results can be very hu morous or very professional, depending solely on the amount of work you put into the separate frames.
trolling, and re-editing scenes
NewTek
from a major motion picture.
Newtek's offerings at SIG GRAPH included demonstra tions of DigiView and DigiPaint. DigiView has become the de facto standard for cap turing images for use with the Amiga. The system's resolu tion has improved over the past year to a point of extreme clarity. Color selection and sharpness of image have both improved to broadcast quality. The DigiPaint system is the first package for the Amiga that actually takes full advan tage of the system's Hold and Modify mode of graphics dis play. This allows for some very sharp graphics images with the use of the entire palette of 4096 possible colors at the same time. Demonstrations showed the complete coloriza-
The resolution of the Frame Grabber was such that it was difficult to determine which frames from the movie were being played back from the video tape and which were be ing displayed from stored, pre viously grabbed, images. Their Genlock unit promises a very high-quality output that truly meets the NTSC stan dard. With the combination of these two products, Mimetics offers video production facili ties a chance to perform highlevel, computer-aided video
production at a fraction of the cost of most systems currently on the market.
Mindware, Inc.
Mindware used their space
112
JANUARY 1988
tion of a black and white image that, upon completion of the process, would make you think the image had been captured in color. The process simply in volves outlining the area to be colored, selecting the type of colorization, from highly opaque to very subtle tinting, selecting the color to be used and then clicking in the area to be col ored. The results were phenom enal and proved to be a real show stopper.
then viewing or printing it.
The user/design interface of Sculpt
For those of you who have been involved with the Amiga from the early days, you may remember Zoxso as the com pany promising a CLJ replace ment called "ZM1" Due to prob lems with changing from soft ware version 1.0 to 1.1 and then on to 1.2, Rich Miner and his crew scrapped the ZLI pro ject and went into the nether realms of Amiga hardware. The result is a 35 MIPS (mil
3Dwasoneof the most intuitive of all of those shown. In addition to these products. NewTek also demonstrated a playback system that allows you to capture real-time video images and play them back a la Max Headroom. Their pre sentation was nicknamed "Maxine Headroom," and fea tured NewTek's own Laura Longfellow in a speech about NewTek and DigiView that consisted of 86 frames. The re sulting animated sequence (played back in real time on a standard Amiga 2000 > was quite amusing and astounding.
Software Visions, Inc. Getting away from the strict ly graphic nature of most of the software products demonstrat ed at SIGGRAPH, Software Vi sions demonstrated their data base system MicroFiche Filer. MicroFiche Filer takes a very different approach to database design and storage techniques. Instead of the standard meth ods of text storage. MicroFiche Filer uses a technique similar to that used in the micro-fiche industry, hence its name. Your records, whether pictures or pages of text stored as pictures, are stored in a micro-fiche style page, which you would scan by sliding a "magnifying glass" over the reduced images, se lecting the page of interest and
MicroFiche Filer offers the same features found in most text-oriented databases â&#x20AC;&#x201D; searching, reporting and print ing, but offers them with a much simpler method of oper ation. It allows you to store pic tures of any size, display sever al pictures at once (limited only by available memory) and mix pictures with text.
University of Lowell (Zoxso)
lion instruction per second) digital processing card. The speed of this board, which is better than that required by true video throughput, allows for image applications on the Amiga 2000 that were never dreamt about by most people in the early stages of the Ami ga's development. The board uses a DMA (Di rect Memory Access) interface that will provide its user with the ability to perform very high-speed image processing for animation and other graph ics-oriented tasks.
Winner's Circle System Winner's Circle has pro duced a turnkey graphics de velopment and presentation system based on the Amiga se ries, utilizing several software packages on the market (in cluding Aegis' VideoScape 3D). The system is designed with the average user in mind, which meant mainly bringing the cost for such a system to below the $10,000 price range. Thanks to the price of the Amiga and various newly de veloped large screen projection systems, Winners Circle is
SIGGRAPH '87 able to provide systems start ing at well below $10,000. This brings the cost of gra phics/video production/presen tation systems well within the reach of everyone from schools to corporations who weren't thrilled with the idea of invest ing large sums of money to be limited to a single system. Now these people can afford to pur chase multiple systems mak ing it easier for a multi-depart ment company or school to do the same work in a more effi cient manner.
Professional Page goes the extra mile and gives the user the ability to use color separation techniques for the creation of "magazine-quality color documents." hi addition to providing the system to users, Winner's Cir cle is also going to produce vid eo advertising and presenta tions themselves. Pricing promises to be much lower than that charged by a tradi tional production studio. In addition to the turnkey system, Winner's Circle will also be going head to head with CSA with the introduction of a 68020/68881 processor replace ment board for all Amigas. The 500 and 1000 units will be pig gyback style while the 2000 version is designed to use the CPU slot provided.
Hits of the Show
Of the various items demon strated at the SIGGRAPH con vention, I found two particular lines of special interest. I'm not trying to say that the other items presented were of less importance, but the items I se lected were the kind of items that I feel will help push the
Amiga family into the lime light where it should have been all along. These items are the Computer Systems Associates (CSA) Tlirbo Amiga product line and the Ameristar Net work cards. First, let's take a look at the CSA products and describe what they will do for current Amiga 1000 owners as well as what they will do for people considering buying an Amiga 500 or 2000. CSA's major release for the Amiga 1000 is the Model TH1000 TUrbo Highrise Ex pansion Chassis. This chassis (formerly called the "Tbwer") wall allow current Amiga 1000 owners to upgrade their ma chines to full slot compatibility with the Amiga 2000. The Turbo Highrise contains seven "Zorro" slots, four IBM-com patible slots and a CPU slot. With a suggested retail of S995.00, it will probably be welcomed by 1000 owners look ing to upgrade. Now instead of trading in or selling your Amiga 1000, you can add the Highrise for less than the re placement cost required to move up to the capabilities of the 2000. The Highrise will then allow an Amiga 1000 owner to take Mill advantage of products designed to work with the Amiga 2000. CSA is also marketing a wide range of products for use in the Highrise or inside an Amiga 2000. Included are a 68020/68881 Turbo card, 32-bit Static RAM in 1/2 MB and 2 MB sizes, a SCSI controller and various SCSI-compatible hard drives. In addition they are also producing a unit that will allow you to install a 68020, 68881 and 512K of 32bit Static RAM inside an Amiga 1000 by simply remov ing the existing 68000 MPU and plugging a piggyback board into the 68000 socket. Prices for these items are S595 for the 68020, S895 for the 68020/12MHz 68881, $1,295 for the 68020/20MHz 68881 and an additional $795 for 512K of 32-bit Static RAM
with any of these configura tions.
NewTek also demonstrated a playback system that
allows you to capture real-time video images and play them back a la Max Headroom. If you have an Amiga 500 and would like to add the speed and performance of the 68020/68881 to your machine, CSA also produces versions of the piggyback unit for you. The prices are the same as for the Amiga 1000, but the 512K of Static RAM is not an available option. CSA is also planning to produce a mini-rack unit for the 500 that wall allow you to use some of the cards designed for the 2000. Exact specs were not available at SIGGRAPH. In any case, the Turbo line promises that, whichever Amiga you own, your perfor mance will be greater than any
of the industry's performance leaders'. In fact, an Amiga 1000 with the Tlirbo Highrise, 68020/68881 processing pair
and 512K of Static RAM turns in a Dhrystone figure of 2250, whereas a VAX 11/780 turns in a Dhrystone figure of 1500. This makes the Turbo-ized Amiga 50% faster than a VAX. Richard Moore and Joe Simoneti, of Ameristar, were busy showing off what many in the computer industry consider necessary for a serious comput er to survive â&#x20AC;&#x201D; networking. Richard and Joe, along with the other members of Ameris tar have pixxiuced a network ing system for the Amiga se ries that gives an Amiga owner the capability to network his or her machine to other Amigas or other system servers (like SUN or DEC machines) via ei ther the Ethernet or Arcnet protocols. I spoke with Joe and
Richard to find out more about
the protocols involved and to get their reasoning behind bringing networking to the Amiga family. When asked "Why the Amiga?" Joe responded that they saw the Amiga as a ma chine that had a lot of poten tial. They felt that they could enhance the usefulness of the machine by introducing net work services. At the time, they had seen SUN's network file system (NFS) as an emerg ing industry standard and felt that they could bring the Amiga into the mainline of the industry by producing Ether
net and Arcnet boards to sup port this standard. In doing so, they've made the Amiga avail able for use as a low-cost client workstation. They have also supplied peer to peer capabilities that will al low you to assign an Amiga as the server and then have a number (limited only by the protocol you are using) of other Amigas acting as worksta tions. Each workstation can have its own local file system, however, it can rely entirely on the server if it must. Also, you would not be limited to a sin gle-server-multiple-client sys tem. With the drivers provided, any Amiga on the network can be set up to act as the server for any other Amiga, while ac tually being the client of yet another Amiga (or other host, for that matter). Therefore, given four Amigas, A could be a server for B, C & D, while C was also a server for D & A, with B acting as a client for a SUN out further in the net work. The boards sell for $495 each in the Amiga 2000 configura tion. The driver software is al most invisible to the user â&#x20AC;&#x201D; in fact, when Joe demonstrated the S}rstem hooked up between a SUN Series 3 and an Amiga 2000, the SUN (which was the server) showed up on the
Amiga screen as just another Workbench disk icon. Also, when accessed, the speed in which the network responded COMMODORE MAGAZINE
113
SIGGRAPH '87
was actually much faster than the usual Amiga disk response. So far as the Amiga was con cerned, the SUN was just an other volume that it had access to. One difference to the Ami ga's devices, however, was that the server could be unmounted while an Amiga device, once mounted, is there until you re boot your machine. Joe was quick to contribute the following comment: "The best networking is networking that you don't see. The best networking is the kind where you can use the copy command or run your favorite editor or do everything as if the network was a disk on your own ma chine. You don't want to have a lot of special commands just to use the network, you want to make the whole thing trans parent to the user." Richard summed up their
work by saying. "There are cer tain areas of development that people have moved into. We feel that we've opened up an avenue into a whole new area of development. People can get on board and develop multi user applications that were un heard of before.'' In addition to their separate interests, CSA and Ameristar have gotten together and CSA will be marketing the Ameris tar Networking cards and driv ers with their Turbo-Amiga line to combine the functiona lity provided by these products. With companies like CSA and Ameristar developing products for our machines, Amiga owners may soon be able to look back at the early skepticism and laugh, knowing that it was only a matter of time before we got the last laugh. a
Included in the Commodore booth were exhibits by: Aegis Development 2210 Wilshire Blvd.. Suite 277 Santa Monica, CA 90403 213)392-9972
Anieristar Technologies
P.O. Box 415 Hauppage. NY 11788 5161698-0834
Anakin Research 100 Westmore Drive Unit 1IC
Rexdale, Ontario M9V 5C3
Canada 1416)828-0913
Liquid Light 2301 West 205th St. Suite 106
Microlllusions
17408 Chatsworth St. Granada Hills. CA 91344
(818)360-3715
Associated Computer
i4O8t741-O117
(417) 887-7373
Byte by Byte Arboretum Plaza II 9442 Capita] of Texa> Highway N. Suite 150 Austin. TX 78759 1512) 3434357
CalComp 2411 West La Palma Ave. Anaheim. CA 92803 (7141821-2000 Computer System Associates (CSA)
7564 TVade St.
Cupertino. CA 95014
Mindware, Inc. 370DunlopSt.W. Unit 3,5
Barrie, Ontario UN 5R7 Canada t705i 737-5998 NewTek, Inc. 115 West Crane St. Topeka.KS 66603 19131354-1146 Software Visions, Inc. 26 Forest Rd. Framingham. MA 01701 16171877-1266
University of Lowell (ZOXSO)
San Diego. CA 92121
P.O. Box 283 Lowell. MA 01S53-0283
.6191566-3911
(6171655-9548
Cold Disk. Inc. P.O. Box 789 217lDumvinDr.,#13
Winner's Circle System 2618 Telegraph Ave. Berkley. CA 94704
Mississausa Ontario L5L 1X2
(41518454811
114
JANUARY 1988
RAM:C assumes that I want to work from the Workbench only. The only drawback to using a RAM:C configuration is the slow down in the booting process and the loss of approximately 199K ofHAM.
I You could edit the COPY portion to include only the files that you use if you don't need the entire C directory - taj] Frank Dean Brunswick. ME
Defender of the Crown: When laying siege on a castle, you must be carefUl not to use up all of your ammunition before you completely breach the castle wall. To increase the accuracy of your shots, here are some hints that will help you break through with the least number of shots: Your first shot should be made with the cradle of the catapult (the part that the rack sits in) positioned so that five to six pixels of the rope are exposed. Each shot after that should allow one more pixel of the rope to be exposed. If you follow this guide you should be able to breach the wall with ammo to spare. Another interesting thing that I have discovered is that if your home castle is attacked, and you have no men there, the computer will put a number of men equal to your campaign army in your castle. For example, you have zero men at home and 50 men in your campaign army and your home castle is at tacked. You will now have 50 men at home and 50 men in your campaign army If you win the battle at home, you can return and put these 50 additional men into your campaign army. Greg Nichols Perm Valley, CA
(2131618-0274
Mi met ics P.O. Box 1560
1306 East Sunshine Springfield. MO 65804
Continued from pg. 18
Torrance.CA 90501
Canada 416: 744-4246
Services
Tips & Tricks/Amiga
Sinbad and the Throne of the Falcon: If you are tired of being wiped out every time you get into shipwreck tenitory or killed when you have to do battle, here's a small tip that will save you some anguish (and lives): By double-clicking on the Close Gad get in the upper left hand comer of the screen, you will betaken to GAME UTILITIES. Once there, you click on the RESUME GAME Gadget which will return you to the World Map screen. You may now continue to explore. Also, if you are ready to end the game by fighting the Black Prince in the battle to the death at the castle, do this before you actually fight, and both of your strengths will be returned to full. That doesn't make it any easi er to defeat him. but it may keep }tou live a bit longer. Tim Park Ottawa, Ontario Canada
Stack Information: If you're the kind of person who uses the CLI and then "RUNs" all of yom1 applications from the cuirent CLI, here's a bit of inibmiation that may enable you to do more with your Amiga than you could before. In many instances, pro grams require as little as 2K of Stack memory to operate. In oth ers, they require as much as 50K. The first thought many of the users in my circle had was that you must set the Stack to the
largest configuration required to prevent any problems when you run those stack-intensive applications. This was due to the fact that whenever you "spawn" a new task from an existing CLI using RUN, the program will be started with a stack the size of Continued on pg. 116
Faery Tale Adventure
AMIGA Software Reviews/Barbarian
Continued from pg. 38
Continued from pg. 40
of doors, and each key is only good for one
where you began. If you delay, the volcano erupts with you in it. The game has a funny side as well. He gor may be a hero, but his IQ isn't any thing to brag about. He will follow your instructions to the letter, regardless of how foolish they may be, For instance, if you tell him to walk off the edge of a cliff, he will without hesitation, i A character asked to do an obviously deadly feat in an adventure normally points out the stupid ity of the action and refuses.) Barbarian is a first-rate Amiga title from Psygnosis. a Liverpool-based com pany, and after experiencing the game's quality and challenge I hope many more will follow. If you are looking for a beauti ful, addictive, action-packed challenge for your Amiga, this one will do just fine.
door opening.
There are some problems with Faery Tale Adventure. First, there are actually two different versions of the game. There is a second version because there were many bugs and problems with the first
version. The old version of Faery Tale Ad venture can corrupt any saved game, pos sibly prohibiting you from loading your saved game. More often it will mean that objects and people will appear in your saved game where they aren't supposed to be. If you do find out that you have bought
the old version oEFaery Tale Adventure, do not despair. Send your original disk to Microlllusions, and they will send you the new version. If you are not sure which ver sion you have, save a game in progress, and watch what happens next. If the
screen does not change, then you have the new version. However, if the Faery Tale screen disappears, and is replaced by a black screen which only contains the fa miliar CLJ prompt, then you have the old version of the game. There are still a few bugs in Faery Tale Adventure that haven't been fixed yet. For example, the game does not work with all expansion memory devices. Also, at various times the people and monsters in Faery Tale will appear as
"colorful garbage." As for problems with the game other than the programming, one problem is that you can't cany extra food with you. There are pieces of food that can be found, picked up and later eaten, but these ran dom morsels appear rarely. Since a tre mendous amount of traveling must be un dertaken, you constantly find your char acter on the brink of starvation. Another flaw is the length of time that must be spent traveling from place to place. I don't object to the size of playing field, rather I am frustrated with the lack of interesting places to check out on this land mass. Overall, I was very pleased with Faen Tale Adventure. Unlike a game like De fender of the Crown, where the audio visu al parts of the program are intended to dazzle and awe, the effect of the audio/vi sual parts of Faery Tale is much less no ticeable. Faery Tale does not have the best graphics, sound or animation of all Amiga games, but the combined effect of all three is matched by perhaps no other game on the Amiga market today. I strongly suggest that you take a look at Faery Tale for yourself, and see what I mean. Despite the problems that still exist with this game, I'm sure that you will feel that you will be getting your money's worth, g
Hints
The only sure way to succeed is to memo rize every step through the cavern. Here are some suggestions to get you started: • When Hegor first begins walking you can cause him to both thrust his sword and walk at the same time. This combina tion is great for the first two opponents since they time their attack with Hegor's hesitation. If you start and then stop him, getting him to both walk and thrust again is difficult, and sometimes deadly. • Since time is a factor, and at least on the first few levels of the catacombs Hegor is quicker than Necron's guards, combin ing running and fighting will get you where you are going faster with less risk. • Fighting isn't always the answer— Hegor can jump better than Carl Lewis. Use this move to get behind opponents who give you real trouble. For instance the only way to get past the first twin trees is to jump through before the trap falls. The same is true of the wooden bridge—you can't walk across it, but you
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can jump over it.
• If you think the way Hegor jumps for ward is good, you need to see him jump backward. This is a great maneuver to po sition yourself behind an opponent and land facing his back. To do this turn He gor's back to the advancing threat and then click the defend icon. This causes the little barbarian to do a flying reverse jump. As soon as he lands, go into attack posture and the bad guys won't know what hit them. • Hegor performs commands in se
quence. So if you want him to walk right
and then thrust you can issue the orders rapidly. This is helpful when you need to avoid a threat off screen. Q
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115
Tips & Tricks/Amiga
Continued from pg. 114
your current stack default. If this default is 25000 bytes, then
you throw away an extra 25K every time you start a new appli cation (no matter how small). One way around this is by issuing a NEWCLI command from the current CLI, resize the new CLI window to its smallest size and then adjust the stack size in that window to what is necessary for your application. Now, you are only using the memory required for the mini-CLI. the applica tion and its stack. This doesn't disturb the original stack size, however, hi many instances, this could mean the difference be tween two and three applications running in the multitasking environment awarded by the Amiga. Also, some applications create their own stack through calls to AllocMem in the Exec Li brary. If this is the case, then your savings could actually be greater than expected. These charts demonstrate the saving on my machine (512K for this example).
Type chip fast total
Original CLI with a Stack of 10,000 Bytes Full Screen Maximum Largest Available In-Use 187712 364824 151040 515864 0 0 0 0 364824 515864 187712 151040
Type chip fast total
Secondary CLI with Stack of 4,000 Bytes. Minimum Size Maximum Available In-Use Largest 370824 145040 515864 187712 0 0 0 0 370824 515864 187712 145040
Type
Original CLI \v/10K Stack and UE in 2nd C LI Maximum Largest Available In-L'se
chip fast total
224640 0 224640
291224
515864
175712
0 291224
0 515864
175712
0
Type chip fast total
Secondary Mini-CLI w/lOK Stack and IE Available Maximum In-Use Largest 224640 515864 291224 175712 0 0 0 0 224640 291224 515864 175712
Type chip fast total
Secondary Mini-CLI \v/2K Stack and UE Maximum Available In-L'se Largest 240432 275432 515864 187712 0 0 0 0 240432 275432 515864 187712
The first two charts show the difference with blank CLI win dows, while the last three show the difference between a 10K Stack initial window and the effects of reducing the Stack to 2K in the second CLI prior to running the Shareware editor. UEdit. Aden Stephens St. Louis, OH
A Better LINE INPUT for AmigaBASIC: This is a fix to the screen flash that occurs when you use LINE INPUT or INPUTS with the AC/BASIC compiler from AbSoft. It also allows you to specify the number of characters to accept and where on the
116
JANUARY 1988
screen to display the response. Also, Backspacing will only go as far as the first character that the user has entered. Tb use it, call it by passing the number of characters allowed by the user in re sponse and the X and Y locations on the screen. The examples will demonstrate how to do this. The user's response will be re turned in the shared variable User$. It is assumed that you have preset the color that you want the text to be displayed in prior to calling Response. CLS: DIM Test$(2) LOCATE 23,1 : PRINT "What is your name?'; CALL Response(20,23,20)' Or Response 20,23,20 Test$(0) = User$ LOCATE 12,5 : PRINT "How old are you?" COLOR 3 CALL Response(3,12,22) COLOR lTest$(l) = UserS LOCATE 1.1 : PRINT "What do you think of this SUB Pro gram?"
CALLResponse(78,3.1) Test$(2) = UserS LOCATE 6,1: PRINT Test$(0),Test$(l)/Iest$(2) END
SUB Response(Num%^Loc%JxLoc^) STATIC SHARED UserS
LOCATE yLoc%,xLoc% CursY = (yLoc%-l)*8 CursX = (xLoc%-l)*8 UNE(CursX,CursY)-(CursX + 6,CursY + 7),3.bf User$ = "" GetEntry: c$ = INKEY$ : IF c$ = "" THEN GOTO GetEntry IFASC(c$> = 13 THEN IJNEf CursX,CursYw CursX + 6,CursY + 7).0.bf EXIT SUB END IF
IF ASC(c$) = 8 AND LEN(User$> > 0 THEN User$ = LEFT$fUser$,LEN(User$)-l) PRINT c$; IJNE(CursX.CursY)-(CursX + 6,CursY + 7).0,bf CursX = CursX - 8 LINE(CursX.CursYKCursX + 6.CiirsY + 7).3.bf GOTO GetEntry ELSEIFASC(cS) = 8 AND LEN(UserS) = 0THEN GOTO GetEntry END IF IF LEN(User$) - Num9ÂŁ THEN BEEP: GOTO GetEntr LINE(CursX,CursY)-(CursX + 6,CursY + 7).0,bf CursX = CursX + 8 LINE(CursX,CursYMCursX + 6,CursY + 7).3,bf PRINT cS;: User$ = User$ + c$ GOTO GetEntry END SUB
This one will run as if is. Just be sure to pass the values de scribed and you can now have better control of user input in your programs.
Tim Jones
Deltona, FL
D
Arnica Software Reviews/Online 2.0— Continued from pg. -16
Inside Q-Link
Continued from pg. 64
Can Your
MicroSystems now claims that Online! can keep up with 9600 baud. Although I
magazine to provide copies of their pro grams online. These program files are be can't confirm this, I can tell you that 2400 ing provided as a special convenience and baud is no longer a problem for OnlineFs i this should not be taken as an indication screen I/O routines. that the programs are being placed in the Many new commands have been added public domain. Files of this type are usu to the script file capabilities in Online! ally segregated from the Public Domain One is the Menu command, which allows libraries. you to simulate moving the mouse and se One other type of file you'll occasionally lecting a menu option. Another new script find online are the shareware programs. command is Say, which allows you to actu These are also copyrighted programs, but ally say the line, via the Amiga's built-in you can copy and distribute them freely. speech capability. You can now effectively The authors request, however, that you create script subroutines, and keep the send some sort of monetary donation to subroutines separate from the main script support future efforts if you find their cre file via the Do command. Do will allow ations useful. You can normally find out you to execute another script file, then re how to contact them within the program turn you to the main script file. itself, along with specific information on There are now a set of little gadgets, lo what type of donation is expected. cated at the bottom of the window, which A donation typically registers you as a allow you to execute macros (shifted and user with the author and may get you de unshifted) without taking your hands off tailed printed documentation, future up the mouse. Online! now has a review dates, or supplementary programs or util mode which will store the last 8K of ities. Some shareware authors abuse this screen text, so you can review this buffer concept, however, by issuing numerous at any time. You can save the buffer, print "updates" that may attempt to milk users it, or perform cut and paste to and from for additional income. Use your head and the clipboard, which will allow you to try to support those authors you find helptransfer data to and from any other fiil and the products you like. If an author Amiga program that is running to and sees a worthwhile return for his efforts from OnlineFs review buffer. he'll be encouraged to work on new and Online! still has a few problems. Menu better products. and sub-menu options don't seem to be Many shareware authors have not fared grouped in any sensible pattern. For in so well in the past, so an association has stance, putting the Duplex menu option been formed specifically for them. If you're separate from the baud rate and parity considering distributing a program you've settings makes little sense. Another prob written via this method, it might be wise lem that still hasn't been fixed for good is to contact the Association of Shareware OnlineFs infamous bug—the screen's text Professionals (ASP) at 11058 Main St, display can be thrown into the graphics Suite 225. Bellevue, WA 98006. (or international portion for the Amiga's Here's one final hint that many novice jewel fontsl portion of a font's ASCII map. users may find helpful. If you remember Online! used to occasional start showing these two simple lines, you should never strange text characters, effectively min get lost: ing any terminal session. This happens When in doubt—Use F5 less frequently with Online! 2.0, but it When all else fails—Use F7 still can occur. If it does, you are forced to quit Online! and start all over again. These simple rules never seem to dawn Another small complaint I have is that on users and are very easy to remember. while Online! still supports CIS-B, Com They work almost anywhere on the QpuServe's special protocol, they have not Link system. F5 always gets you out of added WXmodem to their available proto whatever area or function you're in. If cols. WXmodem is PeopleLink's special that fails, F7 will do just as well or provide protocol, and there are very many Amiga more information on what to do next. If users on PeopleLink. you're totally and hopelessly lost and don't Despite these problems, Online! has reknow what to do next, there's always the emerged as a good terminal program. power switch on your computer! While it will face stiff competition, On As usual, I can be reached online al line! now has what it takes to at least de most daily via E-Mail addressed to serve serious consideration for any Amiga RBAKER if you have any comments, user who is looking for a good terminal questions, or hints you'd like to share with program. g fellow users. g
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Adventures at Infocom Continued from pg. 73
Creative Sendees puts together the InvisiClue booklet that is made for each game. Meanwhile, the testers are making sure
The original team of four
spent many sleepless nights creating the Great Underground Empire. that the game in production is error-free and as good as the imp can make it. The majority of the testing phase is spent checking bugs and rechecking old bugs. It gets very tiring to play the same game again and again, so Product Testing Man ager Liz Cyr-Jones tries to space out the testers so that they don't get burned out on a game. Cyr-Jones describes Testing: "There are a ton of meetings involved and at some point in the process a day may go by where three new versions of the same game are tested, fixed for bugs and retested. It's very handy to have the design ers right down the hall." After Testing and Creative Services are finished, the product is almost ready. Get ting the product to market now lies in the hands of Marketing and Sales. Director of Marketing Mike Dombrook, Product Manager Gayle Syska and Sales Develop ment Manager Gabrielle Accardi each have a few weeks with the product to do their jobs. Public Relations Manager Cyn thia Weiss also has a few weeks to send out press releases and review copies to re viewers on her list. Ironically, advertising has been cut back and Infocom relies heavily on the work of these three people to promote the product. Distribution of a new product through out the U.S.. Canada. Europe. Japan and Australia is handled by Activision. Info com. a wholly-owned subsidiary of Activi sion, retains full creative control over products under the Infocom label. Director of Marketing Dombrook said "Activision is there to help us with different things we may need. Activision offers us many more possibilities, including an Amiga version of The Lurking Manor that includes sound effects." Tb put an interactive fiction program onto disk for consumer use. the imps use a language created especially for the design of interactive fiction called ZIL iZork Im plementation Language!. Chris Reeve, Vice President of Product Development, describes ZIL: "It's similar to the computer 118
JANUARY 1988
The Status Line For 250,000 readers. The Status Line is the major source of news about Infocom. Since 1982, there has been a newsletter for the fans of Infocom. Originally started by Director of Marketing Mike Dombrook as a newsletter for Zork fans called The
NewZork Times, The Status Line/The NewZork Times has seen publication 18 times as of this writing. What makes The Status Line so popular? Perhaps the fact that the newsletter is free for all purchasers of an Infocom game helps the circulation of The Status Line. By filling in the warranty card that comes with eveiy game, you are eligible to re ceive The Status Line. No renewal is nec essary for you to receive the most up-todate information about Infocom and its games. The newsletter is published four times a year and has grown larger every year of publication. The New Zork Times was first pub lished in 1982 under the direction of Mike Dombrook. who coincidental ly also found ed the Zork Users Group. ZUG. In 1986. a famous New York newspaper requested that Infocom change the name of the newsletter. One issue went by without a new name. Finally, a reader's suggestion was accepted in a contest and the name of the newsletter was officially changed to The Status Line. However, tine fans of In focom still refer to the newsletter as The New Zork Times. The New Zork Times offered subscrib ers special Zork merchandise that, alas, is no longer available. When Infocom took science language Pascal in that a com mand entered in the game calls a proce dure, and that procedure calls other proce dures in a long chain to check all of the possibilities. Eventually, the chain ends and the command can be processed. Pro gramming in ZIL with new commands re quires linking the new commands to the
appropriate procedures. ZIL is symbolic, like LISP, and checks the relationships be tween an object and an action to see if it feasible." An imp designs the game on a main frame DEC 20 system, lovingly known as "Fred." After using ZIL to get the code to gether for the game, the program is con verted to the various microcomputers. Be cause the conversion to different micros occurs after the main code is written, all versions are essentially written at the same time. The original machine lan guage (called Z-machine language) is
over NZT from ZUG, the special mer chandise did not switch hands. So. if you can find any of the original Zork buttons. bumper stickers, hint booklets and post ers, you have bona fide collector's items. Still, The Status Line continues the tradi tion of those four early editions of NZT and offers some special deals of its own. Subscribers are eligible to take part in the contests that appeal1 in The Status Line, of which there are usually two per is sue. Also, readers of the newsletter occa sionally get special offers for Infocom mer chandise and discounts on games. For ex ample, all 18 issues of The Status Line: The New Zork Times were offered for $10 in the Summer 1987 issue of The Status Line. Similar items are occasionally of fered for sale. In the Winter 1986 edition of the newsletter ithen The New Zork Times), the first 150 purchasers ofBallylux) for each computer version received editions signed and numbered by Jeff O'Neill. I find the most interesting part of each edition of The Status Line is the puzzle that appears in the back. Each puzzle really has two parts. First, the reader must answer trivia questions about the Infocom games. These questions can ask for number answers or word answers and are usually difficult and obscure. In any case, after answering these questions, the results are placed into some other kind of puzzle, requiring correct answers from the first part and an ability to solve the sec ond puzzle. Previous puzzles have includ ed crosswords, connect the dots, anagrams and guessing what game a particular name comes from. g placed on the micro's disk along with a ZIP (Z-machine Interpreter Program) that understands the original machine lan guage and adapts it to the micro. Brian Moiiarty. designer of the new release Be yond Zork. attempted to use advanced EZIPs (enhanced ZIPs) to produce unique features for his game. While developing Beyond Zork, Brian asked "What could be done to make all of the typing and mapping easier for the player?" The result is found in Beyond Zork, complete with many new enhance ments. The game draws a map on the screen as you visit locations. It also allows the player to use a mouse to point at the map to move along. You can also program the function keys to execute a string of commands. These enhancements will make Beyond Zork very popular in the market to those looking for a little extra with their Infocom game.
Adventures at Infocom I had the pleasure of playing Beyond take place in real time, so that if you take Zork during my trip to Infocom. Although your time playing the game, you'll waste it wasn't complete, I can already say that valuable game time. Blank has been the game will be one of my favorites of the away from Infocom for a few years but the year. Beyond Zork. aside from all of the veteran designer has been working on his normal elements and those discussed by new project for some time. Border Zone Moriarty above, is partly a role-playing should be available by the time you read game in that your character has distinct this. characteristic ratings that increase The success that Infocom enjoyed last throughout the game. Moriarty described year was considerable. Public Relations Beyond Zork: "It's not a sequel and it's not Manager Cynthia Weiss related proudly, a prequel. It takes place in the universe of "All of our titles released this year made it the Zork trilogy, the Enchanter trilogy to the Softsel Hot list. The games that and Wishbringer and has elements from were named to the list were Bureaucracy, all those games." Hollywood Hijinx, Stationfall and The New directions that Infocom has taken Lurking Horror. Also, last quarter we saw are evident in two games released in Sep the first profit since December 1983. tember. Plundered Hearts, designed by Obviously, the company would not be as newest imp (and first female game design successful if it weren't for the talented in novators who form the backbone of Info er) Amy Briggs, is the first interactive fic tion game from Infocom with a female com. Their interactive fiction keeps people protagonist. Briggs describes Plundered up late, home from work and hopelessly Hearts as a "pirate romance. You're a addicted until completion. I annually re play the Zork trilogy just like other people woman traveling in the Caribbean in the late 1600's and you get caught up with pi rates. It's not a silly romance story that Infocom Trivia has women swooning everywhere, but more serious and lifelike." Here are some interesting bits of infor mation about Infocom that I discovered Nord and Bert Couldn't Make Head Or Tail OfIt is the other recent release. Nord while conducting research for this article: and Bert, designed by Jeff O'Neill, is a set • Steve Meretzky designs all of the puzzles for The Status Line/The New Zork of eight short stories that deals with word games. The short story format and the on Times. In his search for the most obscure pieces of information, he sometimes finds line InvisiClues are unique to Nord and things the imps didn't know about in their Bert. On-line InvisiClues can be accessed own games. The Zorkmid coin pictured on with a special command and require the the back of the Zork I box was never in player to "peel off" the answer to a ques tion to select the level of help wanted — a | cluded in the game package or mentioned general push in the right direction or a in the caption for the photograph. It took until Zork Trilogy for the coin to surface revelation of the full answer. Jon Palace, in an Infocom game. Creative Development Manager, re • Steve is considered the most prolific marked, "We're not promising on-line of the imps at Infocom. If not working on a InvisiClues with all nature games. It's an new game or proposals for a game, Steve experiment. Just like the enhancements thinks up nasty new puzzles to unleash on made in Beyond Zork." Infocom hopes to collaborate with many The Status Line readers. • In the photo session for the Spellauthors to design games. Douglas Adams breaker booklet cover, the man playing has had two successes with Infocom's The the wizard fell asleep during makeup, Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (co-auth only to wake up with a full beard added to ored with Steve Meretzky) and Bureau his head. cracy. The company would like to see col • If you examine the wizard's hands in laborations with other authors for game designers. Look for more news in this area the Spellbreaker photos, you'll notice that he is wearing Dave Lebling's class ring soon. Other big news from Cambridge is the from M.I.T., the "brass rat." return of Marc Blank, Zork trilogy co-au • Jeff O'Neill, in the process of re thor, to design a spy game. The game will searching his first game, Ballyhoo, turned have three segments, one of which will in receipts for a circus ticket, parking, cir take place in real time, so that if you take cus program, four snow cones, six hot Other big news from Cambridge is the dogs, a babysitter for four hours and lost return of Marc Blank, Zork trilogy co-au time from work for five hours. Needless to thor, to design a spy game. Border Zone say, his research paid off well with the suc will have three segments, all of which cess ofBallyhoo.
re-read certain books. The humor, creativ ity and intellectual challenges contained in each game expand the imagination. After meeting the people at Infocom, I can no longer regard a new game as merely a box with a disk and enclosures. Instead I see the hard work and dedication that goes into every game, from the Customer Support reps who replace disks and an swer endless questions to Testing who look for the best in a game, extending to all areas of the company. Carl Genatossio described it best; "It's a mix of top quality people working here — the game writers, the marketing people, the creative people, the production people, the testers, public relations and customer support. Everybody is really top-notch here, and it's just a wonderful working re lationship," I would like to personally thank Cyn thia Weiss, without whom this article could not have been written. Her hard work is well-appreciated. g • Being a tester at Infocom reaps its benefits. Director of Marketing Mike Dornbrook was the company's first tester. Imps Steve Meretzky, Amy Briggs and Jeff O'Neill all started out as testers with the company too. • Brian Moriarty, designer of Wish bringer, Trinity and Beyond Zork is a for mer editor for ANALOG Computing mag azine. • Steve Meretzky originally hated text games. As Mike Dombrook's roommate in college, he was slowly drawn into the games and before long was designing them himself. • Jim Lawrence, co-author of Seastalker and Moonmist with Stu Galley, wrote for the Tbm Swift, Jr., Bobbsey Twins, Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys se ries.
• Michael Berlyn, aside from his efforts in designing Infidel and Suspended, was the designer of a game called Cyborg and the author of Crystal Phoenix and The In tegrated Man.
• Finally, the word "Zork." Everyone asks where it came from. The real story is that Marc Blank, one of the original de signers of Zork and Infocom veteran, chose the name for the game that he and Dave Lebling, Tim Anderson, Joel Berez and Bruce Daniels created. "Zork" was a popular nonsense word at the M.I.T. Labo ratory for Computer Science used as an interjection when something went wrong. If only Marc could have know the impact that word would have on the software in dustry and adventure games. Q COMMODORE MAGAZINE
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HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS The programs which appear in this magazine have been run, tested and checked for bugs and errors. After a pro gram is tested, it is printed on a letter quality printer with some formatting changes. This listing is then photo graphed directly and printed in the maga zine. Using this method ensures the most error-free program listings possible. Whenever you see a word inside brack ets, such as [DOWN], the word represents a keystroke or series of keystrokes on the keyboard. The word IDOWN] would be entered by pressing the cursor-down key. If multiple keystrokes are required, the number will directly follow the word. For example, IDOWN4J would mean to press the cursor-down key four times. If there are multiple words within one set of brackets, enter the keystrokes directly after one another. For example. [DOWN. RIGHT2] would mean to press the cursordown key once and then the cursor-right key twice. Note: Do not enter the commas. In addition to these graphic symbols, the keyboard graphics are all represented by a word and a letter. The word is either SHFT or CMD and represents the SHIFT key or the Commodore key. The letter is one of the letters on the keyboard. The combination [SHFT E] would be entered by holding down the SHIFT key and
pressing the E. A number following the letter tells you how many times to type the letter. For example. [SHFT A4,CMD B3] would mean to hold the SHIFT key and press the A four times, then hold down the Commodore key and press the B three times. The following chart tells you the keys to press for any word or words inside of
brackets. Refer to this chart whenever you
aren't sure what keys to press. The little graphic next to the keystrokes shows you what you will see on the screen.
SYNTAX ERROR This is by far the most common error encountered while entering a program. Usually (sorry folks) this means that you have typed something incorrectly on the line the syntax error refers to. If you get the message "?Syntax Error Break In Line 270", type LIST 270 and press RETURN. This will list line 270 to the screen. Look for any non-obvious mis takes like a zero in place of an 0 or viceversa. Check for semicolons and colons re versed and extra or missing parenthesis. All of these things will cause a syntax
Q ■■[UP!" = CURSORUP
■j "IRIOHT)"" CURSOR RIGHT Jl ■■|LEFT|"=CURSORLEFT
[3 ■■[RVS]"=CONTROL9 8 ■■'RVOFFI""CONTROL0 H "iBLACKl""CONTROL 1 [1 [WHrrE]"=CONTROL2
OTHER PROBLEMS
This is another common error message. This can also be caused by a typing error, but it is a little harder to find. Once again, list the line number that the error mes sage refers to. There is probably a poke statement on this line. If there is, then the error is referring to what is tiling to be poked. A number must be in the range of
■■[F2f=F2
H "iYELLOW)" "CONTROLS
R " [ORANGE]" = COMMODORE 1 P -[BROWNI-"COMMODORE 2
R"[L REDJ" -COMMODORE 3 |" = COMMODORE 4 |" = COMMODORE 5
H -[F5| =F5 "IPB1"-F8
|j ■■[F8]" = F8
|£j "IPOUNDl""ENGLISH
"(L GREEN|" = COMMODORE 6
mm
-IGRAY3I" = COMMODORE 8
■|SHFT"|" = PIS
+j ■'[■!'■ = UP ARROW
GRAPHIC SYMBOLS WILL BE REPRESENTED AS EITHER THE LETTERS SHFT (SHIFT) AND A KEY ("(SHFT Q.SHFT J.SHFT D,SHFT S]") OR THE LETTERS CMDR (COMMODORE) AND A KEY {"[CMDR QrCMDR
G.COMDR Y,CMDR H]"). IF A SYMBOL IS REPEATED, THE NUMBER OF REPITITIONS WILL BE DIRECTLY AFTER THE KEY AND BEFORE THE COMMA ("[SPACE3.SHFT S4.CMDR M2I").
124
JANUARY 1988
OUT OF DATA ERROR
ILLEGAL QUANTITY ERROR
3 ■■1BLUES"=CONTROL7
"|CYAN|"= CONTROL 4
If the variable is not coming from data statements, then the problem will be a lit tle harder to find. Check each line that contains the variable for typing mistakes.
There is only one time a syntax error will tell you the ''wrong" line to look at. If the line the syntax error refers to has a function call (i.e., FN A(3», the syntax error may be in the line that defines the function, rather than the line named in the error message. Look for a line near the beginning of the program (usually) that has DEF FN A(X) in it with an equa tion following it. Look for a typo in the equation part of this definition.
. BLUE1""COMMODORE7 ~-
typos.
This error message is always related to the data statements in a program. If this error occurs, it means that the program has run out of data items before it was supposed to. It is usually caused by a prob lem or typo in the data statements. Check first to see if you have left out a whole line of data. Next, check for missing commas between numbers. Reading data from a page of a magazine can be a strain on the brain, so use a ruler or a piece of paper or anything else to help you keep track of where you are as you enter the data.
error.
H"|HOME1" UNSHIFTED CUV CLR/HOME ["IHOMEl" == UNSHIFTED HOME til "SPURPLEI" "CONTROL 5 !| "[GREENr "CONTROL 6 D'■[CLEAR]" = SHIFTED CLR/HOME m "jDOWNr=CURSORDOWN
zero to 255 to be poke-able. For example, the statement POKE 1024,260 would pro duce an illegal quantity error because 260 is greater than 255. Most often, the value being poked is a variable (A,X... i. This error is telling you that this variable is out of range. If the variable is being read from data state ments, then the problem is somewhere in the data statements. Check the data statements for missing commas or other
It is important to remember that the 64 and the PET/CBM computers will only ac cept a line up to 80 characters long. The VIC 20 will accept a line up to 88 charac ters long. Sometimes you will find a line in a program that runs over this number of characters. This is not a mistake in the listing. Sometimes programmers get so carried away crunching programs that they use abbreviated commands to get more than 80 (or 88) characters on one line. You can enter these lines by abbrevi ating the commands when you enter the line. The abbreviations for BASIC com mands are on pages 133-134 of the VIC 20 user guide and 130-131 of the Commodore 64 user's guide. If you type a line that is longer than 80 (or 88l characters, the computer will act as if everything is ok, until you press RE TURN. Then, a syntax error will be dis played (without a line number). Many people write that the computer gives them a syntax error when they type the line, or that the computer refuses to accept a line. Both of these problems are results of typ ing a line of more than 80 (or 88) charac ters.
How to Enter Programs
THE PROGRAM WONT RUN!!
This is the hardest of problems to re solve; no error message is displayed, but the program just doesn't run. This can be caused by many small mistakes typing a program in. First check that the program was written for the computer you are us ing. Check to see if you have left out any lines of the program. Check each line of the program for typos or missing pails. Fi nally, press the RUN/STOP key while the program is "running". Write down the line the program broke at and try to follow the program backwards from this point, look ing for problems.
IF ALL ELSE FAILS
You've come to the end of your rope.
, i I j
You can't get the program to run and you can't find any errors in your typing. What do you do? As always, we suggest that you try a local user group for help. In a group of even just a dozen members, someone is bound to have typed in the same program. The user group may also have the pro gram on a library disk and be willing to make a copy for you. If you do get a working copy, be sure to compare it to your own version so that you can learn from your errors and increase you understanding of programming. If you live in the country, don't have a local user group, or you simply can't get any help, write to us. If you do write to us, include the following information about the program you are having problems with:
The name of the program The issue of the magazine it was in
The computer you are using Any error messages and the line numbers Anything displayed on the screen A printout of your listing (if possible) All of this information is helpful in an swering your questions about why a pro gram doesn't work. A letter that simply states "I get an error in line 250 whenever I run the program" doesn't give us much to go on. Send your questions to:
Commodore Magazine 1200 Wilson Drive West Chester, PA 19380 ATTN: Program Problem Have fun with the programs!
Q
HOW TO USE THE MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAMS The Magazine Entry Programs on the next pages are two BASIC machine language programs that will assist you in entering the programs in this magazine correctly. There are versions for both the Commodore 64 and the Commodore 128. Once the program is in place, it works its magic without you having to do anything else. The program will not let you enter a line if there is a typing mistake on it. and better yet, it identifies the kind oferror for you.
Getting Started
Type in the Magazine Entry Program carefully and save it as you go along (just in easel. Once the whole program is typed in, save it again on tape or disk. Now RUN the program. The word POKING will appear on the top of the screen with a number. The number will increment from 49152 up to 49900 (4864-5545 on the 128) and just lets you know that the program is running. If everything is ok, the program will finish running and say DONE. Then type NEW. If there is a problem with the data statements, the program will tell you where to find the problem. Otherwise the program will say "mistake in data state ments." Check to see if commas are miss ing, or if you have used peiiods instead of commas. Also check the individual data items. Once the program has run, it is in memory ready to go. To activate the pro gram type SYS49152 (SYS4864 on the 128), and press RETURN. You are nowready to enter the programs from the magazine. To disable the Entry Program, just type KILL [RETURN] on the 64 or
SYS4867 on the 128. The checksums for each line are the same for both the 64 and 128. so you can enter your 64 programs on the 128 if you'd like.
Typing the Programs All the BASIC program listings in this magazine that are for the 64 or 128 have an apostrophe followed by four letters at the end of the line (e.g., 'ACDF). If you plan to use the Magazine Entry Program to enter your programs, the apostrophe and letters should be entered along with the rest of the line. This is a checksum that the Magazine Entry Program uses. Enter the line and the letters at the end and then press RETURN, just as you nor mally would. If the line is entered correctly, a bell is sounded and the line is entered into the computer's memory (without the charac ters at the end). If a mistake was made while entering the line, a noise is sounded and an error message is displayed. Read the error mes sage, then press any key to erase the mes sage and coirect the line.
IMPORTANT If the Magazine Entiy Program sees a mistake on a line, it does not enter that line into memory. This makes it impossi ble to enter a line incorrectly.
Error Messages and What They Mean There are five error messages that the Magazine Entiy Program uses. Here they are, along with what they mean and how-
to fix them.
NO CHECKSUM: This means that you forgot to enter the apostrophe and the four letters at the end of the line. Move the cursor to the end of the line you just typed and enter the checksum. QUOTE: This means that you forgot (or added) a quote mark somewhere in the line. Check the line in the magazine and correct the quote. KEYWORD: This means that you have either forgotten a command or spelled one of the BASIC keywords (GOTO. PRINT..) incorrectly. Check the line in the magazine again and check your spell ing. # OF CHARACTERS: This means that you have either entered extra charac ters or missed some characters. Check the line in the magazine again. This error message will also occur if you misspell a BASIC command, but create another keyword in doing so. For example, if you misspell PRINT as FRONT, the 64 sees the letter P and R, the BASIC keyword ON and then the letter T. Because it sees the keyword ON, it thinks you've got too many characters, instead of a simple mis spelling. Check spelling of BASIC com mands if you can't find anything else wrong.
UNIDENTIFIED: This means that you have either made a simple spelling error, you typed the wrong line number, or you typed the checksum incorrectly. Spelling errors could be the wrong number of spaces inside quotes, a variable spelled wrong, or a word misspelled. Check the line in the magazine again and correct the mistake. a COMMODORE MAGAZINE
125
Magazine Entry Program—64-
The Magazine Entry Programs are available on disk, along with oiher programs in this magazine, for $9.95. To order, contact Loadsiar at 1-S00-831 -2694.
10
PRINT"[CLEAR]POKING
20
P=49152
:REM
-";
SC000
(END
AT
1033
DATA
91,91,0D,20,20,20,20,20
1034
DATA
20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20
1035
DATA
20,20,20,20,20,20,20,91
1036
DATA
0D,51,55,4F,54,45,00,4B
1037
DATA
1038
DATA
45,59,57,4F,52,44,00,23 20,4F,46,20,43,48,41,52
1039
DATA
41,43,54,45,52,53,00,55
1040
DATA
4E,49,44,45,4E,54,49,46
1041
DATA
1042
DATA
49,45,44,00,4E,4F,20,43 48,45,43,4B,53,55,4D,00
1043
DATA
C8,B1,7A,D0,FB,84,FD,C0
L=ASC(MID$(A$,2,1))
1044
DATA
09,10,03,4C/84,C1,88,88
50
H=ASC(MID$(A$,1,1))
1045
DATA
88,8 8,88,B1,7A,C9,27,D0
DATA
60
L=L-48:IF
1046
13,A9,00,91,7A,C8,A2,00
1047
DATA
Bl,7A,9D,3C,03,C8,E8,E0
1048
DATA
04,D0,F5,6 0,A9,04,4C,CA
1049
DATA
C0,A0,00,B9,00,02,99,40
1050
DATA
03,F0,F0,C8,D0,F5,A0,00
1051
DATA
49900/SC2EC)
30
READ A$:IF
40
A$="END"THEN
L>9
THEN
H=H-48:IF
80
PRINT"[HOME,RIGHT12] "P; IF
H>15
OR
THEN
L=L-7
70
90
H>9
L>15
:PRINT"DATA
H=H-7
THEN
ERROR
110
IN
1052
LINE";
1053
1000+INT((P-4 9152J/8):STOP 100
B=H*16+L:P0KE :GOTO
110
IF
P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1
30
TO86200
THEN
:PRINT"MISTAKE DATA 120
IN
DATA
—>
CHECK
STATEMENTS":END
PRINT "DONE": END
1000
DATA
4C,1F, C0,00, 00,00 ,00,00
1001
DATA
00,00, 00,00, 00,0D ,00,21
1002
DATA
Cl,27, C1,2F, C1,3F ,C1,4C
1003
DATA
C1,EA, EA,EA, 4C,54 ,C0,A2
1004
DATA
05,BD, 19,C0, 95,73 ,CA,10
1005
DATA
F8,60, 60,A0, 03,B9 ,00,02
B9,40,03,F0,E6,99,00,02 DATA C8,D0,F5,20,96,C1,4C,12 DATA C2,A0,09,A9,00,99,03,C0
1054
DATA
1055
DATA
8D,3C,03,8 8,10,F7,A9,80 85,02,A0,00,20,58,Cl,20
1056
DATA
8 9,C1,20,ED,C1,E6,7A,E6
1057 1058
DATA DATA
7B,20,7C,A5,A0,00,20,80 C0,F0,D0,24,02,F0,06,4C
1059
DATA
A8,C0,4C,CE,C1,C9,22/D0
1060
DATA
0 6,20,8D,C0,4C,CE,C1,20
1061
DATA
BA,C0,4C,CE,C1,A0,00,B9
1062
DATA
00,02,20,74,C0,C8,90,0A
1063
DATA
18,6D,07,C0,8D,07,C0,4C
1064
DATA
EF,C1,8 8,A2,00,B9,00,02
1065
DATA
9D,00,02,F0,04,E8,C8,D0 F4,60,18,AD,09,C0,69,41 8D,09,C0,38,AD,0A,C0,E9
1066
DATA
1067
DATA
1068
DATA
19,90,06,8D,0A,C0,4C,1C
1069
DATA
C2,AD,0A,C0,69,41,8D,0A C0,AD,03,C0,6D,05,C0,48
1006
DATA
D9,04, C1,D0, F5,88 ,10,F5
1007
DATA
A0,05, B9,A2, E3,99 ,73,00
1070
DATA
1008
DATA
88,10, F7,A9, 00,8D ,18,D4
1071
DATA
AD,04,C0,6D,06,C0,8D,0C
1009
DATA
4C,EF, C0,E6, 7A,D0 ,02,E6
1072
DATA
C0,6 8,6D,0 8,C0,8D,0B,C0
1010
DATA
7B,4C, 79,00, A5,9D ,F0,F3
1073
DATA
AD,0C,C0,6D,07,C0,8D,0C
1011
DATA
A5,7A, C9,FF, D0,ED ,A5,7B
1074
DATA
1012
DATA
C9,01, D0,E7, 20, 2B ,C0,AD
C0,38,E9,19,90,06,8D,0C
DATA
C0,4C,52,C2,AD,0C,C0,69
DATA
00,02, 20,74, C0,90 ,DC,A0
1075
1013
1076
DATA
1014
DATA
1077
DATA
41,8D,0C,C0,AD,0B,C0,E9 19,90,06,8D,0B,C0,4C,67
1078
DATA
C2,AD,0B,C0,6 9,41,8D,0B
1079
DATA
C0,A0,01,AD,09,C0,CD,3C
1080
DATA
03,D0,20,C8,AD,0A,C0,CD
1081
DATA
3D,03,D0,17,C8,AD,0B,C0
1082
DATA
CD,3E,03,D0,0E,AD,0C,C0
1083
DATA
CD,3F,03,D0,06,20,CC,C2
1084
DATA
4C,4B,C0,98,48,68,4C,CA
1085
DATA
C0,A9,20,8D,00,D4,8D,01 D4,A9,09,8D,0 5,D4,A9,0F
1015
DATA
00,AC, A9,C1, C9,30 ,30,06 C9,3A, 10,02, 38,60 ,18,60
1016
DATA
C8,B1, 7A,C9, 20,D0 ,03,C8
1017
DATA
D0,F7, B1,7A, 60,18 ,C8,B1
1018
DATA
7A,F0, 37,C9, 22,F0 ,F5,6D
1019
DATA
03,C0, 8D,03, C0,AD ,04,C0
1020
DATA
69,00, 8D,04, C0,4C ,8E,C0
1021
DATA
18,6D, 05,C0, 8D,05 ,C0,90
1022
DATA
03,EE, 06,C0, EE,09 ,C0,4C
1023
DATA
CE,C1, 18,6D, 08,C0 ,8D,08
1024
DATA
C0,90, 03,EE, 07,C0 ,EE,0A
1025
DATA
C0,60, 0A,A8, B9,0F ,C0,85
1026
DATA
FB,B9, 10,C0, 8 5,FC ,A0,00
1086
DATA
1087
DATA
1088
DATA
8D,18,D4,60,20,A9,C2,A9 81,20,DF,C2,A9,80,20,DF C2,4C,D9,C2,20,A9,C2,A9
1027
DATA
A9,12, 20,D2, FF,B1 ,FB,F0
1089
DATA
1028
DATA
06,20, D2,FF, C8,D0 ,F6,20
1090
DATA
11,20,DF,C2,A9,10,20,DF
1029
DATA
BC,C2, 20,E4, FF,F0 ,FB,A0
1091
DATA
C2,A9,00,8D,04,D4,60,8D
1030
DATA
18,B9, 08,Cl, 20, D2 ,FF,88
1092
DATA
0 4,D4,A2,70,A0,00,88,D0
1031
DATA
10/F7, 68,68, A9,00 ,8D,00
1093
DATA
FD,CA,D0,FA,69,END
1032
DATA
02,4C, 74,A4, 4B,49 ,4C,4C
126
JANUARY 1988
END
Magazine Entry Program—128 5
TRAP
200
10
PRINT"[CLEAR]POKING
20
P=4864
:REM
$1300
-"; (END
AT
5545/$15A9) 30
READ
80
PRINT"[HOME,RIGHT12] " p;
100
A$:IF
A$="END"THEN
B=DEC(A$):POKE :GOTO
110
IF
110
P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1
30
TO59382
THEN
:PRINT"MISTAKE DATA
IN
DATA
—>
CHECK
STATEMENTS":END
1038
DATA
45,44,00,4E,4F,20,43,48
1039
DATA
45,43,4B,53,55,4D,00,C8
1040
DATA
B1,3D,D0,FB,98,30,04,C9
1041
DATA
06,30,IE,88,88,88,88,88
1042
DATA
B1,3D,C9,27,D0,13,A9,00
1043
DATA
91,3D,C8,A2,00,B1,3D,9D
1044
DATA
00,0B,C8,E8,E0,04,D0,F5
1045
DATA
60,4C,5C,15,4C,C5,14,A0
1046
DATA
09,A9,00,99,06,13,8D,00
1047
DATA
0B,88,10,F7,A9,80,85,FD
1048
DATA
A0/00,20,3F,14,20,AE,14
1049
DATA
20,0D,4 3,84,FA,A0,FF,20
1050
DATA
67,13,F0,D8,24,FD,F0,06
1051
DATA
20,8F,13,4C,8F,14,C9,22
1052
DATA
D0,06,20,74,13,4C,8F,14
1053
DATA
20,9F,13,4C,8F,14,A0,00
1054
DATA
B9,00,0 2,20,5B,13,C8,90
1055
DATA
0A,18,6D,0A,13,8D,0A,13
1056
DATA
4C,B0,14,88,60,18,AD,0C
1057
DATA
13,69,41,8D,0C,13,38,AD
1058
DATA
0D,13,E9,19,90,06,8D,0D
1059
DATA
13,4C,CF,14,AD,0D,13,69
1060
DATA
41,8D,0D,13,AD,06,13,6D
1061
DATA
08,13,48,AD,07,13,6D,09
1062
DATA
13,8D,0F,13,68,6D,0B,13
1063
DATA
8D,0E,13,AD,0F,13,6D,0A
1000
DATA
4C,1E,13,4C,3A,13,00,00
1001
DATA
8E,00,F7,00,42,41,51,57
1002
DATA
0D,00,0D,43,08,14,0E,14
1003
DATA
16,14,26,14,33,14,A9,00
1004
DATA
8D,00,FF,AD,04,03,80,12
1005
DATA
13,AD,05,03,8D,13,13,A2
1006
DATA
4A,A0,13,8E,04,03,8C,05
1007
DATA
03,60,AD,12,13,8D,04,03
1008
DATA
AD,13,13,8D,05,03,60,6C
1009
DATA
12,13,A5,7F,D0,F9,AD,00
1010
DATA
02,20,5B,13,90,F1#A0,00
1011
DATA
4C,6F,14,C9,30,30,06,C9
1012
DATA
3A,10,02,38,60,18,60,C8
1013
DATA
B1,3D,C9,20,D0,03,C8,D0
1014
DATA
F7,B1,3D,60,18,C8,B1,3D
1064
DATA
13,8D,0F,13,38,E9,19,90
1015
DATA
F0,35,C9,22,F0,F5,6D,06
1065
DATA
06,8D,0F,13,4C,05,15,AD
1016
DATA
13,8D,06,13,AD,07,13,69
1066
DATA
0F,13,69,41,8D,0F,13,AD
1017
DATA
00,8D,07,13,4C,75,13,18
1067
DATA
0E,13,E9,19,90,06,8D,0E
1018
DATA
6D,08,13,8D,08,13,90,03
1068
DATA
13,4C,1A,15,AD,0E,13,69
1019
DATA
EE,09,13,EE,0C,13,60,18
1069
DATA
41,8D/0E,13,A0,01,AD,0C
1020
DATA
6D,0B,13,8D,0B,13,90,03
1070
DATA
13,CD,00,0B,D0,20,C8,AD
1021
DATA
EE,0A,13,EE,0D,13,60,0A
1071
DATA
0D,13,CD,-01,0B,D0,17,C8
1022
DATA
A8,B9,14,13,85,FB,B9,15
1072
DATA
AD,0E,13,CD,02,0B,D0,0E
1023
DATA
13,85,FC,A0,00,8C,00,FF
1073
DATA
AD,0F,13,CD,0 3,0B,D0,06
1024
DATA
A9,12,20,D2,FF,B1,FB,F0
1074
DATA
20,8 9,15,A4,FA,60,98,48
1025
DATA
06,20,D2,FF,C8/D0,F6f20
1075
DATA
68,4C,AF,13,A9,04,4C,AF
1026
DATA
79,15,20,A3,15,20,E4/FF
1076
DATA
13,A9,00,8D,00,FF,A9,20
1027
DATA
F0,FB,A0,lB,B9,EF,13,20
1077
DATA
8D,00,D4,8D,01,D4,A9,09
1028
DATA
D2,FF,88,10,F7,68,68,A9
DATA
00,8D,00,02,4C,67,40,91
1078
DATA
8D,05,D4,A9,0F,8D,18,D4
1029
1079
DATA
60,20,61,15,A9,81,20,9C
1030
DATA
91,00,20,20,20,20,20,20
1080
DATA
15,A9,80,20,9C,15,4C,96
1031
DATA
20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20
15,20,61,15,A9,11,20,9C
DATA
20,20,20,20,20,20,91,0D
1081
DATA
1032
DATA
15,A9,10,20,9C,15,A9,00
1033
DATA
51,55,4F,54,45,00,4B,45
1082
DATA
8D,04,D4,60,8D,04,D4,A2
1034
DATA
59,57,4F,52,44,00,23,20
1083
1035
DATA
4F,46,20,43,48,41,52,41
1084
DATA
70,A0,00,8 8,D0,FD,CA,D0
1085
DATA
FA,60,END
1036
DATA
43,54,45,52,53,00,55,4E
1037
DATA
49,44,45,4E,54,49,46,49
END
COMMODORE M/V3AZINE
127
Tips & Tricks/64 and 128
ADVERTISERS INDEX
Continued from pg. 104
Reader
fact you'll be back in conference mode, where you can chat to your heart's content. To return to your message, just press F5. Chris McGuire Jeannette, Pennsylvania
Advertiser
64C and 128 disk storage: The slots on the rear of the top surface of these computers are convenient places for temporary storage of diskettes. Just stand the disk vertically in the slot; the slot edges will hold it there in a nearly vertical position. Since there are nine slots, each of which can hold three disks, your computer can hold up to 27 disks in this way. Tyler A. Rosewood Regina, Saskatchewan Canada Printer paper saver: Here's another use for those single sheets of tractor-feed paper, lear off the left perforation in the normal way, but leave the right one alone. Use scissors to cut into the right perforation at the top and bottom of an area that is to be come a "notebook tab," similar to the tabs on divider sheets you can buy in the store. Tear off the perforations above and below your "tab,'" and you have the world's cheapest notebook divider. By skillful use of the scissors, you can make a complete set of di viders, with tabs arrayed from top to bottom. Robert Burnet Islington, Ontario Canada
User group meeting places: I'll never forget our first successful meeting at the local Pizza Hut—we loved it and so did the res taurant. Restaurants of all kinds welcome any group of people, especially if they buy food and if they come when business is slow. This is good to keep in mind if you can't find a regular meeting place. You can start out at the restaurant, then move when a more traditional place becomes available. You can approach the restaurant in advance and ask them what nights they are slowest. They'll probably love to have you. When the meeting rolls around, be sure that everybody orders something, and keep the public domain library away from the food and drink! A.M. Johnson, Jr.
Response
Page Ho.
No.
Abacus Software
1
Acorn of Indiana
2
115
Action Soft
3
14,15
Activision
4
27,47
Adams Software
5
111
Berkeley Softworks
6
24,25,54,55
•
107
Brantford Educational Services
45
Briwal!
7
87
Cheatsheet Products
8
103
Commodore Business Machines
•
1,59,63
CompuServe
9
37
Computer Book Club
10
83
Computer Direct (Protecto)
11
120,121,122,123
Cosmi
12
43
Covox
13
103
Electronic Arts
14
17,19,21,23,04
Electronic One
15
97
Ennon Corporation
16
89
Epyx
17
29,53
Financial Service Marketing
18
44
Firebird Licensees
19
35
Free Spirit Software
20
105
K.F.S. Software
2]
61
Kasara Microsystems
22
117
Loadstar
23
C2
Micro Illusions
24
C3
MicroProse
25
13,51
Midwest Software
26
115
Montgomery Grant
27
85
NRI/McGraw Hill
•
81
Origin Systems
28
39
Pro-Tech-Tronics
29
95
Amiga screen cleaner: Sometimes when I write a program I want to eliminate the Workbench border containing the "gad gets." Tb do it, I make the window with an empty title bar, then set palette 0, palette 1 and palette 2 equal to each other. This easily gets rid of the border. Jesse Peterson Donahue. Iowa
Quantum Computer Services
30
32,33
S & S Wholesalers
31
48,49,91,101
Spectrum Holobyte
32
41
Strategic Simulations
33
2
SubLogic Corporation
34
31
Superior Microsystems
35
117
Amiga default colors: When working in AmigaBASIC, some times the system's default colors are changed to an undesirable combination. You can return to the original defaults by stopping the program then doing this: press the right AMIGA key and the "R" key simultaneously, then quickly press the right AMIGA key and the period key. If it doesn't work the first time, try it again, this time more quickly.
Tevex
36
93
Timeworks
37
9,11
Tussey Computer Products
38
6,7
Uptime Magazine
39
5
Jesse Peterson
•No Reader Response Number given at Advertiser's Request.
Cary, North Carolina
Donahue, Iowa 128
JANUARY 1988
3
THIS SEASON
MICROILLUSIONS' OFFERS: For Amiga, C64/128 and MS DOS: FAERY TALE ADVENTURE Today's honest game! /BLACK JACK ACADEMY/ ROMANTIC ENCOUNTERS AT THE DOME,
For Amiga and soon for C64/12S and MS DOS: LAND OF LEGENDS / PLANETARIUM / EDONSTAR / FIREPOWER / GALACTIC INVASION / TURBO. For Amiga: DISCOVERY and DISCOVERY EXPANSION DISKS / PHOTON VIDEO / DYNAMIC CAD / MUSIC X / DYNAMIC WORD.
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